I-3D kwezokwelapha: izwe elibonakalayo kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha

Kuze kube manje, sihlobanise into engekho ngokoqobo nemidlalo yekhompyutha, izwe lamaphupho elidalelwe ukuzijabulisa. Ingabe ukhona oke wacabanga ukuthi okuthile okuwumthombo wenjabulo kungase kube elinye lamathuluzi okuxilonga kwezokwelapha esikhathini esizayo? Ingabe izenzo zodokotela emhlabeni jikelele zizokwenza ochwepheshe abangcono? Ingabe babezokwazi ukuhlanganyela ekusebenzelaneni komuntu nesiguli uma bekufunda ngokukhuluma nehologram kuphela?

Inqubekelaphambili inemithetho yayo - siphethe izindawo ezintsha zesayensi, sakha ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi sidale into ekuqaleni eyayinenjongo ehlukile, kodwa sithole ukusetshenziswa okusha kwayo futhi sinwebe umbono wangempela kwezinye izindawo zesayensi.

Yilokhu okwenzeka ngemidlalo yekhompyutha. Ekuqaleni kokuba khona kwabo, kwakufanele babe nje umthombo wokuzijabulisa. Kamuva, ngokubona ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe buthole kalula kanjani indlela eya kubantu abasha, kwasungulwa imidlalo yokufundisa ehlanganisa ukuzijabulisa nokufunda ukuze ikwenze kuthakazelise kakhulu. Ngenxa yenqubekelaphambili, abadali babo bazame ukwenza imihlaba edaliwe ibe ngokoqobo ngangokunokwenzeka, bazuza amathuba amasha ezobuchwepheshe. Umphumela wale misebenzi imidlalo lapho ikhwalithi yesithombe ikwenza kungenzeki ukuhlukanisa izinganekwane nezingokoqobo, futhi umhlaba obonakalayo usondelana kakhulu nowangempela kangangokuthi ubonakala uphilisa amaphupho ethu namaphupho. Yilobu buchwepheshe okwathi eminyakeni embalwa edlule bawela ezandleni zososayensi ababezama ukwenza inqubo yokuqeqesha odokotela besizukulwane esisha ibe yesimanje.

Isitimela futhi uhlele

Emhlabeni wonke, izikole zezokwelapha namanyuvesi abhekene nesithiyo esingathi sína ekufundiseni ngezokwelapha nesayensi ehlobene kubafundi - ukuntuleka kwezinto eziphathelene nebhayoloji yokufunda. Nakuba kulula ukukhiqiza amaseli noma izicubu ezindaweni zokucwaninga ngezinhloso zocwaningo, lokhu kuba yinkinga kakhulu. imizimba eyamukelayo ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo. Namuhla, abantu mancane amathuba okuthi bonge imizimba yabo ngezinjongo zocwaningo. Kunezizathu eziningi zamasiko nezenkolo zalokhu. Ngakho-ke yini abafundi okufanele bayifunde? Izibalo nezinkulumo azisoze zathatha indawo yokuxhumana okuqondile nombukiso. Ukuzama ukubhekana nale nkinga, kwadalwa umhlaba ongokoqobo okuvumela ukuthi uthole izimfihlo zomzimba womuntu.

Isithombe esibonakalayo senhliziyo nemithambo yethoracic.

ULwesibili 2014, uphrof. UMark Griswold ovela eNyuvesi yase-Case Western Reserve e-USA, wabamba iqhaza ocwaningweni lwesistimu yokwethulwa kwe-holographic ethatha umsebenzisi imbeke emhlabeni obonakalayo futhi imvumele ukuthi axhumane nayo. Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa, wayekwazi ukubona umhlaba wama-holograms endaweni engokoqobo ezungezile futhi athole ukuthintana naye emhlabeni ongokoqobo nomunye umuntu - ukuboniswa kwekhompyutha yomuntu ekamelweni elihlukile. Zombili izinhlangothi zingakhuluma zodwa ngokwangempela ngaphandle kokubonana. Umphumela wokubambisana okuqhubekayo phakathi kwenyuvesi nabasebenzi bayo nososayensi kwaba yizicelo zokuqala ze-prototype zocwaningo lwe-anatomy yomuntu.

Ukudala umhlaba obonakalayo kukuvumela ukuthi udale kabusha noma yisiphi isakhiwo somzimba womuntu futhi usibeke kumodeli yedijithali. Ngokuzayo, kuzokwazi ukudala amamephu wento yonke ephilayo futhi kuhlolwe umzimba womuntu ngendlela yehologram, ukumbukela nhlangothi zonke, ehlola izimfihlo zokusebenza kwezitho zomuntu ngamunye, enesithombe esiningiliziwe sazo phambi kwamehlo akhe. Abafundi bazokwazi ukufunda i-anatomy ne-physiology ngaphandle kokuthintana nomuntu ophilayo noma isidumbu sakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nothisha uzokwazi ukuqhuba amakilasi ngendlela ye-holographic projection yakhe, engekho endaweni ethile. Imikhawulo yesikhashana neyendawo kwezesayensi kanye nokufinyelela olwazini izoshabalala, ukufinyelela kwezobuchwepheshe kuphela okuyohlala kuyisithiyo esingase sibe khona. Imodeli ebonakalayo izovumela odokotela abahlinzayo ukuba bafunde ngaphandle kokwenza imisebenzi entweni ephilayo, futhi ukunemba kwesibonisi kuzodala ikhophi enjalo yeqiniso ukuthi kuzokwazi ukukhiqiza kabusha ngokwethembeka amaqiniso enqubo yangempela. okuhlanganisa ukusabela kwawo wonke umzimba wesiguli. Igumbi lokuhlinza elibonakalayo, isiguli esidijithali? Lokhu akukabi yimpumelelo yokufundisa!

Ubuchwepheshe obufanayo buzovumela ukuhlelwa kwezinqubo ezithile zokuhlinza kubantu abathile. Ngokuskena ngokucophelela imizimba yabo nokudala imodeli ye-holographic, odokotela bazokwazi ukufunda ngokwakheka kwesiguli sabo nesifo ngaphandle kokwenza izivivinyo ezihlaselayo. Izigaba ezilandelayo zokwelapha zizohlelwa kumamodeli ezitho ezigulayo. Lapho beqala ukuhlinzwa kwangempela, bazokwazi ngokuphelele umzimba womuntu ohlinziwe futhi akukho okuzobamangaza.

Ukuqeqeshwa ngemodeli ebonakalayo yomzimba wesiguli.

Ubuchwepheshe ngeke buthathe indawo yokuxhumana

Nokho, umbuzo uphakama, ingabe yonke into ingathathelwa indawo ubuchwepheshe? Ayikho indlela etholakalayo ezothatha indawo yokuxhumana nesiguli sangempela kanye nomzimba waso. Akunakwenzeka ukukhombisa ngokwedijithali ukuzwela kwezicubu, ukwakheka kwazo nokungaguquguquki, ngisho nangokwengeziwe ukusabela kwabantu. Kungenzeka yini ukukhiqiza kabusha ubuhlungu nokwesaba komuntu ngokwedijithali? Naphezu kwentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, odokotela abasebasha kusazodingeka bahlangane nabantu bangempela.

Ngaphandle kwesizathu, eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kwatuswa ukuba abafundi bezokwelapha ePoland nasemhlabeni wonke babe khona izikhathi neziguli zangempela futhi bakhe ubudlelwano babo nabantu, nokuthi abasebenzi bezemfundo, ngaphezu kokuzuza ulwazi, baphinde bafunde ukuzwelana, ububele nokuhlonipha abantu. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi umhlangano wokuqala wangempela wabafundi bezokwelapha abanesiguli kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa noma ukuqeqeshwa. Njengoba behlulwe eqinisweni lezemfundo, abakwazi ukukhuluma neziguli futhi babhekane nemizwa yabo enzima. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ukuqhubeka nokuhlukaniswa kwabafundi neziguli okubangelwa ubuchwepheshe obusha kuzoba nomthelela omuhle kodokotela abasebasha. Ingabe sizobasiza ukuthi bamane bahlale bengabantu ngokwakha ochwepheshe abasezingeni eliphezulu? Phela udokotela akalona icwecwe, futhi isiphetho somuntu ogulayo sincike kakhulu ekuthintaneni komuntu, nasekumethembeni isiguli kudokotela waso.

Esikhathini eside esidlule, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha—ngezinye izikhathi baze baphule izimiso zokuziphatha—babethola ulwazi ngesisekelo sokuthintana nomzimba kuphela. Ulwazi lwamanje lwezokwelapha empeleni luwumphumela wale mibuzo kanye nelukuluku lomuntu. Yeka ukuthi kwakunzima kangakanani ukuqaphela iqiniso, ngingakazi lutho ngempela, ukuthola izinto, ukuthembela kokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu! Izindlela eziningi zokwelapha zokuhlinza zathuthukiswa ngokuzama nangephutha, futhi nakuba ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwaphetha ngokudabukisayo esigulini, yayingekho enye indlela yokuphuma.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lo mqondo wokuhlola umzimba nomuntu ophilayo ngandlela-thile wafundisa inhlonipho kubo bobabili. Lokhu kwangenza ngacabanga ngazo zonke izinyathelo ezihleliwe futhi ngenza izinqumo ezinzima. Ingabe umzimba we-virtual kanye nesiguli esibonakalayo singafundisa into efanayo? Ingabe ukuthintana nehologram kuzofundisa izizukulwane ezintsha zodokotela inhlonipho nozwelo, futhi ingabe ukukhuluma ngombono ongokoqobo kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa uzwela? Lolu daba lubhekene nososayensi abasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali emanyuvesi ezokwelapha.

Ngokungangabazeki, umnikelo wezixazululo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe emfundweni yodokotela awukwazi ukulinganiswa ngokweqile, kodwa akuyona yonke into engashintshwa yikhompyutha. Iqiniso ledijithali lizovumela ochwepheshe ukuthi bathole imfundo efanelekile, futhi lizobavumela ukuthi bahlale bengodokotela "abangabantu".

Ukubona ngeso lengqondo ubuchwepheshe besikhathi esizayo - imodeli yomzimba womuntu.

Phrinta amamodeli nemininingwane

Kwezokwelapha zomhlaba, sekuvele kukhona ubuchwepheshe obuningi be-imaging obubhekwa njenge-cosmic eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Esinakho eduze Ukunikezwa kwe-3D elinye ithuluzi eliwusizo kakhulu elisetshenziswa ekwelapheni izimo ezinzima. Nakuba amaphrinta e-3D esemasha, asetshenziswe kwezokwelapha iminyaka eminingana. E-Poland, asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhleleni ukwelashwa, kuhlanganisa. ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Konke ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo kuyinto enkulu engaziwa, ngoba awekho amacala amabili afanayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ngodokotela ukubikezela ukuthi yini engase ibamangaze ngemva kokuvula isifuba sesiguli. Ubuchwepheshe esitholakalayo, obufana ne-magnetic resonance imaging noma i-computed tomography, abukwazi ukubonisa ngokunembile zonke izakhiwo. Ngakho-ke, kunesidingo sokuqonda okujulile komzimba wesiguli esithile, futhi odokotela banikeza leli thuba ngosizo lwezithombe ze-XNUMXD esikrinini sekhompiyutha, ezihunyushwa ngokuqhubekayo kumamodeli wendawo eyenziwe nge-silicone noma epulasitiki.

Izikhungo zokuhlinza inhliziyo zasePoland bezilokhu zisebenzisa indlela yokuskena nokwenza imephu yezakhiwo zenhliziyo kumamodeli e-3D iminyaka eminingana, ngesisekelo sokuthi ukuhlinzwa kuhlelwa.. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi imodeli yendawo kuphela yembula inkinga engamangaza udokotela ohlinzayo ngesikhathi senqubo. Ubuchwepheshe obutholakalayo busenza sikwazi ukugwema lezi zimanga. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lokuhlola luzuza abalandeli abaningi ngokwengeziwe, futhi esikhathini esizayo, imitholampilo isebenzisa amamodeli we-3D ekuxilongweni. Ongoti kweminye imikhakha yezokwelapha basebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ngendlela efanayo futhi bahlala bebuthuthukisa.

Ezinye izikhungo ePoland nakwamanye amazwe kakade seziqhuba imisebenzi yokuphayona zisebenzisa ithambo noma i-vascular endoprostheses iphrintwe ngobuchwepheshe be-3D. Izikhungo zamathambo emhlabeni jikelele ziyizitho zokufakelwa eziphrinta i-3D ezilungele isiguli esithile. Futhi, okubalulekile, ishibhile kakhulu kunendabuko. Esikhathini esithile esidlule, ngabuka ngomzwelo ingxenye yombiko eyayibonisa indaba yomfana owayenqanyulwe ingalo. Uthole ukufakelwa okuphrintiwe okungu-XNUMXD okwakuwumfanekiso ophelele wengalo ka-Iron Man, iqhawe eliyintandokazi lesiguli esincane. Yayilula, ishibhile futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ifakwe ngokuphelele kunezitho zokwenziwa ezivamile.

Iphupho lomuthi ukwenza zonke izitho zomzimba ezingekho ezingathathelwa indawo okulinganayo okwenziwe kubuchwepheshe be-3D, ukulungiswa kwemodeli edaliwe ezidingweni zesiguli esithile. "Izingxenye ezisele" ezinjena ezibhalwe ngenani elithengekayo zingaguqula imithi yesimanje.

Ucwaningo ohlelweni lwe-hologram luyaqhubeka ngokubambisana nodokotela abavela ezindaweni eziningi ezikhethekile. Sebevele bayavela izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuqala ezinokwakheka komuntu futhi odokotela bokuqala bazofunda mayelana nobuchwepheshe be-holographic yesikhathi esizayo. Amamodeli e-3D abe yingxenye yemithi yesimanje futhi akuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu uyimfihlo yehhovisi lakho. Ngokuzayo, ubuchwepheshe be-virtual buzoxazulula ezinye izinkinga eziningi umuthi ozama ukulwa nazo. Izolungiselela izizukulwane ezintsha zodokotela, futhi ngeke kube nomkhawulo ekusakazekeni kwesayensi nolwazi.