Ukushaja ibhethri ngesilungisisi. Ungashajwa kanjani ibhethri ngokuphepha?

Ibhethri lihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Isilinganiso sempilo yamabhethri emoto yiminyaka engu-3-5. Lesi sikhathi singaba sifushane noma sibe side kuye ngokuthi: 

• izinga lebhethri (ngakho-ke intengo yalo);
• ukuqina kokusetshenziswa kwayo (isibonelo, ukuba khona kwesistimu yokumisa imoto emotweni);
• imvamisa kanye nobude besikhathi sokuphumula;
• inombolo yemijikelezo yokushaja.

Ukukhishwa okuphelele kanye nokuqala kwemoto kaningi izintambo zokuxhuma kanye nokushaja ibhethri ngesilungisisi, kuba lula ukuylimaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulapho ukusebenza okuphelele kwebhethri kuncipha futhi ngaleyo ndlela…. isidingo sokushajwa kabusha ibhethri le-AGM sivela kaningi. Lokhu akulona iphutha lokukhiqiza, kodwa inkambo yemvelo yezinto. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi ibhethri akumele livunyelwe ukuphumela ku-zero.

Kungani ibhethri liphela kuqanda?

Kukhona okungenani amathuba ambalwa. Ukukhishwa okuphelele kwebhethri kungenzeka ngenxa yokugadwa umshayeli, kodwa futhi kungabangelwa ukwehluleka kwebhethri.

Ukukhishwa kwebhethri ngenxa yezizathu ezenziwe umuntu

Ikaningi ithonywa yisici somuntu, okungukuthi:

• shiya izibani zangaphambili noma izibani zangaphakathi zikhanya ubusuku bonke;
• isitobhi eside semoto enomsakazo;
• ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kukagesi ebusika (ukushisa, izibuko ezishisayo noma izihlalo).

Ukukhishwa kwebhethri ngezizathu ezingaphezu kwamandla omuntu

Futhi yini engaholela ekuphumeni kwebhethri okuzenzakalelayo, lapho umshayeli engenalo ithonya? Okokuqala nje:

• izinga lokushisa eliphansi lomoya - ubusika yisikhathi lapho ngokuvamile kudingekile ukushaja ibhethri. Le nqubo, yiqiniso, iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa ngamafuphi, izinga lokushisa eliphansi liphazamisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwebhethri. Ukubanda kunciphisa ukugeleza kwe-electrolyte phakathi kwama-electrode, okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwebhethri, eqala ukukhipha kancane kancane:
• ku-0 degrees Celsius, ukusebenza kahle kuncishiswa cishe ngo-20%;
• at -10 degrees Celsius, ukusebenza kahle kuncishiswa cishe 30%;
• at -20 degrees Celsius, ukusebenza kahle kuncishiswa cishe 50%.

Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi, kungenzeka ukuthi ibhethri izofa ngokuphelele - ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Imoto ibe isima isikhathi eside ingenzi lutho, futhi amakhaza yiwona anzima kakhulu;

• umonakalo ku-generator - isibonelo, isifunda esifushane, ngenxa yalokho okungenakwenzeka ukushaja ibhethri;
• ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri yemvelo.

Kunezizathu eziningi ezingaba khona zokuthi iseli likhutshazwe. Kufanele ulungele iqiniso lokuthi ngolunye usuku ungase udinge ukuyishaja futhi ulungiselele lokhu kusenesikhathi.

Ukushaja ibhethri ngesilungisa kabusha - iyiphi ishaja ongayikhetha?

Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule umbuzo wokuthi ungashaja kanjani ibhethri lemoto, sizokutshela ukuthi iyiphi ishaja okufanele uyikhethe. Ngaphandle kwalo, lo msebenzi ngeke uphumelele ... Uma kungcono ukuhlanganiswa nebhethri, kuyoba okuphephile ukushaja ibhethri. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokulungisa kabusha emakethe, ngakho-ke kunokuningi ongakhetha kukho.

1. I-Microprocessor (okuzenzakalelayo) - ikuvumela ukuthi ushaje ibhethri ngaphandle kokukhipha ibhethri emotweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyithuluzi "elihlakaniphile". Bashaja iseli kuphela ezingeni eliphephile bese begcina ibhethri likulelo zinga. Zivikela ekukhishweni okuphelele. Uma ugesi wehla, ishaja yemoto izoqala kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushaja ibhethri.
2. I-Pulse - hlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu okushaja ibhethri, amancane futhi alula. Bahlala behlola i-voltage yokushaja, ngakho-ke abukho ubungozi bokushaja ibhethri ngokweqile. Bakhombisa ukusebenza okuphezulu.
3. I-Transformer (ejwayelekile) - idizayini eshibhile, elula, engenawo ama-elekthronikhi nanoma yisiphi isivikelo (isibonelo, emonakalweni ngesikhathi sesifunda esifushane). Izinga lokukhokhiswa alihloliwe, zidinga ukuzithiba.

Indlela yokushaja ngokuphepha ibhethri lemoto? Hlola!

Kungase kubonakale sengathi ukushaja ibhethri kuwumsebenzi ongadingi ukunakwa okukhethekile. Akulona iqiniso. Uma kufanele siphendule umbuzo wendlela yokugcwalisa ibhethri ngegama elilodwa, khona-ke kungaba - ngokucophelela! Kusho ukuthini lokhu ngokwenza? Okokuqala, qaphela ngokukhethekile indawo okuzungezile futhi ubheke inkomba. Ngisho nomthombo omncane wokushisa ungabangela ukuqhuma okuyingozi. Ngesikhathi sokushaja, ibhethri likhipha i-hydrogen evuthayo neqhumayo. Ukubhema ugwayi eduze nendawo lapho ushajwa khona kabusha ibhethri kungaphetha ngenhlekelele.

Indlela yokushajwa kabusha ibhethri? Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo

Ukukhathazeka kwezokuphepha kusele ngemuva. Manje sesingadlulela encazelweni yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sendlela yokushaja noma ukushajwa ngokugcwele ibhethri elingalungiswa.

1. Gqoka amagilavu ​​okuzivikela kanye nezibuko - i-electrolyte ehambisa amandla ngaphakathi kwebhethri iqukethe i-sulfuric acid. I-caustic kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele uzivikele ngokuphelele uma uthinta le nto.
2. Uma kwenzeka, qinisa ibhuleki lesandla bese ukhipha okhiye ekuthumbeni. Ngomqondo ibhethri liphumile, noma kunjalo, njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ungashaja kanjani ibhethri - qaphela!
3. Nqamula i-clamp e-negative (emnyama noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) ngokukhulula i-clamp yayo ngesikrufu. Khumbula njalo ukuqala ngokuthi kunegethivu lapho unqamula ibhethri. Ukuhleleka okuphambene kungenye isimo lapho ukuqhuma kungenzeka khona. Khona-ke kwanele ukuthi uthinte ukhiye ngephutha nomzimba ngesikhathi sokukhipha i-clamp enhle ukuze kuvele izinhlansi. Ngakho-ke, siyaphinda: njalo susa kuqala! Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuzayo uma uxhuma ibhethri, yenza okuphambene. Ukukhipha ibhethri emotweni = ukuphela kwe-negative, ukwengeza ibhethri emotweni = itheminali evumayo.
4. Nqamula i-clamp eqondile (ebomvu) - khulula i-clamp nge-wrench.
5. Susa zonke ezinye izinsimbi - khulula izikulufu, susa izibambo.
6. Qinisekisa ukuthi zonke zinqanyuliwe, bese ukhipha ibhethri. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi kuzodingeka uphakamise kuze kufike ku-20 kg!
7. Uma unebhethri elihle, gcwalisa izinga le-electrolyte uma kunesidingo.

Indlela yokuxhuma ishaja yemoto?

Impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ibhethri ishajwa kanjani ngeke iphelele uma singachazi indlela yokuxhuma ishaja. Lona akuwona umsebenzi onzima, kodwa udinga izinyathelo ezimbalwa:

• ama-pluses okuqala - xhuma i-positive (ebomvu) "isiqephu sengwenya" kutheminali yebhethri enhle (ebomvu);
• bese ukhipha - khipha (okumnyama noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) “isiqeshana sengwenya” xhuma esigxotsheni sokususa (esimnyama noma esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) sebhethri.
• xhuma ishaja emthonjeni wamandla;
• khetha imodi yokushaja ku-rectifier - mhlawumbe uyazibuza okwamanje ukuthi iyiphi yamanje ongashaja ngayo ibhethri? Konke kuncike kwibhethri, futhi uzothola imininingwane enemininingwane emiyalweni. Endabeni yamabhethri e-asidi, umthetho ojwayelekile ukuthi owamanje akufanele ube ngaphezu kwe-1/10 yomthamo webhethri. Ngakho-ke uma umthamo webhethri ungu-50 Ah (okuvamile kakhulu), khona-ke amandla amanje kufanele abe umkhawulo we-5 A. Uma uphakeme, isikhathi sokushaja sifushane, kodwa sibi kakhulu sithinta impilo yebhethri. Ukushaja ibhethri ngokuphepha, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa amandla aphansi kakhulu;
• linda cishe imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokunqamula izintambo ebhethrini, ngaphandle kwalokho amagesi aphuma ngesikhathi sokushajwa kwebhethri angadala izinhlansi.

Ukushaja Ibhethri - Isikhathi

Akunakwenzeka ukunikeza impendulo ecacile embuzweni wokuthi kungakanani ukushaja ibhethri. Isikhathi ngokuyinhloko sinqunywa isimo saso (izinga lokukhipha), uhlobo lokulungisa (okujwayelekile noma i-microprocessor) namandla amanje. Ukuzama ukuphendula umbuzo wokuthi kungakanani ukushaja ibhethri, ungacacisa isilinganiso samahora angu-10-12. Naka izinga lokushisa lebhethri, okungafanele lidlule ku-45 degrees Celsius.

Siphinde sasho ukuncika okuhlobene namandla wamanje. Amanani aphansi, njenge-2A, anganweba isikhathi sokushaja sifike emahoreni angu-20, kodwa ngokuqinisekile awanayo ingozi yokulimaza ibhethri. Kodwa-ke, yonke imininingwane kufanele ifakwe emiyalweni futhi kungcono ukuyilandela.

Ungashaja kanjani ibhethri ngokushesha?

Uma unendaba nesikhathi sokushaja kwebhethri esisheshayo, thola isilungisi se-microprocessor esisekelwe. Iwenza umsebenzi wawo ngokushesha nangokuphepha, futhi ngenxa yokuqina kwamandla kagesi futhi ngaleyo ndlela ivikele ekushajweni ngokweqile. Ishaja ishaja ibhethri ezingeni eliphezulu eliphephile, isb. 14,4 V, futhi ngemva kwamahora angu-2 ingena kumodi "yokusekela".

Ukushaja Ibhethri - Inothi Leshaja

Endabeni yesilungisi esilungisekayo, kufanele uqaphe ngokuzimela izinga lokushaja. Ibhethri ngalinye lifakwe inaliti ye-ammeter. Ngokuvamile kukholakala ukuthi uma umcibisholo eshaja ukhomba ku-0, ibhethri ishajwe ngokugcwele. Kodwa lena akuyona ukuphela kwendlela yokuhlola isimo senkokhelo.

Ibhethri lishajwa nini?

Ukuze uthole isimo sokushajwa kwebhethri, qala ulinganise i-voltage yayo lapho iphumule. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga imitha ye-voltage (ungayi-oda ku-inthanethi noma uyithenge esitolo sezimoto ngama-euro angu-2 kuphela, owaziwa nangokuthi imitha yebhethri). Ingakanani inani elizobonwa umsebenzisi wemoto uma ibhethri lishajwa? Izosuka ku-12V iye ku-14,4V. Amanani aphansi asho ukuthi ibhethri lisadinga ukushajwa kabusha.

Isinyathelo sesibili ukukala i-voltage nge-multimeter lapho uqala injini. Uma isibonisi sibonisa inani elingaphansi kuka-10 V, lokhu kusho ukuthi ibhethri idinga ukushajwa.

Ukushaja ibhethri akunzima, kodwa kudinga isikhathi nempahla eyisisekelo. Izibuko zokuvikela namagilavu, i-voltmeter, neshaja kuyizinto ezincane ezidingekayo zokushaja ibhethri lakho ngendlela efanele.