Izincazelo zezinhlamvu nezinombolo zokushintshwa kwegiya okuzenzakalelayo

Ukuhlaziya "PRNDL" nazo zonke izinhlobo zayo, okuhlanganisa izindlela D1, D2 kanye D3.

Wake wazibuza ukuthi lezo zinhlamvu zimeleni kumshini wokushintshashintsha ozenzakalelayo? Awu, awuwedwa. Izimoto ezishintshayo ezizishintshayo ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-10 zithengiswa minyaka yonke e-United States kuphela. I-automatic transmission iyisistimu enokwethenjelwa eqhutshwa ngama-hydraulically edlulisa amandla esuka enjinini iye emasondweni okushayela. Uhlamvu ngalunye noma inombolo ephrintwe kusishintshi sokudlulisa imele indawo ehlukile noma umsebenzi wokudlulisela. Ake singene encazelweni yokugudluka okuzenzakalelayo ukuze uqonde ukuthi uhlamvu ngalunye noma inombolo isho ukuthini.

Sethula i-PRINDLE

Izimoto eziningi zase-US kanye nezimoto ezizishintshayo ezingenisiwe zinochungechunge lwezinhlamvu ezifika ku-PRNDL. Uma uwasho, abizwa ngokuthi "Prindle" ngefonetiki. Lokhu empeleni yilokho onjiniyela abaningi abakubiza ngokuthi ukucushwa kwe-automatic shift, ngakho-ke yitemu lobuchwepheshe. Uhlamvu ngalunye lumele ukulungiselelwa okukodwa kokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo. Kuye ngohlobo lwemoto yakho, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ubone uhlamvu "M" noma uchungechunge lwezinombolo - mhlawumbe 1 kuya ku-3. Ukuze senze kube lula, sizohlukanisa uhlamvu ngalunye olutholakala kuma-automatic amaningi.

Imele ini i-P kumshini ozishintshayo?

Izinhlamvu ezikumshini ozishintshayo zivame ukuchazwa njengokuthi "igiya", kodwa lokhu kuyadukisa kancane. Empeleni isilungiselelo sokwenza kusebenze. Amagiya angaphakathi kwi-automatic transmission ashintshwa nge-hydraulically futhi akwazi ukusuka kumajubane amathathu ukuya kwayisishiyagalolunye uma kufakwe "igiya".

Uhlamvu "P" emshinini ozishintshayo umele imodi PARK. Lapho i-shift lever isendaweni yepaki, "amagiya" okudlulisela avaliwe, ukuvimbela amasondo ukuthi aphendukele phambili noma emuva. Abantu abaningi basebenzisa indawo yepaki njengebhuleki, okuyinhloso enkulu yalesi silungiselelo sokudlulisa. Kodwa-ke, izimoto eziningi nazo zidinga ukuthi imoto iqalwe lapho ukuhanjiswa kuse-PARK ngezinjongo zokuphepha.

Ngabe uhlamvu R lusho ukuthini kumshini ozishintshayo?

"R" imele i-REVERSE noma igiya elikhethelwe ukushayela imoto ngokuhlehla. Uma ususa i-shift lever isuka ku-P iye ku-R, i-automatic transmission ifaka igiya elihlehlayo, elibuyisela i-shaft emuva, okwenza amasondo okushayela ajike aye kolunye uhlangothi. Awukwazi ukuqala imoto ngegiya elibuyela emuva, njengoba lokhu bekungeke kuphephe kakhulu.

Usho ukuthini uhlamvu N kumshini ozishintshayo?

I-"N" iyinkomba yokuthi ukudluliswa kwakho okuzenzakalelayo kuku-NEUTRAL noma imodi ye-spin yamahhala. Lesi silungiselelo sikhubaza i(ama)giya (phambili noma emuva) futhi sivumela amathayi ukuthi ajikeleze ngokukhululeka. Abantu abaningi abayisebenzisi i-N setting uma injini yemoto yabo ingasaqali futhi kudingeka bayiphushe noma imoto idonswe.

Imele ini i-D kumshini ozishintshayo?

"D" imele ukuthi DRIVE. Yilapho "igiya" le-automatic transmission licushwa. Njengoba ushesha, igiya le-pinion lidlulisela amandla emasondweni futhi kancane kancane lishintshe libe "kumagiya" aphezulu njengoba ama-revs enjini efika ezingeni elifiselekayo. Uma imoto isiqala ukwehla, i-automatic transmission iyashintsha iye egiyeni eliphansi. "D" ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-overdrive". Lesi isilungiselelo esiphezulu kakhulu "segiya" emshinini ozishintshayo. Leli giya lisetshenziswa emigwaqweni yezimoto noma uma imoto ihamba ngesivinini esifanayo ohambweni olude.

Uma ukushintshwa kwakho okuzenzakalelayo kunochungechunge lwezinombolo ngemva kuka-"D", lezi izilungiselelo zegiya eliya phambili, lapho u-1 esho igiya eliphansi kanye nezinombolo eziphakeme zimelela amagiya aphezulu. Kungaba uma igiya lakho elivamile elingu-D lingasebenzi nalapho ushayela ukhuphuka wehla amagquma ukuze unikeze ukubhuleka kwenjini okuqinile.

• I-D1: Yandisa i-torque lapho ushayela endaweni enzima njengodaka noma isihlabathi.
• I-D2: Isiza imoto lapho ikhuphuka umqansi, njengasemgwaqeni onamagquma, noma inikeza injini ukusheshisa, okufana nomsebenzi wayo ekuhanjisweni okwenziwa mathupha.
• I-D3: Esikhundleni salokho, kwesinye isikhathi iboniswa njengenkinobho ye-OD (i-overdrive), i-D3 ivuselela injini ukuze idlule kahle. I-overdrive ratio yenza ukuthi amathayi ahambe ngokushesha kunokuphenduka kwenjini.

Ngabe uhlamvu L lusho ukuthini kumshini ozishintshayo?

Uhlamvu lokugcina olujwayelekile ku-othomathikhi luthi "L", okukhombisa ukuthi ukudluliswa kusegiyeni eliphansi. Ngezinye izikhathi uhlamvu "L" esikhundleni uhlamvu M, okusho ukuthi gearbox imodi manual. Lesi silungiselelo sivumela umshayeli ukuthi azishintshele mathupha amagiya esebenzisa ama-paddles esiteringini noma ngenye indlela (imvamisa aye kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla se-lever eshintshashintshayo). Kulabo abano-L, lesi isilungiselelo esisetshenziselwa ukugibela amagquma noma ukuzama ukuzulazula ezimweni ezimbi zomgwaqo njengokubhajwa eqhweni noma odakeni.

Ngenxa yokuthi imoto ngayinye eshintshashintshayo ihlukile, ezinye zizoba nezinhlamvu ezihlukene noma izinombolo eziphrintwe ku-shift lever. Kungumqondo omuhle ukufunda futhi ubuyekeze imanuwali yomnikazi wemoto yakho (evame ukutholakala endaweni yamagilavu) ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi usebenzisa isethingi yegiya efanele yohlelo olulungile.