I-Adsorber: idivayisi kanye nesimiso sokusebenza
Zonke izimoto ezithobela indinganiso yezemvelo ye-Euro-3 nangaphezulu zifakwe uhlelo lokubuyisela umhwamuko kaphethiloli. Ungathola mayelana nokutholakala kwayo ekucushweni kwemoto ethile ngesifinyezo esithi EVAP - Evaporative Emission Control.
I-EVAP iqukethe izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:
- i-adsorber noma i-absorber;
- i-valve yokuhlanza;
- amapayipi axhumayo.
Njengoba wazi, lapho uphethiloli uhlangana nomoya osemkhathini, kwakheka umhwamuko kaphethiloli, ongangena emkhathini. Ukuhwamuka kwenzeka lapho uphethiloli osethangini ushisisa, kanye nalapho umfutho womkhathi ushintsha. Umsebenzi wesistimu ye-EVAP uwukubamba le miphunga bese uyiqondisa kabusha endaweni eningi yokuyithatha, ngemva kwalokho ingene emakamelweni avuthayo.
Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokufakwa kwalesi simiso ngesibhamu esisodwa, izinkinga ezimbili ezibalulekile zixazululwa ngokushesha: ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha okongayo. Isihloko sethu sanamuhla ku-Vodi.su sizonikezwa engxenyeni emaphakathi ye-EVAP - i-adsorber.
Idivayisi
I-adsorber iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu kaphethiloli yemoto yesimanje. Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwamapayipi, ixhunywe ku-tank, ukungenisa okuningana kanye nomkhathi. I-adsorber itholakala ikakhulukazi endaweni yenjini ngaphansi kwendawo yokungenisa umoya eduze ne-arch yesondo elingakwesokudla eduze kwemoto.
I-adsorber isitsha esincane esiyisilinda esigcwele i-adsorbent, okungukuthi, into emunca umhwamuko kaphethiloli.
Njengokusetshenziswa kwe-adsorbent:
- into enezimbotshana esekelwe kumakhabhoni emvelo, ikhuluma nje ngamalahle;
- amaminerali anezimbotshana atholakala endaweni yemvelo;
- ijeli ye-silica eyomile;
- ama-aluminosilicates ahlanganiswe nosawoti we-sodium noma we-calcium.
Ngaphakathi kukhona ipuleti ekhethekile - isihlukanisi, ehlukanisa isilinda zibe izingxenye ezimbili ezilinganayo. Kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe umhwamuko.
Ezinye izakhi zesakhiwo yilezi:
- I-valve ye-solenoid - ilawulwa yiyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi futhi inesibopho sezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza kwedivayisi;
- amapayipi aphumayo axhuma ithangi ethangini, ama-multifold and air intake;
- i-valve ye-gravity - cishe ayisetshenziswanga, kodwa ngenxa yalokho, ezimweni eziphuthumayo, uphethiloli awuchichili entanyeni yethangi, isibonelo, uma imoto igingqika.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngaphezu kwe-adsorbent ngokwayo, into eyinhloko i-valve ye-solenoid, enesibopho sokusebenza okujwayelekile kwalesi divayisi, okungukuthi, ukuhlanzwa kwayo, ukukhululwa emazingeni aqoqiwe, ukuqondisa kabusha kwawo ku-valve ye-throttle. noma ubuyele ethangini.
Ukuthi isebenza kanjani
Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukubamba umhwamuko kaphethiloli. Njengoba wazi, ngaphambi kokwethulwa kwenqwaba yama-adsorbers, kwakukhona i-valve yomoya ekhethekile ethangini lapho imfucumfucu yangena khona ngqo emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo. Ukuze kuncishiswe inani lale mfucumfucu, kwasetshenziswa i-condenser nesihlukanisi, lapho umhwamuko wawufingqa futhi ugeleze ubuyele ethangini.
Namuhla, amathangi awafakelwe ama-valve omoya, futhi wonke ama-vapor angenaso isikhathi sokufingqa angena ku-adsorber. Uma injini icishiwe, bamane banqwabelane kuyo. Uma umthamo obalulekile ufinyelelwa ngaphakathi, ingcindezi iyanda futhi i-valve ye-bypass ivula, ixhuma isitsha ne-tank. I-Condensate imane igeleze epayipini iye ethangini.
Uma uqala imoto, i-valve ye-solenoid iyavuleka futhi wonke ama-vapor aqala ukugeleza ku-multifold intake valve nase-throttle valve, lapho, ukuxubana nomoya wasemkhathini ovela emoyeni, bajova ngemibhobho yomjovo ngqo enjini. amasilinda.
Futhi, ngenxa ye-valve ye-solenoid, ukuhlanzwa kabusha kwenzeka, ngenxa yokuthi ama-vapor ayengasetshenzisiwe aphinde aqhunyiswe ku-throttle. Ngakho, ngesikhathi sokusebenza, i-adsorber icishe ihlanzwe ngokuphelele.
Ukuxazulula izinkinga kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga
Uhlelo lwe-EVAP lusebenza kumodi ejulile cishe engaphazamiseki. Ngokwemvelo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukungasebenzi okuhlukahlukene kwenzeka, okubonakala ngezimpawu zesici. Okokuqala, uma amashubhu e-conductive evalekile, khona-ke umhwamuko unqwabelana ethangini ngokwalo. Uma ufika egalaji likaphethiloli futhi uvula isivalo, ukuhayiza okuvela ethangini kumane kukhulume ngenkinga efanayo.
Uma i-valve ye-solenoid ivuza, umhwamuko ungangena ngokungalawuleki endaweni ewuthathayo, okuholela ekwenyukeni kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nezinkinga zokuqalisa injini ngesikhathi sokuqala. Futhi, injini ingase imane imise ngesikhathi sokuma, isibonelo, ekukhanyeni okubomvu.
Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivame kakhulu:
- uma ungenzi lutho, ukuchofoza kwe-valve ye-solenoid kuzwakala ngokucacile;
- isivinini esintantayo lapho injini ifudumala, ikakhulukazi ebusika;
- inzwa yezinga likaphethiloli inikeza idatha engalungile, izinga lishintsha ngokushesha kokubili ezinhlangothini ezingenhla neziphansi;
- ukonakala kokusebenza okuguquguqukayo ngenxa yokwehla kokudonsa;
- "kathathu" lapho ushintshela kumagiya aphezulu.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuqala ukukhathazeka uma kukhona iphunga eliqhubekayo likaphethiloli ku-cabin noma ku-hood. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukulimala kwamashubhu e-conductive kanye nokulahlekelwa kokuqina.
Ungakwazi ukulungisa inkinga kokubili ngokuzimela nangosizo lwabachwepheshe abavela esiteshini sesevisi. Ungajahi ukugijima ngokushesha esitolo sezingxenye futhi ubheke uhlobo olufanele lwe-adsorber. Zama ukuyiqaqa futhi uyiqaqe. Isibonelo, abanye abakhiqizi bafaka izihlungi zenjoloba ye-foam ngaphakathi, ezigcina ziphenduka uthuli futhi zivale amashubhu.
I-valve ye-solenoid nayo iyalungiseka. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ususe ukuchofozwa kwesici, ungavula isikulufu sokulungisa kancane cishe uhhafu wokujika, usikhulule noma ngokuphambene usiqinise. Lapho injini iqalwa kabusha, ukuchofoza kufanele kunyamalale, futhi isilawuli sizoyeka ukunikeza iphutha. Uma ufisa, i-valve ingashintshwa nguwe, ngenhlanhla, ayibizi kakhulu.
Iyalayisha...
