I-liquid noma i-gaseous methane, engcono futhi kungani

Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-gaseous kanye ne-liquid methane kuya ngokuya kufaneleka kakhulu emhlabeni wezimoto. ezentengiselwano nezimbonilapho zombili izinhlobo zokunikezwa kwamandla zikhona, noma ngabe uketshezi okwamanje lugcinelwe izimoto ezisindayo, okuthi kwezinye izimo, ngokwesibonelo ku-Iveco Stralis, zinikeze okukodwa noma okunye, noma kusasele zombili izixazululo. Kodwa yiziphi izici zabo?

Ngokwemvelo i-KKE

I-Methane isesimweni segesi, ekhonjiswa ngama-initials CNG (igesi yemvelo ecindezelwe), sekuyisikhathi eside isetshenziswa embonini yezimoto: ha izinzuzo ezinkulu njengevelu elihle kakhulu lokushisisa, ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izibaseli e izindleko eziphansi, futhi ayidingi izinto zokuhamba ukuze ifike egalaji likaphethiloli, ifika lapho ngamapayipi.

I-Liquid methane noma i-LNG

I-Liquid Methane, isifinyezo I-SPG (igesi yemvelo ewuketshezi), i-methane inqubo ethile uketshezi okwenzeka lapho sicindezelwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu (-161 °). Lokhu kuguqulwa kwenza kube ngaphezulu kulula ukuthutha emabangeni amade, cabanga nje lokho nge Ama-600 amalitha Ilitha elilodwa kuphela le-LPG elakhiwe ngegesi ye-methane, emele ukugcwala okukhulu kwamandla endaweni encane.

I-methane ewuketshezi kungenzeka thwala ezindaweni lapho amapayipi angafinyeleleki khona, ikakhulukazi olwandle, kodwa nasemhlabeni, bese angabuyiselwa esimweni sokugasa (ukugaywa kabusha) ukusatshalaliswa kumanethiwekhi wesevisi.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto

Igesi ye-methane kade yaba yinkosana ezinye izinto zokubasa: ingavamile kakhulu kunegesi ye-petroleum ewuketshezi (etholakala ku-petroleum noma kunjalo futhi inenzuzo encane kwezemvelo), kodwa isithole ukwamukelwa okukhulayo ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa izindleko eziphansi kanye nokukhishwa kwesisi esiphansi, okokuqala ezimotweni ezizimele bese kancane kancane ezimotweni ezilula, eziphakathi nendawo nezisindayo, nazo ezizuzayo ezimotweni eziphezulu. umsindo izinjini.

Nokho, muva nje, ikakhulukazi ama-sui esindayoI-liquid methane ithola indawo eyandayo, okuthi ngenxa yesimo sayo esigxile kakhulu, ivumele ukuzimela kwezimoto ukuthi kucishe kuphindeke kabili kune-gaseous methane, eneziqongo ezisuka ku-1.100 kuya ku-1.600 km, okuzenza ibe enye indlela esebenza kangcono kunodizili ezimotweni ezihlosiwe. ngebanga elide.

Hlanza, ngempela, ihlanzeke kakhulu

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhishwa kwenjini ye-diesel i-nitrogen dioxide (NO2) i-methane iphansi kune 90% kuyilapho izinhlayiya zezinhlayiya eziqinile zilingana noziro, okwenza kube lula i amasistimu wokuqeda kanye nokuhlanzwa kwegesi, kuqeda isidingo izithasiselo futhi kunciphisa isidingo sokunakekelwa. Ngoba CO2, kuyo yonke inqubo "kusuka emthonjeni kuya eqondisweni", okungukuthi, kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuya ekusetshenzisweni kokugcina, kuncipha 10-15% uma i-methane evela ku-“fossil” isetshenziswa futhi ingancishiswa ngo-95% ku-biomethane.

Izinzuzo ezijwayelekile kanye nokubi

Phakathi kwezinzuzo zegesi kuzo zombili izinhlobo: Intengo empompini, ecishe ifane: ikhilogremu eyodwa ye-methane ewuketshezi noma yegesi inikeza ibanga elifana nelitha likaphethiloli wedizili (elingaphansi kuka-4 km ezimotweni zekilasi lika-12-18 t), kodwa libiza cishe ngaphandle kwe-VAT 50 amasenti ngaphansi... Kodwa-ke, okwamanje ukonga kuphela kuphethiloli, ngoba amamodeli wegesi asamile, njenge 50% kuya ku-90% ngaphezu kwenjini kadizili enamandla afanayo.

Inethiwekhi ekwenzeni

Inkinga enkulu isalokhu iyinethiwekhi ukusatshalaliswa, eyenzelwe igesi ngisho nalapho ingekho i-capillary, e-Italy, lapho iningi lamafekthri lisagxile izifunda eziningana ezifana Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany, Veneto, Lombardy.

I-Liquid, esanda kuvela embonini yezimoto, manje isidume kakhulu. ababencishwe amathuba mayelana nokujikeleza, noma ngabe eminyakeni yamuva isivele ikhule kakhulu: cabanga, isitshalo sokuqala savulwa 2014 futhi namuhla ziyasebenza 63 nezinye ezingamashumi amane zisakhiwa.