Ukushintshwa kwebhande lesikhathi likaLada Kalina

Le moto yaseRussia ingeyeqembu lesibili lezimoto ezincane. Abasebenzi bokukhiqiza baqala ukuklama i-Lada Kalina ngo-1993, futhi ngoNovemba 2004 yafakwa ekukhiqizeni.

Ngokocwaningo lwamakhasimende, le moto ithathe indawo yesine esilinganisweni sokuduma kwezimoto eRussia. Izinjini zale modeli ifakwe i-valve eqhutshwa ngebhande, ngakho-ke kuyoba usizo kubanikazi bale moto, kanye nakuwo wonke umuntu onentshisekelo, ukufunda indlela yokushintsha ibhande lesikhathi nge-valve ye-Lada Kalina 8. .

Injini ye-VAZ 21114

Le yunithi yamandla iyinjini ye-petroli yomjovo enevolumu yokusebenza engu-1600 cm 3. Lena inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yenjini ye-VAZ 2111. I-cylinder block iyinsimbi ephonsiwe, amasilinda amane ahlelwe ngokulandelana. Isitimela samavalvu sale njini sinamavavu ayisishiyagalombili. I-injector ivunyelwe ukuthuthukisa kakhulu amandla emoto nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli. Ngokusho kwemingcele yayo, ihambisana nezindinganiso ze-Euro-2.

Ibhande elinamazinyo lisetshenziswa ku-valve mechanism drive, enciphisa ngandlela-thile izindleko zeyunithi yamandla, kodwa idinga ukugcinwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokufika ngesikhathi kwedrayivu yesikhathi. Idizayini yekhanda le-piston ihlanganisa izindawo zokuhlala ezisusa ngokuphelele ingozi yokulimala kumshini we-valve uma ibhande lesikhathi lonakalisiwe noma lifakwe ngokungalungile. Abakhiqizi baqinisekisa isisetshenziswa semoto esingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-150, ekusebenzeni kungaba amakhilomitha angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-250.

Inqubo yokumiselela

Ukusebenza akuwona umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi ethile, akukho mishini ekhethekile edingekayo, kungenzeka ukuthi yenziwe ngezandla zomnikazi womshini. Ngokungeziwe kusethi evamile yama-wrenches, uzodinga i-screwdriver enhle ene-slotted ne-flathead. Ijekhi yemoto, isisekelo esiphansi semoto, izishoshovu zamasondo, isikrufu sokuphendula i-roller ku-tensioner.

Lapho ushintsha, ungasebenzisa noma iyiphi indawo evundlile eyisicaba lapho umshini ufakwe khona. Imiyalo yokusebenza yemoto incoma ukuthi ishintshe ibhande endaweni engamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-50, kodwa abanikazi abaningi benza lokhu ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi - cishe ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30 km.

Ukushintsha ibhande lesikhathi "Kalina 8-valve" kuzokwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• Emshinini ofakiwe, i-brake yokupaka isetshenziswa, ama-wheel chock afakwe ngaphansi kwamasondo angemuva. Amabhawudi okubopha isondo langaphambili kwesokudla adatshulwe isikrufu sebhaluni
• Ukusebenzisa i-jack, phakamisa ingaphambili lemoto ngakwesokudla, faka i-support ngaphansi kombundu womzimba, susa isondo langaphambili kulolu hlangothi.
• Vula i-bay hood yenjini njengoba kuzoba nomsebenzi omningi okufanele wenziwe.
• Ukuze uhlukanise ibhande elinamazinyo ngesikhathi, kuyadingeka ukususa i-plastic casing evikelayo, eboshwe ngama-bolts amathathu e-turnkey "10".

• Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukhipha ibhande ku-alternator drive. Udinga ukhiye othi "13", okhulula i-nati yokucindezeleka yesethi ye-generator, ulethe i-generator eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kwizindlu ze-cylinder block. Ngemuva kwezenzo ezinjalo, ukudluliswa kususwa kalula kuma-pulleys.
• Manje faka ibhulokhi yesikhathi ngokusho kokumaka. Uzodinga isikrufu esiyindandatho noma isokhethi engu-17" ephendulela i-pulley ku-crankshaft aze afane.

• Ukuze ususe ibhande lesikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuvimba i-crankshaft pulley ukuze ingazungezi. Ungacela umsizi ukuthi avule igiya lesihlanu bese ucindezela ibhuleki.

Uma lokhu kungasizi, khumula ipulaki kugearbox wezindlu.

Faka ichopho le-screwdriver ye-flathead embobeni ephakathi kwamazinyo e-flywheel kanye ne-gearbox housing, khulula ibhawodi elivikela i-pulley ku-crankshaft.

• Ukuze ususe ibhande, khulula i-rola edonsayo. I-bolt ye-fastening yayo ayigxiliwe, i-roller ijikeleza, ukungezwani kuyancipha, emva kwalokho ibhande elidala lisuswa kalula. I-roller ye-tension inconywa ukuthi ishintshwe kanyekanye ne-drive, ekhishwa ku-block. Iwasha yokulungisa ifakwe ezansi, ezinye "izimpimpi" ezigejayo.
• Hlola ama-pulleys ku-crankshaft kanye ne-camshaft, unake ukugqoka emazinyweni abo. Uma ukugqoka okunjalo kubonakala, ama-pulleys kufanele ashintshwe, njengoba indawo yokuxhumana namazinyo ebhande iyancipha, ngenxa yokuthi inganqunywa.

Baphinde bahlole isimo sobuchwepheshe sepompo yamanzi, nayo eqhutshwa ibhande elinamazinyo. Ngokuyisisekelo, ibhande eliphukile lenzeka ngemva kokuba iphampu epholile ibambe. Uma uzoshintsha iphampu, uzodinga ukukhipha enye i-antifreeze ohlelweni lokupholisa injini.

• Faka i-tension roller entsha endaweni yayo. Ungakhohlwa mayelana ne-washer yokulungisa phakathi kwe-cylinder block kanye ne-roller, ngaphandle kwalokho ibhande lizothuthela ohlangothini ngesikhathi sokujikeleza.
• Ukufakwa kwebhande elisha kwenziwa ngokulandelana, kodwa ngaphambi kwalokho, bayaphinda bahlole ukuthi amamaki esikhathi ahambisana kangakanani. Udinga ukuqala ukufakwa kusuka ku-camshaft pulley, bese uyibeka ku-crankshaft pulley kanye ne-pulley yepompo. Le ngxenye yebhande kufanele iqiniswe ngaphandle kokuxega, futhi uhlangothi oluphambene luqiniswe nge-tension roller.
• Ukufaka i-pulley ku-crankshaft futhi kuzodinga ukuthi ilungiswe ukuze kugwenywe ukuzungezisa okungenzeka.
• Bese ufaka kabusha izembozo zokuzivikela, lungisa idrayivu yejeneretha.

Ekupheleni kokufakwa kwedrayivu yesikhathi, kubalulekile ukujikisa i-crankshaft yenjini izikhathi ezimbalwa, kuyilapho ubheka ukuqondana kwawo wonke amamaki okufaka.

Ukusetha amalebula

Ukusebenza kahle kwenjini kuncike ekusebenzeni kahle kwalo msebenzi. Zintathu enjinini, eziku-camshaft nekhava yokuvikela ngemuva, i-crankshaft pulley ne-cylinder block, u-gearbox kanye ne-flywheel. Kukhona iphinikhodi ku-camshaft pulley okumele ihambisane ne-kink endaweni yokuqapha isikhathi esingemuva. I-crankshaft pulley nayo inophini oqondana ne-slot ku-cylinder block. Umaki okwi-flywheel kumele uhambisane nophawu lwe-gearbox housing, lawa amamaki abalulekile akhombisa ukuthi i-piston yesilinda sokuqala iku-TDC.

uhlobo lwe-flywheel

Ibhande eliqinile eliqinile

I-tension roller iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokusabalalisa igesi ku-Lada Kalina. Uma iqinile, khona-ke lokhu kuzosheshisa kakhulu ukugqokwa komshini, ngokucindezeleka okubuthakathaka, ukuqhuma okungalungile kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yokushelela kwebhande. I-tension ilungiswa ngokujikisa i-tension roller izungeze i-axis yayo. Ukwenza lokhu, i-roller inezimbobo ezimbili lapho ukhiye ufakwa khona ukuze uphendule i-tensioner. Ungakwazi futhi ukushintshanisa i-roller ngamapulangwe ukuze ususe izindandatho ezibambile.

"Abenzi bezandla" benza okuphambene, sebenzisa ama-drill noma izipikili zobubanzi obufanele, ezifakwe emigodini. I-screwdriver ibekwe phakathi kwabo, nesibambo saso, njenge-lever, siphendulela i-roller yokucindezeleka ngakwesobunxele noma kwesokudla kuze kutholakale umphumela oyifunayo. Ukungezwani okulungile kuyoba esimweni lapho izindlu zebhande phakathi kwama-pulleys zingashintshwa ngama-degree angu-90 ngeminwe yakho, futhi ngemva kokukhulula ibhande libuyela esimweni salo sokuqala. Uma lesi simo sifezwa, qinisa ama-fasteners ku-tensioner.

Iliphi ibhande ongalithenga

Ukusebenza kwenjini yemoto kuncike kwikhwalithi yezingxenye ezisetshenziswa ekushayeleni umshini wokusabalalisa igesi (i-tension roller, ibhande). Lapho kulungiswa noma kugcinwa imishini, kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa izingxenye zangempela, kodwa kwezinye izimo, izingxenye ezingezona ezangempela zezingxenye zezimoto ziye zanikeza imiphumela emihle.

Ibhande lesikhathi sokuqala 21126-1006040, elikhiqizwa isitshalo se-RTI eBalakovo. Ochwepheshe batusa ngesibindi ukusebenzisa izingxenye ezivela kuGates, Bosch, Contitech, Optibelt, Dayco. Lapho ukhetha, udinga ukuqaphela ngokukhethekile, ngoba ngaphansi komkhiqizo wabakhiqizi abaziwayo ungathenga inkohliso.