ABS iminyaka engu-25

Yize izimoto zokuqala bezihamba kancane kakhulu kunanamuhla kodwa okwenzekile wukuthi esikhundleni sokuthi ime imoto iqhubeke namasondo akhiyiwe.

Izinkinga zokukhiya amasondo uma ubhuleka cishe zindala njengezimoto. Yize izimoto zokuqala bezihamba kancane kakhulu kunanamuhla kodwa okwenzekile wukuthi esikhundleni sokuthi ime imoto iqhubeke namasondo akhiyiwe.

Ukuhlola izinhlelo ze-ABS zokuqala - kwesobunxele indawo yomgwaqo ebamba kahle, ezishelelayo kwesokunxele.

Ngemizamo yokugwema isimo esinjalo, abaklami bebelokhu behlukumeza ubuchopho babo kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-1936. I-"anti-lock brake device" yokuqala i-Bosch yafaka isicelo selungelo lobunikazi emuva ngo-40. Kodwa-ke, amasistimu awazange akhiqizwe ngobuningi iminyaka engaphezu kwe-XNUMX. Kodwa-ke, amasistimu e-prototype alandelayo anezihibe eziningi, ayenensa kakhulu futhi ebiza kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi.

Ngo-1964, uBosch waqala ukuhlola uhlelo lwe-ABS. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, imiphumela yokuqala yatholwa. Izimoto bezinebanga elifushane lokubhuleka, ukubamba kangcono kanye nokuzinza emakhoneni. Ulwazi olwaqoqwa ngaleso sikhathi lwasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kohlelo lwe-ABS1, izici zalo ezisasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zesimanje namuhla. I-ABS-1 yaqala ukwenza imisebenzi yayo ngo-1970, kodwa yayiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu - iqukethe izakhi ze-analog eziyi-1000. Ukwengeza, ukuqina nokuthembeka kwabo bekungakanele ukufaka uhlelo ekukhiqizeni. Ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kwehlise isibalo sezinto safinyelela ku-140. Kodwa-ke, nasezinhlelweni zesimanje kusekhona izakhi ezaziku-ABS 1.

Late 70s - ABS iza Mercedes.

Ngenxa yalokho, isizukulwane sesibili kuphela se-ABS, ngemva kweminyaka engu-14 yocwaningo, yaphumelela futhi iphephile kangangokuthi kwanqunywa ukuyibeka ekukhiqizeni. Nokho, kwakuyisinqumo esibizayo. Ngenkathi yethulwa ngo-1978, yanikezwa ama-limousine okunethezeka - okokuqala iMercedes S-Class kwase kuba iBMW 7 Series. Noma kunjalo, amasistimu e-ABS ayisigidi akhiqizwa eminyakeni engu-8. ngo-1999, inani lezinhlelo ze-ABS ezikhiqizwayo ladlula amayunithi ayizigidi ezingama-50. Eminyakeni engu-25 edlule, izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-ABS yezizukulwane ezilandelayo ziye zehla kakhulu kangangokuthi namuhla lolu hlelo lunikezwa ngisho nezimoto ezincane ezishibhile. Njengamanje i-ABS inamaphesenti angama-90. ethengiswa eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Zonke izimoto kumele zibe nayo kusukela maphakathi no-2004.

Onjiniyela bahlale belwela ukwenza lula uhlelo, ukunciphisa inani lezingxenye (okuzokwandisa ukwethembeka) nokunciphisa isisindo.

Imisebenzi namandla esistimu nawo ayathuthukiswa, manje avumela ukusatshalaliswa kwe-electronic of brake force phakathi kwama-axles.

Uma ubhuleka ekhoneni, imoto engena-ABS ishelela ngokushesha.

I-ABS iphinde yaba yisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezifana ne-ASR, eyethulwa ngo-1987, ukuvimbela ukushushuluza ngesikhathi sokusheshisa kanye nesistimu yokulawula ukudonsa kagesi ye-ESP. Lesi sixazululo, esethulwa ngabakwaBosch ngo-1995, sithuthukisa ukuzinza hhayi kuphela lapho ubhuleka futhi usheshisa, kodwa nakwezinye izimo, njengalapho ushayela eduze kwamajika ezindaweni ezishelelayo. Ayigcini nje ngokunensa amasondo ngamanye, kodwa futhi inciphisa amandla enjini ezimeni lapho kunengozi yokushibilika.

Isebenza kanjani i-ABS

Isondo ngalinye linezinzwa ezibika ubungozi bokuvinjwa kwamasondo. Kulokhu, isistimu ikhulula ingcindezi kulayini webhuleki ukuya esondweni elivimbayo. Uma iphinda iqala ukujikeleza ngendlela evamile futhi, ingcindezi ibuyela kwesijwayelekile futhi amabhuleki aqala ukubhuleka isondo futhi. I-algorithm efanayo iyaphindwa isikhathi ngasinye lapho isondo livala lapho umshayeli efaka amabhuleki. Wonke umjikelezo uyashesha kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuzwa kwe-pulsation, njengokungathi kukhona imivimbo emifushane emasondweni.

Akenzi izimanga

Emgwaqweni oshelelayo, imoto efakwe i-ABS izoma ngaphambi kwemoto engenalo lolu hlelo, "eshibilika" ingxenye yebanga lokubhuleka emasondweni akhiyiwe. Kodwa-ke emgwaqeni obambelela kahle, imoto ene-ABS ima kude kunemoto eklwebha amathayi amasondo akhiyiwe, ishiye umkhondo wenjoloba emnyama ngemuva. Okufanayo kusebenza ezindaweni ezivulekile njengesihlabathi noma amatshe.