Gcwalisa imoto

Sesinezimoto zegesi ezingaba yizigidi ezi-2 ePoland. Ukwenyuka kwentengo kaphethiloli kuqinisekisa ukwanda kwabashayeli ukuthi basebenzise lo mafutha.

Akekho umuntu omangala ngokugcwalisa iBMW noma iJaguar ngegesi eliwuketshezi egalaji likaphethiloli. Yebo, wonke umuntu uyazi ukubala, futhi ngokuthulula i-propane-butane, sishiya ingxenye yemali kukhawunta kunalapho sifaka i-refueling nge-ethylene.

I-LPG imele i-Liquefied Petroleum Gas. Isilinganiso se-propane ne-butane enhlanganisweni sincike enkathini yonyaka ngokuhlinzeka ngomfutho we-vapor ofanele (okuncike ekushiseni okuzungezile) - ebusika (November 1 - March 31) ePoland ingxube ene-propane ephezulu esetshenzisiwe, futhi ehlobo isilinganiso siyingxenye.

Inzuzo ephawuleka kakhulu ye-LPG inani - kanti ilitha likaphethiloli libiza cishe i-PLN 4,30, ilitha legesi eligcwaliswe emotweni libiza cishe i-PLN 2,02. "Kungumkhiqizo wokucwenga uwoyela ongahluziwe," kusho uSylvia Poplawska we-Coalition for Autogas. – Ngakho-ke, uwoyela ongahluziwe obiza kakhulu, intengo kaphethiloli iyanda eziteshini. Ngenhlanhla, lokhu akulona ushintsho olukhulu kangaka uma kuqhathaniswa amanani kaphethiloli - lapho i-ethylene ikhuphuka ngentengo ngamapeni ayishumi nambili noma amabili, igesi eliwuketshezi ngabambalwa. I-Propane-butane inguphethiloli wesizini. Ngesikhathi sokushisa, intengo yayo ivame ukukhuphuka cishe ngo-10%.

Igesi inguphethiloli ongayingcolisi imvelo kunophethiloli - iyinhlanganisela yekhabhoni ne-hydrogen ngaphandle kokunye ukungcola. Idala ingxube ye-air-fuel elinganayo futhi ishe ngokuphelele noma ngabe injini ibanda. Amagesi e-exhaust ahlanzekile kunophethiloli - ingxenye yawo eyinhloko yi-carbon dioxide, awukho umthofu, ama-nitrogen oxides nesibabule. Injini ithule kakhudlwana ngoba igesi ayinakho ukuvutha kwe-detonation.

Kukhona nokubi

Imoto ekugesi iyancipha kancane. Lo mphumela awutholakali kuphela ezinhlelweni zesimanje zokujova igesi. Injini inezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza, okuholela ekushintshweni kwe-cylinder head gasket ngokushesha. Udinga futhi indawo ye-tank - ngakho-ke i-trunk izoba mncane, futhi uma, ngokwesibonelo, esikhundleni sesondo eliyisipele, kuzodingeka lifihlwe endaweni ethile.

Uma uhamba phesheya, ungakhohlwa ukuthatha ama-adaptha okugcwalisa akhethekile nawe, isibonelo, eJalimane, eNetherlands, eBelgium, e-UK nakwamanye amazwe aseScandinavia, lapho ama-infusions anobubanzi obuhlukene.

Umthengi wemoto enokufakwa kwegesi kufanele acele umthengisi isitifiketi sokugunyazwa kwethangi - ngaphandle kwaso, ngeke akwazi ukudlula ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe bonyaka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abaqhubi bokupaka izimoto ezingaphansi komhlaba abazivumeli izimoto ezihamba ngegesi ukuba zingene. “Yebo banelungelo lakho,” kusho ukepisi. U-Witold Labajczyk, umkhulumeli womnyango wezomlilo kamasipala eWarsaw - Nokho, ngokubona kwethu, asikho isizathu esinengqondo sokuvinjelwa okunjalo.

Abanye abantu besaba ukuqhuma okungenzeka kwethangi legesi uma kwenzeka kushayisana - angikakazwa ngecala elinjalo, - kusho uMichal Grabowski wase-Auto-Gaz Centrum - Ithangi legesi lingakwazi ukumelana nokucindezela izikhathi eziningana ngaphezu kwe ingcindezi yegesi equkethe.

Amanye ama-akhawunti

Uma sinquma ukufaka ukufakwa kwegesi, ake sihlole ukuthi kuzoba umsebenzi onenzuzo ngokwezimali. Kufanele ubale izindleko zikaphethiloli osetshenziswa ngonyaka kanye nezindleko zegesi uma sihambe ngenani elifanayo lamakhilomitha (qaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwegesi ngamalitha kucishe kube ngu-10-15% ngaphezu kukaphethiloli). Umehluko "enzuzo" yethu, manje okufanele iqhathaniswe nentengo yesikhungo segesi - ngemuva kokuhlukanisa izindleko zokufakwa "ngenzuzo", sithola inani leminyaka elizoyithatha ukuze sibuyise izindleko ze imboni yegesi. ukufakwa. Lena indlela elula yokubala, ngoba futhi kufanele ukhumbule izindleko zokusebenza eziphezulu zemoto enamandla kagesi - ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe kubiza ngaphezulu (PLN 114), isihlungi esengeziwe sidinga ukushintshwa (igesi - cishe i-PLN 30) futhi iqiniso liwukuthi imoto enjalo idinga ukushintshwa njalo kwama-spark plugs nezintambo zokuthungela (okungenani kanye ngonyaka). Endabeni yezimoto ezifakwe isizukulwane esingu-1,5, kuthatha iminyaka eyi-XNUMX ukubuyisela ukufakwa.

Kodwa-ke, kuyathakazelisa ukuqhathanisa udizili nenjini esebenza ngegesi - kuvela ukuthi emotweni efana nezindleko zikaphethiloli osetshenziswa ukuhamba amakhilomitha ayi-10 ziphakeme kancane kunezindleko zegesi, ngoba udizili uvame ukonga. izinjini. Uma sicabangela zonke izindleko, kuvela ukuthi ukufakwa kokufakwa kwegesi akusizi ngalutho.

Hhayi ngezinjini zesimanje

Iyunithi yegesi ingafakwa cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenjini yokuthungela inhlansi - ezinye izindawo zokusebenzela zize ziwafake ezimotweni ezipholile emoyeni. Kodwa-ke, kukhona okuhlukile - ukunikezwa kwegesi ezinjinini ezinomjovo oqondile wamafutha kusilinda akunakwenzeka, kusho uMichal Grabowski wase-Auto-Gaz Centrum. - Lezi, isibonelo, izinjini zeVolkswagen FSI noma iToyota D4. Ezimotweni ezinjalo, ama-injection kaphethiloli azolimala - ngemuva kokuvala ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli kubo futhi ashintshele kugesi, ngeke aphole.

Ukufakwa kwegesi kungabuye kufakwe ezimotweni ezintsha ngaphandle kokuvala iwaranti. IGeneral Motors (Opel, Chevrolet) ivumela lokhu kusebenza ezingqungqutheleni zayo ezigunyaziwe. AbakwaFiat batusa izitolo ezithile zokukhanda, kanti iCitroen nePeugeot azikuvumeli ukufakwa kwegesi.

Abathengisi baphinde bathengise izimoto esezifakiwe, okuhlanganisa. Chevrolet, Hyundai, Kia.

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kokufakwa

Izinhlobo zokufaka zihlukaniswe ngokwemibandela ngezizukulwane. The elula okuthiwa. Isizukulwane sesi-XNUMX senzelwe izimoto ezine-carburetor noma umjovo kaphethiloli ngaphandle kwesiguquli esinamandla. Igesi esesimweni esiwuketshezi ingena kusinciphisi, lapho, lapho ishisiswe uketshezi oluvela ohlelweni lokupholisa, ishintsha isimo sayo sokuhlanganisa sibe yigesi. Bese ingcindezi yakhe iyehla. Ukusuka lapho, ingena ku-mixer ene-multifold-mounted mixer, elungisa umthamo wayo ngokwesidingo senjini (okungukuthi, ingeza noma inciphisa "igesi") ukuze ingxube inikeze inqubo yomlilo efanele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha okulungile. Ama-valve e-Solenoid avimba ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli noma igesi - kuye ngokukhethwa kukaphethiloli.

Ukuvula nokuvala uhlelo lwegesi kungenziwa ngesandla noma ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, inkomba yezinga legesi noma inkinobho ingafakwa ku-tank, okuphoqa ukuthi ushayele kuphela igesi noma uphethiloli. Ukufakwa okunjalo kubiza cishe i-1100-1500 zł.

Isizukulwane sesibili seyunithi yakhelwe izimoto ezinomjovo kaphethiloli kanye ne-catalytic converter. Umgomo wokusebenza uyafana nalowo wesizukulwane se-1600, ngaphandle kokuthi ifakwe i-electronics kanye nesofthiwe elawula ingxube ye-fuel-air. Uhlelo luqoqa ulwazi, kufaka phakathi uphenyo lwe-lambda, inani lokushintshwa kwenjini futhi, ngokusekelwe kukho, lilawula ukusebenza kwe-stepper motor, elawula ukunikezwa kwegesi ku-mixer ukuze izimo zomlilo kanye nokukhishwa kwe-exhaust kube kuhle ngangokunokwenzeka. . I-emulator ye-elekthronikhi ivala ukunikezwa kwamafutha kuma-injection, futhi kufanele "ikhohlise" ikhompyutha yemoto ukuze esimweni esinjalo inganqumi ukushintshela ekusebenzeni kwezinjini eziphuthumayo (noma ukuvimbela ngokuphelele ukunyakaza). Izindleko ziyi-PLN 1800-XNUMX.

Ukufakwa kwesizukulwane sesi-XNUMX kuyahluka kusukela kwese-XNUMX ngokuthi igesi inikezwa isuka kusinciphisi iye kusilinganisi bese idlulela kumsabalalisi, bese kuba injini ngayinye, ngemuva kokuphindaphindeka okuningi. Isetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinezinqwaba zepulasitiki - kwesinye isikhathi igesi etholakala ezindaweni eziningi iyavutha bese kuphuka isici sepulasitiki. Amayunithi afakwe amasistimu kagesi enza umsebenzi ofanayo nowesizukulwane sesi-XNUMX.

Izindleko zilinganiselwa ku-1800-2200 zloty ayizinkulungwane. “Lezi izitshalo ezisetshenziswa kancane kancane,” kusho uMichal Grabowski. “Ashintshwa amasistimu omjovo olandelanayo abiza kakhulu.

Kumayunithi wokukhiqiza angu-2800, igesi enwetshiwe neguqukayo evela kusinciphisi inikezwa imibhobho etholakala kusilinda ngasinye. Ikhompuyutha yegesi ithola idatha yama-injection kaphethiloli ekhompyutheni yemoto futhi iwaguqule abe imiyalo yezijovo zegesi. Igesi inikezwa kusilinda kanye kanye nophethiloli ngethamo elibalwe ngendlela efanele. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kweyunithi kulawulwa ikhompuyutha esebhodini, okusho ukuthi yonke imisebenzi yayo igcinwa (isibonelo, ukulawulwa kokwakheka kwengxube, ukuvala shaqa, njll.) Iyunithi ivula ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemuva kokufinyelelwa kwezimo ezifanele - i-coolant. izinga lokushisa, isivinini senjini, umfutho wegesi ethangini njll. Kulesi simiso, imoto igcina yonke imingcele yezobuchwepheshe (ukusheshisa, amandla, ukuvutha, njll.), futhi ukusebenza kwenjini akuhlukani nophethiloli. Kufanele ukhokhe i-PLN 4000-XNUMX ngalokhu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zesizukulwane sesi-XNUMX umjovo wegesi yesigaba esiwuketshezi, i.e. Isizukulwane sesi-XNUMX. Lapha, igesi ifakwa kumasilinda njengophethiloli, esimweni esiwuketshezi. “Lawa amayunithi abizayo futhi awadumile kakhulu,” kwengeza uGrabowski. - Umehluko ekusebenzeni kwenjini uma kuqhathaniswa nesizukulwane sesine mncane futhi akufanele ukhokhe ngokweqile.

Ikusasa le-KKE?

Ngakho-ke ingabe izimoto eziningi zizofakelwe i-LPG? Akunjalo, ngoba ukuncintisana kwe-propane-butane - CNG, i.e. igesi yemvelo ecindezelwe, esinayo kumanethiwekhi egesi. Ishibhe ngisho kunegesi ye-petroleum ewuketshezi - ilitha ibiza cishe i-PLN 1,7. Kungumkhiqizo wemvelo ngokuphelele otholakala emvelweni ngobuningi - izinsiza ezaziwayo zilinganiselwa eminyakeni eyi-100. Ngeshwa, kuneziteshi zokugcwalisa ezimbalwa kakhulu ePoland - ngaphansi kuka-20 ezweni lonke, futhi ukufakwa kubiza kakhulu - cishe ama-zloty ayizinkulungwane ezingu-5-6. Kusenezithiyo zobuchwepheshe okufanele zinqobe - ukuze ugcwalise inani elifanele legesi, kufanele licindezelwe kakhulu, elithatha isikhathi eside futhi lidinga amathangi aqinile, ngakho-ke asindayo.

Nokho, ithemba likhona - ungakwazi ukuthenga onobuhle eziningana izimoto nge CNG izinhlelo ifektri (kuhlanganise Fiat, Renault, Honda futhi Toyota), futhi e-USA kukhona idivayisi yokugcwalisa imoto egaraji lakho siqu! Ixhunywe kunethiwekhi yedolobha, ithangi lemoto ligcwala ubusuku bonke.