Ukuphepha okusebenzayo nokungenzi lutho. Zihlelwa kanjani izimoto?
Amabhande, ama-pretensioners, imicamelo, amakhethini, ama-electronics ku-chassis, izindawo zokuguqulwa - kukhona abaqaphi abaningi bezempilo nempilo yethu emotweni. Kubaklami bezimoto eziningi zesimanje, ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu.
Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokushesha ukuthi ukuklama imoto yesimanje ikuvumela ukuba sisinde ngisho nokushayisana okunzima kakhulu. Futhi lokhu akusebenzi kuphela kuma-limousine amakhulu, kodwa nasezimotweni ezincane zedolobha. Lezi yizindaba ezinhle kunoma yimuphi umthengi wemoto. Le nqubekelaphambili sikweleta ikakhulukazi izinto ezintsha nobuchwepheshe, kodwa ubuhlakani babaklami nekhono labo lokwethula izinto ezintsha ezibalulekile akubalulekile kangako.
Iqembu lokuqala lezinto zezimoto ezinesibopho sokuthuthukisa ukuphepha alisebenzi. Ihlala ingasebenzi ngaphandle uma kukhona ukushayisana noma ukuphahlazeka. Indima eyinhloko kuyo idlalwa isakhiwo somzimba, esakhiwe ngendlela yokuvikela ngokuphumelelayo indawo ehloselwe abagibeli. Umzimba oklanywe kahle wemoto yesimanje uwuhlobo oluqinile lwekheji oluvikela emiphumeleni yokushayisana.
Isakhiwo sangaphambili, ingemuva nezinhlangothi asiqinile njengoba sihloselwe ukumuncwa amandla. Ukube yonke imoto ibiqinile ngangokunokwenzeka, ukubambezeleka okubangelwa izingozi ezinkulu bekungaba usongo kubagibeli abangaphakathi. Ikhabethe eliqinile liklanywe kusetshenziswa amashidi anamandla aphezulu ngendlela yokuthi kusabalaliswe amandla omthelela ongaba khona endaweni enkulu kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphuma ngaluphi uhlangothi, kokubili ama-sills nezinsika, kanye ne-roof lining, kufanele kuhlakaze amandla okucindezela emzimbeni wemoto.
Ingaphambili nengemuva lemoto yesimanje lakhiwe ngokwezibalo eziqondile ezisuselwe ezilinganisweni zekhompiyutha kanye nokuhlolwa kokuphahlazeka okuqinisekisiwe. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kufanele kwenzeke ngokwesimo esamukelekayo, esihlinzeka ngokumuncwa kwamandla amaningi okushayisana ngangokunokwenzeka. Isimo esinjalo sihlukaniswe ngezigaba, ngokusho ukuthi indawo yokuchoboza yakhiwe. Eyokuqala indawo yokuvikela abahamba ngezinyawo (hhayi ngemuva). Ihlanganisa ubhampa othambile, iphinifa elingaphambili elimise ngendlela efanele kanye nekhava yangaphambili egogeka kalula.
Abahleli batusa: Awekho amakhamera esivinini amasha
Indawo yesibili, ebizwa ngokuthi indawo yokulungisa, isebenzela ukumunca imiphumela yokushayisana okuncane. Lokhu kwenziwa ngosizo lwesigxobo esikhethekile, esigogeke kalula ngokushesha ngemuva kwe-bumper kanye namaphrofayili akhethekile, amancane, abizwa ngokuthi "amabhokisi okuphahlazeka", agoqwe abe yi-accordion ngenxa yokunqunywa okukhethekile. Ukunwetshwa okufanelekile kwe-beam kwenza izibani zangaphambili zivikeleke kahle. Ngisho noma i-beam ingabambi ukucindezela, izibani zangaphambili zimelana nemithwalo esindayo ngenxa yesakhiwo esiqinile se-polycarbonate.
Bheka futhi: IVolkswagen phezulu! ekuhlolweni kwethu
Indawo yesithathu, ebizwa ngokuthi i-deformation zone, ibandakanyeka ekushabalaleni kwamandla ezingozini ezimbi kakhulu. Kuhlanganisa ukuqinisa ibhande langaphambili, amalungu aseceleni, ama-arches amasondo, ihood yangaphambili futhi ezimweni eziningi i-subframe, kanye nokumiswa kwangaphambili kanye nenjini enezinsiza. Ama-Airbag nawo ayingxenye ebalulekile yokuphepha kwe-passive. Akuyona nje inombolo yabo ebalulekile, okungcono kakhulu, kodwa futhi indawo yabo, ukuma, inqubo yokugcwalisa kanye nokunemba kokulawula.
I-airbag yangaphambili isebenza ngokugcwele kuphela ezingozini ezimbi. Lapho ingozi iphansi, imicamelo iphefumula kancane, inciphisa imiphumela yokuxhumana kwekhanda nesikhwama. Ngaphansi kwedeshibhodi, sekunamabholster amadolo, kanye nama-bolster abagibeli bezihlalo zangemuva, akhishwa endaweni emaphakathi yesihloko uma kwenzeka kushayisana.
Umqondo wokuphepha okusebenzayo uhlanganisa zonke izici ezisebenza ngenkathi ushayela futhi ezingase zihlale zisekela noma zilungisa izenzo zomshayeli. I-electronic system enkulu kuseyi-ABS, evimba amasondo ukuthi akhiye uma imoto ibhreka. Umsebenzi we-EBD ozikhethela wona, okungukuthi i-Electronic Brakeforce Distribution, ikhetha amandla amabhuleki afanelekile esondo ngalinye. Ngokulandelayo, i-ESP stabilization system (amanye amagama i-VSC, i-VSA, i-DSTC, i-DSC, i-VDC) ivimbela imoto ukuthi ingashibiliki lapho ijika emakhoneni noma ezimweni ezinzima zomgwaqo (ama-puddles, ama-bumps) ngokubhuleka isondo elihambisanayo ngesikhathi esifanele. I-BAS, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-"Emergency Brake Assist", yakhelwe ukukhulisa umfutho webhuleki ngesikhathi sokubhuleka okuphuthumayo.
