Ukushintsha uwoyela wenjini

Uwoyela wenjini egugile: izithasiselo kanye nokugcoba kwehlisa izinga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukungcola kuyakhiwa esifundeni samafutha. Isikhathi sokushintsha uwoyela.

Ukukhipha amanzi ngesithuthuthu

Amafutha enjini angenye "yezingxenye ezigqokwayo" zenjini kaphethiloli. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imayela, umthwalo wokushisa, nesitayela sokushayela kuzolulaza izakhiwo zokugcoba zikawoyela nezithasiselo zawo. Uma ufuna ukujabulela injini yakho isikhathi eside, shintsha uwoyela ngezikhawu ezishiwo umenzi wemoto yakho encwadini yakho yesevisi.

Izono ezi-5 ezibulalayo okungafanele uzenze ngenkathi uthulula

• CHA khipha uwoyela ngokushesha ngemuva kokushayela: ingozi yokusha!

• CHA buyisela NGAPHANDLE kokushintsha isihlungi: isihlungi esidala singavimba ngokushesha uwoyela omusha.

• CHA khipha amafutha phansi komsele: uwoyela uyimfucuza ekhethekile!

• CHA Phinda usebenzise iringi endala: uwoyela ungaconsa futhi uxhumane nesondo langemuva.

• CHA thela uwoyela wemoto ezinjinini zezithuthuthu!

Ukushintsha uwoyela wenjini - ake siqale

01 - Susa isikulufu sokugcwalisa

Shayela isithuthuthu size sishise (singashisi) ngaphambi kokushintsha uwoyela. Vikela iphansi legalaji ngendwangu enkulu ekwazi ukumunca okunye okukhazimulayo. Ngokuya ngemodeli yesithuthuthu, qala ukhiphe ipulaki yokukhipha amanzi konogada bepulasitiki abanenkinga. Ukuze ungadingi ukuthatha izitsha zesaladi zikanyoko, ziphathe epanini lokuqoqa uwoyela. Ukuze uwoyela uphume enjinini usuka ngezansi, kufanele kudonswe umoya owanele phezulu. Manje khipha ipulagi lokugcwalisa uwoyela.

02 - Vumela amafutha aphele

Manje khipha isikulufa sokukhipha ngomsele ka-Allen bese usikhulula kancane. Ukuvimbela uwoyela, okungenzeka usashisa kakhulu, ukuthi ungaconseli ezandleni zakho, yenza izikhathi ezimbalwa zokugcina nge-rag.

Ukuze ushintshe uwoyela ophelele, isihlungi sikawoyela kufanele sishintshwe. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezihlungi. Uhlobo lokuqala lokuhlunga lubukeka njengethini futhi selunendawo yokuhlala. Zonke ezinye izihlungi zibukeka njenge-mini-accordion eligoqiwe futhi liqukethe iphepha lokuhlunga. Lezi zihlungi kufanele zakhiwe ezindlini eziseceleni kwezimoto.

03 - Khipha isihlungi samafutha ngendlu

Sebenzisa isikrufu sesihlungi samafutha se-ratchet ukwenza kube lula ukukhulula isihlungi sebhokisi.

Lesi sihlungi esisha sine-O-ring okumele ifakwe ngejazi elincanyana lamafutha ngaphambi kokuhlangana.

Ngaphambi kokufaka isihlungi esisha samafutha, qiniseka ukuthi siyefana nesihlungi esishintshwayo (ukuphakama, ububanzi, uphawu lokuvala, imicu, uma kusebenza, njll.). Qinisa igobolondo lokuhlunga uwoyela elisha ngokuphephile ngokuya ngemiyalo ekulogbook. Imiyalo ewujuqu ingeyomkhiqizi wezimoto.

04 - Isihlungi sikawoyela ngaphandle kwezindlu

Izihlungi ezifana ne-mini-accordion zifakwe ezindlini eziphethwe isikulufa sendawo noma izikulufu ezisemaphethelweni.

Cishe kuzo zonke izimo, le ndwangu itholakala ngaphambili kwenjini. Ngemuva kokuqaqa ikhava (inothi: ukukhipha uwoyela osalayo), susa isihlungi esidala (qaphela indawo yokufaka), hlanza izindlu bese ufaka isihlungi esisha ngendlela efanele.

Ngokuya ngomkhiqizi, ama-gaskets nama-O-rings atholakala emzimbeni, ikhava noma isikulufa sendawo; Udinga ukuwafaka onke (bheka amathiphu wethu ophawu lwemishini ukuthola imininingwane.

Ngemuva kokuvala izindlu nokuqinisa ngezikulufo nge-torque wrench, susa wonke amabala kawoyela enjini nge-cleaner. Thatha lokhu kuhlanza ngokungathi sína. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzokhishwa amagesi anuka kabi lapho injini ishisa futhi kuzokwakhiwa amabala anenkani kakhulu.

05 - Gcwalisa ngamafutha

Ngemuva kokufaka i-O-ring nokuqinisa isikulufa sokukhipha ngokuya ngemiyalo yomkhiqizi, uwoyela omusha ungagcwaliswa futhi.

Bheka incwadi yemoto yakho ukuthola inani elifanele, i-viscosity kanye nokucaciswa. Ukonga umsebenzi omningi, futhi ngokushesha shintsha i-O-ring yokugcwalisa.

06 - Ukufakwa kwe-Stahlbus drain valve

Ukwenza impilo yakho ibe lula ekushintsheni kwakho uwoyela okulandelayo nasekusebenzeni kokuhlanza, faka i-Stahlbus drain valve esikhundleni se-screw drain yangempela. Manje kuzoba nethuba lokwenza lokhu, futhi ngaleyo ndlela uzothuthukisa isithuthuthu sakho kancane.

Ukukhipha amanzi, uma une-valve ye-Stahlbus drain, konke okumele ukwenze ukukhipha ikepisi laso lokuzivikela bese uthwebula isixhumi esisheshayo sepayipi ku-valve. Lolu cingo oluvimbayo luvula i-valve futhi luvumela uwoyela ukuthi ukhishwe esitsheni esiqokiwe.

Uma ususa isixhumi sepayipi, i-valve iyavaleka ngokuzenzakalela futhi konke okumele ukwenze ukugoqa ikepisi lokuvikela. Akunakuba lula: ngale ndlela ugcina imicu ye-crankcase futhi awusadingi ukufaka esikhundleni se-O-ring. Uzothola uhla lwethu oluphelele lwama-valve e-Stahlbus drain ku-www.louis-moto.fr ngaphansi kwe-My Motorcycle.

07 - Ukuhlola izinga likawoyela

Ukuphela kokufanele ukwenze ukuqoqa igalaji, ulahle uwoyela osetshenzisiwe kahle (sebenzisa isikhuphula amabala kawoyela njengamabhuleki wokuhlanza ukususa amabala kawoyela angathandeki phansi), futhi ekugcineni, ungahlala esihlalweni!

Njengokuphepha, hlola futhi uwoyela ngaphambi kokugibela, ikakhulukazi uma injini yakho inesihlungi sikawoyela esakhelwe indlu yokuhlala.

Kafushane ngamafutha

Akukho okusebenza ngaphandle kukawoyela: ukungqubuzana kwama-piston, indawo ethwala amagiya kuzokonakalisa noma iyiphi injini ngokucwayiza kweso.

Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola izinga lamafutha emotweni yakho enamasondo amabili bese uyishintsha njalo. Eqinisweni, iminyaka kawoyela, ama-clogs ngenxa yokuhuqwa kwensimbi kanye nezinsalela zomlilo, futhi kancane kancane ilahlekelwa ukuthambisa kwayo.

Vele, uwoyela kufanele ube ne-viscosity enqunywe ngumkhiqizi wezimoto futhi kufanele yenzelwe ngokukhethekile izithuthuthu noma ama-scooter: impela, izinjini zezithuthuthu zigijima ngejubane eliphakeme kakhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhanjiswa kwabo futhi kudinga ukuthanjiswa ngoyili wenjini. I-clutch (kubhavu kawoyela) nayo isebenza emafutheni. Izithasiselo ezifanele zihlinzeka ngeshear enhle, ingcindezi nokuqina kokushisa nokuvikelwa kokugqoka. Uyacelwa uqaphele: uwoyela wezimoto uqukethe izinto zokuthambisa ezengeziwe futhi zenzelwe izinjini zokubamba ezomile. Ngalolu hlobo lomkhiqizo, ukuhlangana okugeza uwoyela kungashibilika.

Khetha uwoyela ofanele: Amafutha okwenziwa adlula owoyela bamaminerali ekusebenzeni okushisa okuphezulu, ukuvikela ukuqala okubandayo, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuvikelwa kumadiphozithi. Ngakho-ke, zilungele ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwezemidlalo nakuma-motors enziwe ngokwezifiso. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izinjini, ikakhulukazi imvuthuluka, ezikwazi ukusebenza ngamafutha aphezulu. Sicela uthinte igalaji eligunyaziwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma ufuna ukuyishintsha futhi isithuthuthu sakho sine-mileage ephezulu, kubalulekile ukuthi usihlanze futhi usigcine kuqala.

Esinye isisombululo ukusebenzisa uwoyela we-semi-synthetic, obekezelelwa kahle ama-clutch amaningi. Amafutha ezimoto zanamuhla nawo avame ukukhiqizwa ngenqubo ye-hydrocarbon synthesis: lawa mafutha ayisisekelo akhiqizwa ngamakhemikhali endaweni yokucwenga kusetshenziswa inqubo ye-catalytic hydrocracking. Izinga labo selithuthukisiwe kakhulu futhi lisebenza kangcono kunamafutha amaminerali, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezici ze-creep kanye nomthamo oshisayo namakhemikhali. Zinezinye izinzuzo: zigcoba injini ngokushesha ngemva kokuyiqala, zigcina injini ihlanzekile, futhi zivikele kangcono izingxenye zenjini.

Ngezithuthuthu ezakhiwe ngaphambi kuka-1970, asikhuthazi ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha okwenziwa. Kukhona owoyela abanamabanga amaningi nabamabanga amaningi enzelwe izithuthuthu ezindala. Ekugcineni, khumbula ukuthi noma imuphi uwoyela owukhethayo, kufanele njalo ufudumise injini ngokucophelela. Injini izokubonga futhi ihlale isikhathi eside.

Ukuhlukaniswa kukawoyela wenjini

• I-API - Ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha emoto yaseMelikaIsetshenziswe kusukela ngo-1941. Amakilasi "S" abhekisela ezinjini zikaphethiloli, amakilasi "C" ezinjini zedizili. Incwadi yesibili ikhombisa izinga lokusebenza. Amazinga asebenzayo: SF kusukela ngo-1980, SG kusukela ngo-1988, SH kusukela 1993, SJ kusukela 1996, SL kusukela 2001, njll API CF iyindinganiso kumafutha injini yezimoto. Amamaki e-API wamafutha anezinhlamvu ezimbili (uhlamvu "T") awasasetshenziswa. Amafutha okudlulisa kanye ne-driveshaft afakwe ku-G4 kuya ku-G5.

• I-JASO (i-Japan Automobil Standards Organization) - Izigaba zaseJapane zamafutha ezimoto. I-JASO T 903 njengamanje iyisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu samafutha enjini yezithuthuthu emhlabeni. Ngokuya ngezidingo ze-API, ukwahlukaniswa kwe-JASO kuchaza izakhiwo ezingezekile, phakathi kwezinye izinto, eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kukawoyela ezimvuthweni nasekuthumeni okumanzi okugcotshwe okumanzi. Amafutha ahlukaniswa ngezigaba ze-JASO MA noma i-JASO MB ngokususelwa kuzici zabo zokushayisana kwe-clutch. Isigaba se-JASO MA, futhi njengamanje isigaba se-JASO MA-2, sinokulingana okuphezulu kokungqubuzana. Amafutha ahambelana nalesi sigaba anokuhambisana okuphezulu kakhulu nokuhlangana.

• I-ACEA - Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-European motor oilKusetshenziswe kusukela ngo-1996. Amakilasi A1 kuya ku-A3 achaza uwoyela wezinjini zikaphethiloli, amakilasi B1 kuya ku-B4 ezinjini zemoto kadizili.

• I-Viscosity (SAE - Inhlangano Yonjiniyela Bezimoto)Ichaza i-viscosity kawoyela nebanga lokushisa lapho ingasetshenziswa khona. Ngokuphathelene nowoyela besimanje abanamabanga amaningi: ukwehla kwenombolo ka-W ("ebusika"), kulapho uketshezi oluthe xaxa uwoyela usesimweni sezulu esibandayo, futhi uma uphakama u-W ngaphandle kuka-W, ifilimu ethambisa kakhulu ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu asebenzayo.