Injini efiselekayo ngokwemvelo noma ene-turbocharged? Iyiphi injini yemoto ongayikhetha. Yiziphi izinzuzo zenjini kaphethiloli efisa ngokwemvelo?

Ukukhetha idrayivu kuyindaba esemqoka yawo wonke umshayeli. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamamotho ongakhetha kuzo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi eminye yemisebenzi esetshenziswa kuzo, njengokugcwalisa i-akhawunti, yayingavamile emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule. Kwakuyisixazululo senjini esakhelwe izimoto zikanokusho noma zezemidlalo, futhi izinjini ezishibhile ngokwemvelo zazibusa yonke indawo. Ibonise ukusebenza kahle, nakuba ingakuvumeli ukushaja, futhi izindleko zayo zokusebenza nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kwakuphansi.

Manje izilinganiso zishintshile. Abathengisi bayaqhela ezimotweni ezinezinjini zikaphethiloli ezishibhile ngokwemvelo ngenxa yetorque ephansi, ukungcola okuphezulu kanye nethuba elikhulu lokuphuka. Amamodeli ane-turbocharged, udizili kanye nama-turbocharged aziwa kakhulu phakathi kwabashayeli azobusa. Nokho, kuvela ukuthi basekhona abakhiqizi abambalwa abajabulela izinjini ezishibhile ngokwemvelo futhi abafuni ukuziyeka nhlobo. Isimo sengqondo esihle ngala mayunithi simelelwa abashayeli abambalwa. Uma ucabanga ukukhetha imoto, ungacabangela labo abanenjini eshisekela ngokwemvelo. Amayunithi anjalo azoba nenzuzo uma ukhetha ukushayela okunamandla aphansi emigwaqweni yendawo noma edolobheni.

Injini efiselekayo ngokwemvelo - ukusebenza

Injini efisa ngokwemvelo ibizwa nangokuthi injini yemvelo. Le njini ayinayo i-turbocharged. Lapho igumbi lomlilo ligcwaliswa, umoya ovela endaweni ezungezile uzomuncwa, okuwumphumela wokuncipha kokucindezela ngaphakathi kwenjini. Le nqubo izodala ingxube ye-fuel-air. Uma kuqhathaniswa, enjini ye-turbine yegesi, umoya udonswa yi-compressor. Ngenxa yalokhu, igesi engena ekamelweni elivuthayo ingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu kunangaphandle. Yilokhu okwandisa amandla enjini. 

Naphezu kokwenyuka kokusebenza, kungase kube nezinkinga ezinkulu, isibonelo ngesimo sokugcwala kwenjini. Lokhu kungabonakala esibonelweni senjini encane. Kulo mongo, injini engu-2.0 enezifiso ngokwemvelo inezinzuzo ezicacile. Lokhu kungabonakala esibonelweni seyunithi yamandla engu-1.4, enenjini efisa ngokwemvelo namandla angu-95 hp. Endabeni yenjini ene-turbocharged, ukwanda kwamandla kuzofinyelela ku-160 hp. 

Ukweqa okubukhali okunjalo kuzodala izimo ezinzima zokusebenza kwenjini, kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kuzothinta impilo yedivayisi. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi injini enesifiso ngokwemvelo izokwazi ukushayela ngaphandle ngqo phezulu ukuya ku-500 XNUMX km. Uma kunenjini ene-turbocharged, kungase kudingeke ukulungiswa kabusha okukhulu ngemva kuka-200 km. km. Ngokuvamile, ikhanda liyaqhekeka, ama-piston ashise, noma iketango lesikhathi liyakhishwa. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele uthole ukuthi yiziphi izinjini ezishibhile ngokwemvelo nokuthi zihlinzekwa ngaziphi izimoto.

Yini engabekwa inani ngezinjini ezishibhile ngokwemvelo?

Uma ungumshayeli onolwazi, cishe uzokhumbula izinsuku lapho izinjini ezinama-turbocharged zazibusa emakethe. Abakhiqizi baveze ukuthi basebenza kakhulu ngisho nangaphezu kwezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezifiselekayo ngokwemvelo, ngenxa yomnotho wazo kanye nobungane bemvelo. Lokhu kwadingeka kuqinisekiswe ucwaningo olwenziwe elabhorethri. Nokho, umkhuba wawuqinisekisa ngokushesha lo mbono. Ama-motor ane-turbine ane-dynamics eyengeziwe, kodwa ngesivinini esikhulu, uphethiloli uzosetshenziswa kakhulu kunalokho uma kuziwa imoto ngezinjini ezishibhile ngokwemvelo. 

Lena inzuzo eyinhloko yalolu hlobo lwamadrayivu. Uzowajabulela, ikakhulukazi uma ukugibela okongayo nokuthule kubalulekile kuwena. Iyunithi efiselekayo ngokwemvelo ingaba yinketho engcono kakhulu uma ungumshayeli oshayela kakhulu emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni evame ukuminyana. Khona-ke ngeke ukwazi ngisho nokusebenzisa i-turbo.

Injini kaphethiloli efunwa ngokwemvelo - impilo yesevisi

Uma kukhulunywa ngezinjini ezishibhile ngokwemvelo ezimotweni ezintsha noma ezimotweni esezike zasetshenziswa, nakanjani uzoyikhathalela impilo yazo. Kudingeka sigxile ekuvimbeleni. Khumbula ukuthi nakuba amayunithi anjalo ehlala isikhathi eside kunalawo ane-turbocharged, ukuvakashela umakhenikha njalo kuyodingeka. Isitayela sokushayela sibalulekile. Qaphela ukuthi ungashayeli ngamandla ngoba izinjini ezincane zizwela kakhulu kulokhu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi zinomjovo ongaqondile noma ongaqondile.

Awukwazi ukushayela ngokonga kakhulu futhi. Ukushayela okunamandla kuholela ekulayisheni ngokweqile nasekushiseni ngokweqile okuyingozi kwenjini. Ngokulandelayo, indlela yemvelo izolayisha uhlelo lwe-crank-piston. Lokhu, futhi, kungaholela eqinisweni lokuthi amagobolondo athwalayo kuzodingeka ashintshwe ngaphambili kakhulu. Futhi khumbula ukuthi noma ngabe unenjini efisa ngokwemvelo noma ene-turbocharged, i-powertrain izoba sesimweni esihle uma uhamba amabanga amade.

Lapho ukhetha injini, cabanga ngokucophelela ukuthi uzoyisebenzisela ini imoto. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula kuwe ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokushayela oluzoba yisixazululo esisebenza kahle kakhulu nesingabizi kakhulu.