Phuza imithetho yokushayela e-Australia: konke odinga ukukwazi

Imithetho yokushayela uphuzile nezijeziso ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokwezifundazwe.

Sekuyiminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-40 kusukela ukuhlolwa kokuphefumula okungahleliwe kanye "nebhasi lotshwala" elidumile laba yingxenye yokushayela kwase-Australia. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokufa kwabantu emigwaqweni ezingozini ezihambisana notshwala lehlile, nokusindisa amakhulu emindeni ekulimaleni minyaka yonke.

Yize ukuphuza nokushayela kusemthethweni, kunemikhawulo - umkhawulo odumile wotshwala begazi ongu-0.05 - futhi uma weqa lowo mkhawulo, ukushayela udakiwe kuyicala futhi ubhekana nezijeziso ezinzima.

Ukushayela uphuzile e-Australia bekugxilwe kubomthetho futhi ukuhlola umoya okungahleliwe sekuphenduke ithuluzi elibalulekile ekwehliseni abalimala emigwaqweni kanye nokuguqula isimo sengqondo ngomkhuba oyingozi kakhulu ongaba nemiphumela edabukisayo.

Kulesi sihloko, sizophendula umbuzo - kuyini ukushayela udakiwe? Futhi ubheke nemithetho eyahlukene, izinhlawulo kanye namacala ongabhekana nawo uma ubanjwa ushayela ngaphezu komkhawulo osemthethweni.

Ngeshwa, akulula njengokusho ukuthi zingaki iziphuzo ongaziphuza ngenkathi ushayela, njengoba sonke sigaya utshwala ngamanani ahlukene. 

Akulula futhi njengokubeka imithetho yezwe lase-Australia yokushayela uphuzile ngoba izwe ngalinye linemininingwane yalo. Ngakho-ke, sizodlula ezifundazweni ukuze uzijwayeze ngemithetho yokushayela udakiwe echaza umkhawulo osemthethweni wotshwala kanye nezinhlawulo ozobhekana nazo uma uzephula.

Isici esivamile endaweni ngayinye ukugcwala kotshwala egazini, noma i-BAC. Lesi isilinganiso izikhulu zomthetho ezizosithatha ukuze zinqume ukuthi uyawephula yini umthetho noma cha. 

Kalula nje, i-BAC iyinani lotshwala emzimbeni wakho, elilinganiswa ngokugcwala kotshwala emphefumulweni noma egazini lakho. Isilinganiso singamagremu otshwala ngamamililitha ayi-100 egazi, ngakho uma ufutha u-0.05 kumshini wokuhlola umoya, umzimba wakho uqukethe amamiligremu angu-50 otshwala ngamamililitha ayi-100 egazi.

Lokhu akufanele kuthathwe njengeseluleko sezomthetho, futhi uma ungabaza, akufanele ushayele ngaphandle uma unomuzwa wokuthi uyakwazi ukushayela ngokuphepha.

queensland

Kunemikhawulo emine yotshwala e-Queensland esekelwe ku-BAC yakho enquma ubukhali besijeziso obhekene naso.

Izigaba ezine: - "notshwala" umkhawulo, okusho ukuthi une-BAC ka-0.00; isamba somkhawulo wotshwala yilapho i-BAC yakho ingaphezu noma ingaphezu kuka-0.05; isilinganiso somkhawulo wotshwala uma urekhoda i-BAC elingana noma enkulu kuno-0.10; kanye nomkhawulo ophezulu wotshwala uma urekhoda i-BAC elingana noma enkulu kuno-0.15.

E-Queensland kufanele uthobele umkhawulo "wokungaphuzi utshwala" uma ungumuntu onomzimba omncane, ophethe ilayisensi yesikhashana noma elinganiselwe ye-P1/P2. Kufanele futhi unakekele u-0.00 BAC uma ushayela iloli (i-GVW yamathani angu-4.5 noma ngaphezulu), ibhasi, i-semi-trailer, itekisi noma i-limousine, iloli elidonsayo, imoto edonsayo, ushayela imoto ethwele impahla eyingozi, noma uqeqesha umshayeli oqeqeshiwe.

Inhlawulo yokweqa le mikhawulo incike kwilayisensi yakho kanye nomlando wokushayela. Icala lokuqala lomfundi noma umshayeli wesikhashana obanjwe ne-BAC phakathi kuka-0.01 no-0.05 lingasho inhlawulo efika ku-$1929, ukuhoxiswa kwelayisensi izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye, kanye nesikhathi sokuvalelwa ejele esingafika ezinyangeni ezintathu.

Ukwephulwa okuvamile kwemithetho yokuphuza kungasho inhlawulo efanayo nesikhathi sejele, kanye nokuhoxiswa kwelayisensi isikhathi esiyinyanga eyodwa kuya kweziyisishiyagalolunye.

Okuxakayo ukuthi inkinga yokuphuza emotweni emile ingahlukaniswa phakathi kwemithetho yemigwaqo emikhulu kanye nemithetho yomkhandlu wendawo.

Ukwephula izinga elijwayelekile lotshwala kunenhlawulo ephezulu engu-$2757, ukumiswa kwelayisensi izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyi-12, kanye nesigwebo esingase sibe yizinyanga eziyisithupha ejele.

Ukubhalisa izinga eliphezulu lotshwala kungaholela enhlawulo efinyelela ku-$3859, ukuvalelwa ejele izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye, kanye nokuhoxiswa kwelayisensi okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha.

Noma yimuphi umshayeli obhalisa i-BAC engaphansi kuka-0.10 uthola ngokuzenzakalelayo ukumiswa kwelayisensi yamahora angama-24, okunganwetshwa uma wehluleka ukuthobela izidingo zamaphoyisa ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuhlolwa kwe-BAC, futhi kungaqhubeka kuze kube icala liya enkantolo.

Ukushayela uphuzile okuphindaphindiwe kubhekene nezinhlawulo ezinzima kakhulu: inhlawulo efinyelela ku-$8271, ukuhoxiswa kwelayisensi yokushayela iminyaka emibili, isigwebo sasejele esinqunywe yinkantolo, nokuphucwa imoto.

Uma usuqedile ukumiswa kwakho, kufanele ube nelayisensi yokuvivinywa okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12 futhi kungase kudingeke ukuthi wenze izifundo ze-DUI futhi wenze imoto yakho ingakwazi ukuhamba ngesikhathi udakiwe; iwumshini odinga ukuthi ubhale phansi u-0.00 BAC ngaphambi kokuba imoto iqale.

N.S.W.

I-New South Wales ilandela indlela efanayo neye-Queensland, ngamacala ahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukene ezifana ne-Low (0.05 kuya ku-0.08), Medium (0.08 kuya ku-0.15) kanye ne-High (0.15 nangaphezulu). Nokho, iphatha abashayeli besigaba esikhethekile njengabashayeli bamaloli ngokwehlukile kunabase-Queensland, “ngobubanzi obukhethekile” BAC obungu-0.02.

Izijeziso zokwephula le mithetho ziyehluka kakhulu kuye ngezimo, kodwa owokuqala obanjwe ene-BAC ephansi uzomiswa ilayisensi yakhe ngokushesha izinyanga ezintathu futhi ahlawuliswe u-$587 ngaso leso sikhathi. Lezi zinhlawulo zingakhula uma icala liqulwa, nenhlawulo ephezulu engu-$2200, futhi ilayisense yakho ingamiswa isikhathi esingafika ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. 

Njengengxenye yohlelo lwakhe lwezokuphepha emgwaqeni i-Towards Zero, uhulumeni waseNew South Wales wethula izinhlawulo eziqinile kwabaqalayo ukuphuza ngo-2019. imoto yakho, futhi lokho kungaphezulu kwenhlawulo yenkantolo engu-$2200, ithuba lokubhadla ejele izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye, kanye nokulengiswa kwelayisensi yezinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi lokho "kungavinjelwa" uma inkantolo ithola ukuthi uyingozi emphakathini. .

Abantu ababanjwe “notshwala obuphezulu” egazini nabo bangaphansi kohlelo lokuvimba utshwala futhi bangahlawuliswa u-$3300, bagqunywe ejele izinyanga ezifika kweziyi-18, futhi bahoxiswe ilayisense yabo okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12, uma kungenjalo ingunaphakade.

NgoJuni 2021, uhulumeni waseNew South Wales wethula izijeziso ezinzima kubantu abatholakala besebenzisa utshwala nezidakamizwa. Izijeziso zalawa macala zingasukela ku-$5500 ukuya ezinyangeni ezingu-18 ejele ngokumiswa kwelayisensi, abantu abanamazinga aphansi otshwala nezidakamizwa ohlelweni lwabo bangaphansi kwenhlawulo efinyelela ku-$11,000 kanye nokumiswa kwelayisensi okungenani iminyaka emithathu ngokuphinda icala. . izephulamthetho ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

UMTHETHO

Inhlokodolobha yezwe ithatha indlela efanayo kodwa ehlukile uma kuziwa kumazinga e-BAC, ngohlelo olwenziwe lula. Umfundi, umshayeli wesikhashana kanye novivinyo kumele abe no-0.00 BAC, osebenza nakubashayeli bezimoto ezine-GVW engu-15t noma uma bephethe izimpahla eziyingozi. Bonke abanye abashayeli kufanele bahlale ngaphansi kuka-0.05.

Izijeziso ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomlando womshayeli, kodwa isizindalwazi sikahulumeni sithi ngokokuqala ngqa, owephula umthetho ubhekene nenhlawulo efinyelela ku-$2250, agqunywe ejele izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye noma kokubili, nokumiswa kwezincwadi zokushayela iminyaka emithathu.

Abashayeli abaphindaphinda bephuzile ngokusobala babhekana nezijeziso ezinzima kakhulu: izinhlawulo ezifika ku-$3000, izinyanga ezingu-12 ejele noma kokubili, kanye neminyaka emihlanu ejele.

I-ACT futhi inelungelo lokumisa ilayisense lakho elisendaweni kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-90 uma bekholelwa ukuthi izimo zivuma lokho.

Victoria

Ngo-2017, uhulumeni wase-Victorian wavala izephula-mthetho ezishayela bephuzile ngokwethula imithetho efuna bonke abashayeli ababanjwe ne-alcohol esezingeni elingaphezu kuka-0.05 bafake i-lockout ezimotweni zabo zingakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ubani obanjwe eshayela nge-BAC phakathi kuka-0.05 no-0.069 ubhekene nokuvinjelwa izinyanga ezintathu.

Umbuso unezinye zezinhlawulo eziqinile neziphelele esizweni, ezinezinhlawulo ezihlukene hhayi kuphela emacaleni amancane, amaphakathi noma abucayi, kodwa futhi nangomehluko osuselwe eminyakeni yobudala nolwazi.

Isibonelo, umnikazi welayisensi jikelele ongaphansi kweminyaka engama-26 obanjwe ne-BAC phakathi kuka-0.05 no-0.069 uzothola inhlawulo; bahoxise ilayisensi yabo; ukuphucwa ilungelo lokushayela imoto isikhathi esingangezinyanga eziyisithupha; kufanele aqedele uhlelo lokushintsha ukuziphatha kokushayela ukuphuza; phuza utshwala izinyanga eziyisithupha; kanye ne-BAC 0.00 kufanele irekhodwe isikhathi ngasinye lapho kuhlolwa umoya okungenani iminyaka emithathu. 

Kuzofakwa izingidi zotshwala ezimotweni zabashayeli abadakwe kakhulu.

Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kuka-26 ababanjwe notshwala obufanayo begazi bathola inhlawulo efanayo, kodwa ilayisense yabo imisiwe izinyanga ezintathu kuphela.

Uhulumeni akazishicileli izinhlawulo zakhe zokushayela uphuzile kuwebhusayithi yakhe, kodwa kukholakala ukuthi zisuka ku-$475 ngecala elincane lokuqala ukuya ku-$675 nge-BAC evamile, futhi ezingaphezu kuka-$1500 nge-BAC engaphezu kuka-0.15.

Abafundi nabashayeli besikhashana ababanjwe ne-BAC engaphezu kuka-0.00 bazohlawuliswa, baphucwe ilayisensi, bavinjelwe ukushayela okungenani izinyanga ezintathu, kufanele baqedele uhlelo lokushintsha ukuziphatha, babeke isivalo, bese bevala u-0.00 BAC okungenani iminyaka emithathu.

Iziphathimandla zase-Victorian zingakuthatha futhi imoto yakho uma ubanjwe ne-BAC engu-0.10 noma ngaphezulu, noma ubanjwe ne-BAC engaphezu kuka-0.00 lapho imoto yakho ifakwe i-alcohol lockout.

I-Tasmania

Njengezinye izifundazwe, i-Tasmania inendlela ehlangene kulo lonke icala enezinhlawulo ezihlukene zamazinga ahlukene e-BAC.

Ukurekhoda i-BAC phakathi kuka-0.05 no-0.10 kuzoholela enhlawulo engu-$346 kanye nezinyanga ezintathu zokumiswa kwelayisensi. Kodwa-ke, uma ubanjwe ne-BAC phakathi kuka-0.10 no-0.15, uzothola inhlawulo engu-$692 kanye nokuvinjelwa ukushayela izinyanga eziyisithupha.

I-Tasmania nayo inohlelo lokuvimba utshwala njenge-New South Wales ne-Victoria. Uma ubanjwe ne-BAC engaphezu kuka-0.15, izofakwa emotweni yakho okungenani izinyanga ezingu-15. Futhi akumele urekhode i-BAC engaphezu kuka-0.00 izinsuku eziyi-180 ngaphambi kokuthi isuswe.

Umkhawulo kazwelonke wotshwala begazi kubashayeli abanamalayisense aphelele ngu-0.05.

Ungathola nokuvinjelwa uma ubanjwa uphuzile ushayela izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili esikhathini esiyiminyaka emihlanu, noma uma unganikezi isampula ye-BAC.

Abashayeli bezitshudeni noma besikhashana akumele babe notshwala ohlelweni lwabo. Uma bebanjiwe, ngeke bagcine ngokubhekana nezijeziso esezibaliwe kuphela, kodwa kuzodingeka baqedele izifundo ze-DUI ngaphambi kokufaka kabusha isicelo selayisensi.

INingizimu Australia

Njengezinye izifundazwe, iSouth Australia inezinhlawulo ezahlukene zokushayela uphuzile.

Isigaba 1 esalabo ababanjwe ne-BAC phakathi kuka-0.05 no-0.079. Abenzi bobubi bokuqala bazothola inhlawulo khona lapho kanye namaphuzu amane angafaneleki. Ngokwephulwa kwesibili, uzoya enkantolo, lapho uzobhekana nenhlawulo efinyelela ku-$1100, kanye namaphuzu amane angafaneleki kanye nokuhoxiswa kwelayisensi okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha. Uma ubanjwa okwesithathu kulolu hlobo lwezinga eliphansi, uzobhekana nenhlawulo efanayo neyecala lesibili, kodwa ngokuvinjelwa ukushayela okungenani izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye.

Ngokwephulwa kweleveli emaphakathi, okwaziwa ngeleSigaba 2 futhi okuhlanganisa ukufundwa kwe-BAC kusuka ku-0.08 kuya ku-0.149, isijeziso sinzima kakhulu ngokwemvelo. Icala lokuqala linenhlawulo ka-$900 kuya ku-$1300, amaphuzu amahlanu angafaneleki, kanye nokuvinjelwa ukushayela izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukwephulwa kwesibili kusho inhlawulo engu-$1100 kuya ku-$1600, amaphuzu amahlanu angafaneleki, kanye nokumiswa kwelayisensi okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12. Ukwephulwa kwemithetho emaphakathi kwalandelayo kuthwala inhlawulo engu-$1500 kuya ku-$2200, amaphuzu amahlanu angafaneleki, kanye nokuvinjelwa kwelayisensi okungenani iminyaka emibili.

Okokugcina, ubugebengu besigaba sesi-3 bungowanoma ubani obanjwe enezinga lotshwala legazi elingu-0.15 noma ngaphezulu. Uma ubanjwa okokuqala, uzohlawuliswa imali ephakathi kuka-$1100 no-$1600, uthole amaphuzu ayisithupha angafaneleki, futhi uvinjelwe ukushayela okungenani izinyanga eziyi-12. Icala lesibili linyusa inhlawulo ibe ngu-$1600–$2400 kanye nokuvinjelwa ukushayela okungenani iminyaka emithathu, ngephuzu elifanayo lokungafaneleki. Noma imaphi amanye amacala eSigaba sesi-3 asho ukuthi inhlawulo ikhuphuka ibe ngu-$1900-$2900 ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlawulo. 

Njengezinye izifundazwe, iSouth Australia idinga ukuthi bonke abafundi nabashayeli besikhashana baqophe u-0.00 BAC noma babhekane nenhlawulo Yesigaba 1.

I-Western Australia

Entshonalanga, basebenzisa iqhinga elihlukile ngenkathi begcina icala le-BAC elinezigaba ezintathu. Noma ubani obanjwe eqa umkhawulo ongu-0.05 ungaphansi kwenhlawulo engu-$1000, nokho amaphuzu ezinhlawulo ahlukene ayasebenza kuye ngokuthi kuphakame kangakanani ukufunda kwakho.

I-BAC ephakathi kuka-0.05 no-0.06 ikubiza ama-demerit points amathathu, phakathi kuka-0.06 no-0.07 ama-demerit points amane, naphakathi kuka-0.07 no-0.08 amaphuzu amahlanu okudemerit.

Zonke lezi zinhlawulo zizokuvikela enkantolo, njengoba ziyizinhlawulo ngaso leso sikhathi.

Kodwa-ke, uma ubanjwe ngaphezu kuka-0.09, uzodinga ukuya enkantolo futhi ubhekane nenhlawulo ka-$750 kuya ku-$2250 kanye nokuvinjelwa ukushayela izinyanga eziyisithupha.

Njengoba amazinga otshwala egazini enyuka, inhlawulo yenkantolo iyanda - ukusuka ku-0.09 kuya ku-0.11 yinhlawulo ka-$850-2250 kanye nokuhoxiswa izinyanga eziyisikhombisa, kanti kulabo abaphakathi kuka-0.11 kuya ku-0.13, inhlawulo isuka ku-$1000 iye ku-$2250 kanye nezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili. ukuvinjelwa ukushayela.

(isithombe: impahla evamile - Zakari Hada) Uma kukhulunywa ngokuthi ukushayela uphuzile kusemthethweni yini endaweni yangasese, impendulo ithi cha.

Izijeziso ezinzima kakhulu yilabo ababanjwe ngaphezu kuka-0.15, lapho ubhekene nenhlawulo ka-$1700 kuya ku-$3750 kanye nokuvinjelwa ukushayela okungenani izinyanga ezingu-10 uma leli kuyicala lakho lokuqala. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kuyicala lakho lokuqala elingaphezu kuka-0.15, kodwa usuvele uboshiwe une-BAC engaphezu kuka-0.08, ubhekene nenhlawulo encane ye-$ 2400 nezinyanga ezingu-18 ngaphandle kokushayela.

IWestern Australia ijikijela le ncwadi enedumela elibi ezigebengwini eziphindayo ezineminyaka engaphezu kuka-0.15 - icala lesithathu lingasho inhlawulo efinyelela ku-$7500 noma izinyanga eziyi-18 ejele kanye nokuvinjelwa udilikajele ngokushayela.

Noma ubani onezinga le-alcohol egazini elingaphezu kuka-0.15 kufanele futhi afake i-alcohol block emotweni yakhe.

Abafundi, abanikazi bamalayisense esikhashana nawesivivinyo, kanye nabashayeli bamabhasi, amatekisi, namaloli kudingeka ukuthi babe nezinga lotshwala egazini likaziro, kodwa kunomehluko othile ezijezisweni kuye ngokuthi urekhoda ini.

Phakathi kuka-0.00 no-0.02, lokho kuyinhlawulo ka-$400 kanye namaphoyinti amathathu ezinhlawulo; noma inhlawulo ka-$400 kuya ku-$750 uma uya enkantolo. Uma uwela phakathi kuka-0.02 no-0.05, iyazihoxisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ilayisense yokushayela yabafundi nabashayeli betoho, noma ukumiswa kwezinyanga ezintathu kuzo zonke ezinye (amabhasi, amatekisi, amaloli, njll.).

izindawo ezisenyakatho

Enyakatho, bazama ukusebenza ngokuhlukile, ngesethi elula yezinhlawulo, kodwa ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi yokubala inani lenhlawulo ozoyikhokha.

Isistimu yezomthetho ye-Northern Territory isebenzisa isistimu "yamayunithi esijeziso" esikhundleni senhlawulo yezezimali eqondile. Iyunithi yenhlawulo iyashintsha njalo ngonyaka, kodwa ngesikhathi sokushicilela ingu-$157.

Abafundi, abashayeli besikhashana nabahlolwayo kufanele barekhode i-BAC engu-0.00 noma babhekane nokuvinjelwa ukushayela izinyanga ezintathu noma izinyanga ezintathu ejele. Kukhona futhi ithuba lokukhokhiswa inhlawulo efinyelela kumayunithi amahlanu, okuthi ngesilinganiso samanje sokushintshana kungaba ngu-$785.

Abashayeli bamaloli (ngaphezu kwamathani ayi-15 GVW), izimoto ezithwala impahla eyingozi noma amatekisi namabhasi nawo kudingeka ukuthi abe nezinga lotshwala legazi elinguziro, kodwa athwale izinhlawulo ezihlukile kunabashayeli besikhashana. Abakho ngaphansi kokumiswa kwelayisense, kodwa babhekene nezinyanga ezintathu ejele kanye nenhlawulo engu-$400 khona lapho noma inhlawulo eyalelwa yinkantolo yamayunithi amahlanu ($785 kuze kube umhlaka-30 Juni 2022).

Kubashayeli bamalayisense aphelele, iziphathimandla ze-NT zinebanga elifanayo eliphansi, elimaphakathi neliphezulu njengezinye izifundazwe nezinhlawulo ezihlukile ngokufanele.

I-BAC ephansi iphakathi kuka-0.05 no-0.08 futhi izosho ukuvinjelwa kokushayela izinyanga ezintathu, kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezintathu ejele, kanye nenhlawulo engu-$400 yalapho-ke noma izinhlawulo ezinhlanu ngomyalo wenkantolo ($785 kusukela ngesikhathi sokushicilela).

Icala eliphakathi nebanga libhekwa njengokuphuthelwa phakathi kuka-0.08 no-0.15. Lokhu kuzoholela ekumisweni kwelayisense izinyanga eziyisithupha, ukugqunywa ejele izinyanga eziyisithupha, kanye nenhlawulo yenhlawulo engu-7.5 ($1177.50 kusukela ngesikhathi sokushicilela).

Ukurekhoda i-BAC ngaphezu kuka-0.15 kuthathwa njengecala lezinga eliphezulu futhi izinhlawulo ngokwemvelo zinzima kakhulu. Lokhu ukumiswa kwezinyanga eziyi-12, ukubhadla ejele okungaba izinyanga eziyi-12, kanye nenhlawulo yamayunithi ayi-10 ($1570 ngesikhathi sokushicilela).

Izinhlawulo ziyakhuphuka ngecala lesibili ukuya kwezingu-7.5 zenhlawulo yezinga eliphansi kanye namayunithi angama-20 ($3140 ngesikhathi sokushicilela) ngezinga eliphakathi noma eliphezulu lotshwala.

Ilayisensi yakho izomiswa ngokushesha uma ubanjwa okwesibili ukushayela udakiwe futhi iyohlala kunjalo kuze kube yilapho icala lakho lilethwa enkantolo noma lihoxiswa.