Incazelo yezimpawu kudeshibhodi yemoto: ukubukeka nokuhumusha
Okuqukethwe
Umbala obomvu wezimpawu kuphaneli yemoto uhlale uyi-alamu. Ukubona, kuyadingeka ukuyeka ukunyakaza futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuwohloka okukhulu noma ingozi kungenzeka.
Kanye ngemuva kwesondo lemoto angayazi, umshayeli uvame ukuthola izithonjana kuphaneli yemoto, igama layo elingacacile kuye. Isamba senani lezinhlamvu ezingatholakala lifinyelela emakhulwini amabili. Ake sizame ukuzibona.
Yiziphi izithonjana futhi zibonisani
Noma iyiphi imoto iyithuluzi lobuchwepheshe eliyinkimbinkimbi elihlanganisa izinhlelo eziningi. Iningi labo ngandlela-thile lidinga impendulo evela kumshayeli, lapho banezinkomba.
Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe sebuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ukulawula ngogesi sekuyinto evamile. Inqwaba yezinzwa idlulisela amasignali kukhompuyutha esebhodini. Enkathini yezinhlelo zikagesi ze-analog, abaklami bezimoto bazivumela ukuba bakhe izibani ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili kudeshibhodi ukuze zingayishintshi ibe uhlobo lwe-cockpit yendiza. Esizukulwaneni sedijithali, iphaneli yanoma iyiphi imoto yesimanje ingabamba izithonjana ezimbalwa ezihlukene.
Izithonjana ezivame kakhulu kudeshibhodi yemoto ziboniswa kumdwebo.
Izinkomba Ezinkulu Zephutha
Nali isethi eyisisekelo yezinhlelo ezisemishinini eminingi.
Ukucacisa izinkomba zedeshibhodi
Kunezimboni zezimoto ezifundazweni eziningi emhlabeni. Nakuba lingekho indinganiso eyodwa eqinile yokumaka imibhalo nezimpawu zolwazi, abakhiqizi bazama ukuwenza afane ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kusiza ukuqonda incazelo yezimpawu ezikudeshibhodi yemoto, ngisho nemoto yaseJapane, ngaphandle kokubheka incwadi yeziqondiso.
Izinkomba zedeshibhodi yemoto
Uma ukuqokwa kwezimpawu kuphaneli emotweni kuhlala kungacacile, umbala wophawu usiza ukufeza iziphetho ezithile. Phela, akuzona zonke izinkomba ezivuthayo phambi kwamehlo akho ezibonisa ukuwohloka okukhulu. Iningi liyizixwayiso. Bamane babonise ukuthi uhlelo oluthile luvuliwe futhi lusebenza kahle.
Izinkomba ezibomvu
Umbala obomvu wezimpawu kuphaneli yemoto uhlale uyi-alamu. Ukubona, kuyadingeka ukuyeka ukunyakaza futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuwohloka okukhulu noma ingozi kungenzeka.
Zonke izithonjana ezibomvu zingahlukaniswa ngokwezigaba ezimbili:
- ukungasebenzi kahle okubucayi, kuze kube yilapho ukuqedwa kwenqatshelwe ukuqhubeka;
- ulwazi olubalulekile lomshayeli oludinga ukungenelela okuphuthumayo, kodwa aluholeli ekulungiseni.
Iqembu lesibili lihlanganisa izithonjana ezibomvu kuphaneli yemoto, okubonisa inkinga ebalulekile okufanele ilungiswe ngaphambi kokushayela ngokuqhubekayo:
- No. 30 (uphawu lwegalaji) - izinga likaphethiloli lingaphansi kophawu olubekiwe;
- No. 47 - ihood yemoto ivuliwe;
- No. 64 - isivalo se-trunk asivaliwe;
- No. 28 - iminyango ye-salon ayivaliwe;
- No. 21 - amabhande esihlalo awaboshiwe;
- No. 37 (incwadi P embuthanweni) - i-brake yokupaka isetshenziswa.
Ezinye izimpawu ezibomvu zikhanya kuphaneli yezinsimbi uma umshini uhlome ngesistimu noma inzwa efanele. Lokhu ukwehla okuyingozi kwebanga emgwaqeni (No. 49), ukwehluleka kwe-air suspension (No. 54), ukukhiya ikholomu yokuqondisa (No. 56), ukhiye we-electronic uyadingeka (No. 11), nabanye abanye.
Izinkomba eziphuzi
Umbala ophuzi noma osawolintshi (okungavamile ukuba mhlophe) unegama lezithonjana kuphaneli yemoto yemvelo eyisixwayiso. Lezi zimpawu azidingi ukuthi umshayeli amise ngokushesha ukushayela futhi alungise imbangela, kodwa akhombisa ukuba khona kohlobo oluthile lwenkinga.
Futhi, inkomba enjalo yokukhanya isetshenziswa ezinkinobho noma okhiye ukukhombisa ukuthi ziyasebenza. Kunezimpawu eziphuzi kakhulu kunezinye ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zamadivayisi afakwe inkomba.Nazi nje ezivame kakhulu kuzo (zitholakala nasezimotweni zasekhaya):
- No. 5 - amalambu enkungu angaphambili avuliwe;
- No. 8 - amalambu enkungu angemuva avuliwe;
- No. 57 - i-heater yefasitela yangemuva iyasebenza;
- No. 19 (isibabazo ngaphakathi kwegiya) - kunezinkinga ku-gearbox;
- No. 20 - umfutho wesondo ungaphansi kokujwayelekile.
Hlola injini inkomba
Ngokwehlukana, kukhona ibheji eliphuzi elinguNombolo 59, elibonisa ngokunemibandela amakhonco enjini. Kwesinye isikhathi umbhalo othi CHECK usetshenziswa kuyo noma kusetshenziswa igama elithi HLOLA INJINI. Lena isignali engasebenzi kahle evela ohlelweni lokuphatha injini ye-elekthronikhi (ikhompyutha esebhodini). Ixwayisa ngokuthi kunezinkinga, injini isebenza ngemodi engeyona elungile (amandla amancane, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuningi). Kudingeka ukuxilonga isevisi.
Izinkomba eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Incazelo yezimpawu ezikudeshibhodi yemoto, ezikhanyiswe ngokuluhlaza noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iwukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwamasistimu. Ukuzibona, ungaqhubekela phambili ngokuzethemba:
- No. 7 - izibani ezikhanyayo eziphansi zivuliwe;
- No. 4 - imodi ye-beam ephezulu;
- No. 15 (isibani) - "ubukhulu".
Ezinye izimpawu zincike ezintweni zomshini.
Izinkomba Ezinkulu Zephutha
Izithonjana ezisephanelini emshinini, ezibika ukuwohloka okuyingozi kakhulu, zihlala zibomvu. Uma uzibona zivutha, kufanele ume ngokushesha futhi uvale injini, njengoba ukuqhubeka nokusebenza kwemoto akunconywa.
Le milayezo ihlanganisa:
- No. 63 (ifana neketela nge-spout ngakwesokudla) - ukwehla okuyingozi kokucindezela kwamafutha enjini ngenxa yokuncipha kwezinga layo noma ukuwohloka kwesistimu yokugcoba;
- No. 1 (unxande one-plus kanye ne-minus emele ibhethri) - akukho ukushajwa kwebhethri ngenxa yokuwohloka kwejeneretha, ibhethri ngokwayo noma inethiwekhi kagesi yomshini;
- No. 18 (umbuthano onophawu lwesibabazo ngaphakathi, ombozwe ngama-arcs avela ezinhlangothini) - ukungasebenzi kahle kwamabhuleki noma uketshezi oluncane lwebhuleki;
- No. 43 (uphawu lwe-thermometer ecwiliswe emanzini) - ukushisa okweqile kwesipholile, izinga lokushisa lenjini likhuphuke ngokuyingozi.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezimpawu zemoto kadizili kwekaphethiloli
Izithonjana ezisephaneli yezinsimbi zemoto enenjini kadizili, ngenxa yokucaciswa kwedivayisi yayo, zizoba ezikhethekile.
Izinkomba kudeshibhodi yemoto kadizili
Izinjini zalezi zimoto zifakwe ama-glow plugs anesibopho sokuqalwa kwamakhaza. Imikhiqizo evuthayo kaphethiloli kadizili idinga ukuphinde icwengwe ukuze ihlangabezane nemithetho eqinile yezemvelo. Ngakho-ke, idivaysi ye-exhaust tract kubo ihluke ezimotweni zikaphethiloli ezihlungi ezengeziwe kanye nama-catalysts.
Izithonjana ezixwayisa ngokufakwa kwalawa mayunithi nezinkinga ekusebenzeni:
- Inombolo ye-40 (i-spiral emhlophe noma ephuzi) - ama-plugs akhanyayo asebenza;
- No. 2 (unxande onamachashazi ngaphakathi) - inkomba yokungcoliswa kwesihlungi sezinhlayiya;
- No. 26 (drop in the pipe) - uhlelo lwamafutha ludinga ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi.
Isethi eyinhloko yezinye izinkomba ezimotweni ezisebenzisa uphethiloli noma udizili azifani.
