Iminyaka eyi-10 yendiza ye-C-130E Hercules emabuthweni ahlomile asePoland, ingxenye 2
33. Isizinda sendiza yezokuthutha e-Powidzie, ngenxa yengqalasizinda yaso, siyakwazi ukwamukela zonke izinhlobo zezindiza ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke.
Nakuba ukundizela e-United States kuhlale kuyithuba elihle lokuthola ulwazi, kuwumsebenzi obiza kakhulu futhi kubhangqwa kangcono nezindawo zokuphuma ze-F-16 lapho ama-C-130 esekela yonke ingxenye futhi emelela umthwalo omncane wezezimali owengeziwe, okuvame ukuba uphethiloli. ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi somsebenzi.
Kodwa-ke, inkinga yokuxhasa ngezimali ibutho lezempi ayikhathaleli iPoland kuphela, futhi ngenxa yesabelomali esilinganiselwe, amazwe aseYurophu anquma ukuhlela ukuqeqeshwa kwawo kwezindiza zokuthutha, lapho iPoland nayo ihlanganyela khona. Ngokombono wethu, ukuzivocavoca eYurophu, ngaphezu kwezindleko eziphansi, kunenye inzuzo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqeqeshwa, abantu baseMelika bagcizelela kakhulu yonke imibhalo ehlobene nomsebenzi othile. Sikhuluma ngokulungiswa kwemishini, kuqala ngokufika kwe-ATO (Air Tasking Order), lapho yonke inqubo iqala khona, ukuthuthukiswa kwephrofayili yemishini kanye nezinye izindiza (ikakhulukazi ngezindiza ze-AWACS zokubhekwa kwe-radar), ngqo. ukulungiselela lokhu bese kuphela ukuqaliswa uqobo. Zonke lezi zinyathelo kufanele ziqedwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa ngezinga elifanele nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa ukubulawa okuphephile.
Endabeni yezisebenzi ezintsha ezisanda kujwayela ukuhamba ngendiza endaweni yamazwe ngamazwe, isimo lapho ukulungiswa kwemibhalo kungase kusetshenzwe ngezigaba siyakhokha futhi sivumele ukusebenza ngokuphumelelayo kwemisebenzi yangempela esikhathini esizayo. Ukuqeqeshwa okunikezwa e-USA, nakuba kusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, akuhlanganisi yonke into, futhi ikakhulukazi ukubambisana osekushiwo kakade neminye imishini kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu mayelana nabasebenzi abasha. Ukujwayela kokuzivocavoca kanye nesilinganiso sabo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqhuba izivivinyo ezihlobene nezindiza eziqinile, okuyinto endaweni yethu, ngisho nangenxa yokuntuleka kwezintaba zefomu elifanele kanye nenani elilinganiselwe lezindiza, elingenakukwazi ukwenziwa.
I-Polish C-130E Hercules ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa okuthuthukisiwe kwabasebenzi bendiza yezokuthutha yasePoland ekuzilolongeni kwamazwe ngamazwe esikhumulweni sezindiza saseZaragoza.
I-European Red Flag - EATC
I-European Air Transport Command (EATC) yaqala ukusebenza ngomhla ka-1 Septhemba 2010 e-Eindhoven. I-Netherlands, Belgium, France kanye neJalimane aqeda izingxenye ezinkulu zezindiza zabo zokuthutha namathangi, kwalandelwa iLuxembourg ngoNovemba 2012, iSpain ngoJulayi 2014 kanye ne-Italy ngoZibandlela wonyaka ofanayo. Ngenxa yalokho, sekuhlelwe ukuthi kuhlelwe izindiza ezingaphezu kuka-200, zihlelwe futhi zilawulwe yinhlangano eyodwa. Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi silawule izinsiza zokuthutha ezilinganiselwe zawo wonke amazwe ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana futhi ngaleyo ndlela songe ingxenye enkulu yemali yabakhokhi bentela.
Esinye isici esibalulekile esihlobene nomsebenzi womyalo ukuthatha ingxenye yemisebenzi yokuqeqesha evela emazweni ngamanye. Ngaphakathi kohlaka lohlelo lokuqeqesha olusunguliwe, ukuzivocavoca okuhlanganyelwe, okujikelezayo, namaqhinga okuthutha izindiza kwenziwa. Mayelana nokusungulwa kwesikhungo sokuqeqesha eZaragoza, ifomula yokuzivocavoca ishintshile, kuze kube manje isekelwe kuzicelo futhi ingenalo uhlu oluphelele lwabahlanganyeli. Ngaphansi kwefomula entsha, amazwe angamalungu unomphela azobamba iqhaza ekuqeqeshweni okujikelezayo, okuthuthukisiwe kwamaqhinga, kodwa futhi kusazokwazi ukubamba iqhaza kufomula yesivakashi, okungukuthi ngendlela efanayo ne-Poland ehlanganyela ngayo kulo lonke uhlelo.
Esifundweni sesithathu se-European Advanced Air Transport Tactics Training Course 2017 (EAATTC 2017-17), ehlelwe ngonyaka wesi-3 e-Zaragoza, ingxenye yasePoland yayihlanganisa indiza ye-C-130E evela endaweni ye-33 yendiza yezokuthutha e-Powidzie, kanye nabasebenzi ababili nokusekelwa. imishini. abasebenzi. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu salo msebenzi ukuthi ubugxile ezindizeni ezinamasu nje, ngaphansi kwezimo zengcindezi yesikhathi eside, ezilingisa izimo zokulwa ngangokunokwenzeka. Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kulungiselelwe umzila wabashayeli bezindiza netilosi sasigcinwa sincane, inani lezibalo ezidingekayo ukuze kuqedwe izibalo lalilikhulu, futhi ukuguqulwa kohlelo phakathi nomsebenzi wethula inkimbinkimbi eyengeziwe.
Abasebenzi bekufanele baye ezindaweni ezithile ngesikhathi esichazwe ngokuqinile, endaweni ekhethwe ngendlela yokuthi ingabi nasici, esiphazamisa nokunemba kwezenzo ezidingekayo emisebenzini yamaqhinga. Ukubekezelela ukuhlanganisa noma ukususa amasekhondi angu-30 kwakudingeka ukuze kuqedelwe indiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma usulungisiwe, umsebenzi wawungadingeki ukuba uqedwe. Ngokuvamile kwakukhona ushintsho ezicini zomsebenzi, futhi abasebenzi babehlale bexhumana elingisa nendiza ye-AWACS, izisebenzi zayo ezazilawula ukwenziwa komsebenzi emoyeni. Indiza ngokwayo ithathe cishe imizuzu engama-90-100, kubalwa indiza yenetha.
Nokho, lokhu kwakungasho ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi kwakunomsebenzi owodwa kuphela. Ngendiza enjalo, kwakudingeka ukwenza, ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlalisa okubili ezindaweni eziqokiwe, okuthi, ngokwesibonelo, eyodwa endaweni engagandayiwe, indize endaweni yokulwa etholakala ngenhla kwendawo yokuqeqeshwa, idlulele phansi endaweni eqinile. isikhathi esichaziwe, futhi ngesinye isikhathi bekunokungqubuzana okulingiswayo nama-fighters, iSpain abeyifake ngendlela ye-F/A-18 Hornet. Nakuba inkambo eyayiqhutshwa eSpain yayibizwa ngokuthi umkhumbi owodwa, i.e. indiza yayiqhutshwa ngabanye, izindiza zasuka ngezikhathi zemizuzu engu-10 futhi iqembu ngalinye lenza imisebenzi efanayo. Ngakho-ke, ukulahlekelwa kweqembu elilodwa kwabathinta ngokuqondile abanye ababemlandelayo nekhono labo lokwenza imisebenzi yabo. Lokhu kwakuyisici esengeziwe esabeka ingcindezi kubasebenzi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo saletha ukuzivocavoca eduze nezimo zokulwa. Abahleli bezifundo banentshisekelo yokubamba iqhaza okubanzi kwePoland ohlelweni, okuzosivumela ukuthi sisebenzise insimu yethu enkulu ngezimo zaseYurophu. Lokhu kuzophinde kuhlukanise umjikelezo wokuqeqesha.
Ngokulandelayo, ngo-Ephreli 2018, i-C-130E kanye nabasebenzi baya eBulgaria, lapho baqeqeshwa khona njengengxenye ye-European Tactical Airlift Program Course (kulokhu, i-ETAP-C 18-2 - kube noshintsho lwegama uma kuqhathaniswa no. 2017) , inhloso yakho okuwukuhlanganisa izindlela zokusebenzisa nezinqubo ngokuya ngokuthi izisebenzi zezindiza zokuthutha ngamasu zisebenza emazweni athile aseYurophu. Isifundo se-ETAP ngokwaso sihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana, eziqale zisekelwe ekuqeqeshweni kwethiyori, kulandelwa izingqungquthela zokulungiselela ukuzivocavoca, bese kuba ku-STAGE-C, i.e. inkambo yendiza enobuhlakani yabasebenzi bezindiza, futhi, ekugcineni, i-ETAP-T, i.e. izivivinyo Tactical.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwe-ETAP luhlinzekela ukuqeqeshwa kwabafundisi ngesikhathi sesigaba se-ETAP-I. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, phakathi nezingqungquthela zaminyaka yonke (ETAP-S) izinqubo ezisetshenziswa eYurophu ziyaxoxwa futhi kushintshana ngolwazi phakathi kwamazwe ngamanye.
Usuku lokuqeqeshwa olujwayelekile luhlanganisa ukwaziswa kwasekuseni, lapho imisebenzi yahlelelwa iqembu ngalinye futhi kwadwetshwa isimo sokungqubuzana, lapho indiza ethile yayibambe iqhaza. Umsebenzi ngokwawo wathatha cishe amahora angu-2, kodwa isikhathi sasihluke kancane kuye ngemisebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthi i-STAGE-C iyisifundo sokuqeqesha, izikhathi zethiyori ngesihloko esikhethiwe zazibanjwa nsuku zonke cishe ihora.
NgoJulayi odlule, ingxenye yamadoda angama-39 evela ePowidz yaya esikhungweni sikaPapa eHungary, lapho umsebenzi we-ETAP-T wawuqhutshwa khona. Sekukonke, izindiza eziyisi-9 namazwe ayisishiyagalombili ahileleke emisebenzini, futhi phakathi nomzabalazo wamasonto amabili, lonke uhla lwemisebenzi lwenziwa, kuhlanganise nokusebenza kwezindiza okuhlangene i-COMAO (I-Composite Air Operations) ngokubamba iqhaza kwezindiza eziyisishiyagalombili zokuthutha.
Konke ukuhamba kanye nokuba khona kwePoland ezakhiweni zokuqeqesha zaseYurophu kunikeza ithemba lokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwamakhono ethu emkhakheni wezokuthutha emoyeni, kodwa uma abantu sebelungile, beqeqeshwe futhi bethuthukisa amakhono abo njalo, ngeshwa imikhumbi yabasebenzi bezokuthutha baya ngokuya beguga. esala kancane emva kwabo. .
Imithwalo nemisebenzi engavamile
Ngaphezu kwemisebenzi evamile yokusekela, izindiza zokuthutha i-C-130E Hercules nazo zenza imisebenzi engajwayelekile. Lapho kudingekile ukuthutha hhayi ngempela esindayo, kodwa imithwalo bulky. Lezi kungaba izimoto zamabutho akhethekile, izikebhe ezisetshenziswa yiFormosa, noma ama-SUV ahlomile asetshenziswa kumanxusa ethu.
Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka ingqungquthela ye-NATO ePoland, isibhakabhaka sasiqashwe yimoto yasemoyeni iHeron engenamuntu, eyalethwa ku-C-130 evela kwa-Israel. Isitsha saklanywa ngendlela yokuthi ngemva kokuyilayisha endizeni, kwasala cishe amasentimitha ayishumi nambili esikhala samahhala. Lokhu kungobunye ubufakazi bendima enkulu yalezi zindiza emabuthweni anamuhla, ahlanganisa iningi lemishini yabo ngokusekelwe endaweni efakazelwe kahle ye-C-130.
Esimeni semishini yokuqeqeshwa komshayeli wendiza ye-F-16 e-Albacete e-Spain, ama-C-130 enza uhambo olugcwele lwengxenye engasebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokoqobo yonke into ithuthwa ngeziqukathi ezikhethekile. Lezi izingxenye ze-F-16, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezidingekayo, nezinto zasendlini njengamaphrinta nephepha. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulingise ukushayela endaweni engaziwa futhi uqhubeke nokusebenza ezingeni elifanayo nangaphandle kwedolobha.
Omunye umsebenzi ongajwayelekile kwakuwukukhishwa kwezisebenzi zasePoland ezindlini zamanxusa e-Libya nase-Iraq. Lezi kwakuyizindiza eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezazisuka ngqo eWarsaw futhi zingami. Ngaleso sikhathi, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokulawula indiza eya eLibya yasetshenziswa uhlelo lwe-AWACS, olwalubika ukuthi isimo sesikhumulo sezindiza sasingaziwa. Enye yezindiza, ekuqaleni eyayihlelelwe ukuba isheshise umbani, ngaphandle kokucisha izinjini ngemva kokufika, ihlolwe ngokoqobo, okungahle kuhlele ezinye izimo kunabahleli, futhi indiza kwakudingeka ilinde amahora amabili.
Njengomthetho, lapho befika esikhumulweni sezindiza okuyiwa kuso, abantu kanye nemishini ebalulekile yenxusa bathathwa futhi babuyiselwa ezweni ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Isikhathi sasibalulekile lapha, futhi wonke umsebenzi wenziwa phakathi nezinsuku ezintathu, indiza eyodwa nabasebenzi ababili bendiza ngokushintshana. Inxusa lasuswa eLibya ngo-Agasti 1, 2014 ngokubamba iqhaza kwezindiza ezimbili ze-C-130, futhi ngaphezu kwamaPoles, izakhamuzi zaseSlovakia naseLithuania zagibela indiza.
Kamuva, njengaseLibya, abakwaC-130 baphinde bahamba bayohlenga izisebenzi zasePoland, kulokhu zilibangise e-Iraq. NgoSepthemba 2014, izisebenzi ezimbili zezokuthutha ezivela e-Powidz zakhipha abasebenzi bendawo kanye nemishini ebalulekile phakathi nezinsuku ezintathu, beqeda imisebenzi emine. I-C-130s yasuka ngesicelo esiphuthumayo seHhovisi Lezangaphandle futhi wonke umsebenzi uthathe ingqikithi yamahora angama-64 emoyeni.
Amasokhethi e-C-130 nawo ngezinye izikhathi ahlotshaniswa nezimo ezingajabulisi kangako. NgoNovemba wonyaka odlule, ngobusuku obubodwa, kwafika umyalo wokuba sihambe siye eTehran esigungwini sombutho wezempi wasePoland wenxusa lethu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngesikhathi kukhishwa amaPoles eDonbass, i-S-130, ngenxa yomthamo wayo omkhulu wokuthwala, yasetshenziselwa ukuthutha impahla yabantu abanquma ukubalekela indawo eyingozi baye ePoland.
Njengamanje sisempambana-mgwaqo, ngakho-ke izinqumo eziwujuqu, ezicatshangelwayo nezesikhathi eside mayelana nekusasa lendiza yezokuthutha emaphakathi embuthweni wezempi wasePoland ziba isidingo.
Omunye umsebenzi ongavamile owenziwa yi-S-130 ukuzivocavoca okuhlangene okunamandla akhethekile, lapho amasosha enza khona ukugxuma okuphakeme kakhulu esebenzisa i-oxygen. I-Hercules ukuphela kwenkundla emabuthweni ethu ahlomile evumela lolu hlobo lokusebenza.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, ama-C-130 nawo asetshenziselwa ukuthutha iziboshwa, ikakhulukazi ezivela e-UK. Esimeni esinjalo, inani elifanayo leziboshwa namaphoyisa agibela endizeni ukuze anikeze ukuvikeleka kulo lonke uhambo lwendiza, ngoba iziboshwa azikwazi ukuboshwa ozankosi phakathi nendiza. Lezi zithunywa ziyathakazelisa ngoba ukuhlala kwenzeka endaweni edumile yaseBiggin Hill, lapho ungahlangana khona nezindiza kusukela esikhathini sazo kuze kube namuhla.
I-Hercules yayiphinde isetshenziselwe ukuthutha impahla engajwayelekile njengethangi lomlando i-Renault FT-17 elitholwe e-Afghanistan noma i-Caudron CR-714 Cyclone fighter jet evela eFinland (zombili okwakuyizimoto zamasosha ezazisetshenziswa amaPoles).
Izindiza kanye nabasebenzi nabo sebekulungele ukwenza imisebenzi ephuthumayo yokusiza abantu, njengoba kwenzeka ngo-Agasti 2014, lapho iziphathimandla zethu, njengezwe lesithathu ngemuva kwe-US ne-UK, zithumela usizo e-Iraq ikakhulukazi ngezingubo zokulala, omatilasi, ikamu. imibhede, izinto zosizo lokuqala kanye nokudla, okwabe sekulethwa ngendiza enophephela emhlane emagcekeni amaKhrestu kanye namaYezidis anqanyulwe ama-Islamists.
