I-viscosity yamafutha enjini ehlobo, ebusika. Ithebula lokushisa.

Amafutha enjini, njengoba wazi, enza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu enjinini - igcoba izingxenye zokukhwelana, iqinisekisa ukuqina kwamasilinda futhi isuse yonke imikhiqizo evuthayo. Wonke uwoyela wezimoto akhiqizwa yi-distillation kawoyela nokuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ezisindayo kuwo, futhi isethi enikeziwe yezimpawu zokusebenza isethwe ngokusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo ezahlukahlukene.

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zanoma yimaphi amafutha enjini yi-viscosity yayo. I-viscosity yamafutha yikhono lokugcina izinto ezifiselekayo ebangeni lokushisa elinikeziwe, okungukuthi, ukuhlala phakathi kwezingxenye zokukhwelana ngenkathi kugcinwa uketshezi. Izinga lokushisa lincike ohlotsheni lwenjini kanye nezimo zezulu lapho esebenza khona. Isibonelo, emazweni anesimo sezulu esishisayo, amafutha ane-viscosity index ephezulu ayadingeka, ngokulandelana, azoba mkhulu kunalawo mafutha asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibandayo.

Indlela yokunquma i-viscosity yamafutha?

Uma uke wawabona amathini kawoyela epulasitiki athengiswa eziteshini zikaphethiloli ngisho nasezitolo ezinkulu eziningi, khona-ke wonke anegama elithi - 10W-40, 5W-30, 15W-40, nasemathini kawoyela wegiya, i-nigrol, uwoyela we-gearbox. ziqokiwe - 80W-90, 75W-80, njll. Zisho ukuthini lezi zinombolo nezinhlamvu?

W - lokhu kuvela egameni elithi ubusika - ubusika, okungukuthi, zonke izinhlobo zamafutha emoto anegama elinjalo zifanelekile ukusetshenziswa ezimweni zasebusika. Yiqiniso, kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi ubusika buhlukile - eCrimea noma eSochi, amazinga okushisa awavamile ukuwela kulawo magugu okwedlulele okwenzeka eNovosibirsk noma eYakutsk.

Ake sithathe uhlobo oluvame kakhulu ezimweni zethu zezulu - 10W-40. Inombolo eyishumi ibonisa ukuthi i-viscosity yamafutha e-frost minus degrees 25 (ukuthola lesi sibalo, udinga ukususa ama-35 kusuka kweyishumi) ifinyelela inani layo eliphezulu lapho kusengenzeka ukuqala ngokuphepha injini.

Kukhona futhi inkomba ye-pumpability, enquma izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphansi kakhulu lapho iphampu isazokwazi ukupompa uwoyela ohlelweni. Ukuze uthole lokhu lokushisa, udinga ukususa amashumi amane kusukela idijithi yokuqala - ngoba 10W-40 sithola inani lokususa 30 degrees. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwamafutha lufanelekile kulawo mazwe lapho kungakaze kube khona ama-degree angu-25-30 ngaphansi kwe-zero.

Uma sikhuluma ngedijithi yesibili ekumaka - 40 - ke inquma viscosity kinematic futhi ashukumisayo at +100 futhi +150 degrees, ngokulandelana. Ubuningi bamafutha bukhulu, inkulu le nkomba. Amafutha 10W-40, noma kunjalo, njengazo zonke ezinye izinto, lapho uhlamvu W lukhona, luyisimo sezulu sonke futhi lusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka -30 kuya +40. Kulezo zinjini ezisebenze ingxenye yempilo yazo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amafutha lapho inkomba ye-viscosity emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ingu-50 - 10W-50 noma 20W-50.

Ithebula le-viscosity.

Uma sikhuluma ngamafutha egiya, khona-ke kukhona isikali esikhethekile sokuqokwa, esingeke sithinte kuso, sizosho kuphela ukuthi idijithi yokuqala ephansi yokumaka, amazinga okushisa aphansi amafutha angagcina izakhiwo zawo. Isibonelo, i-75W-80 noma i-75W-90 ingasetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku--40 kuya ku-+35, no-85W-90 - kusuka ku -15 kuya ku-+40.

Ungakhetha kanjani amafutha nge-viscosity?

Lapho ukhetha uwoyela wenjini yemodeli ethile, udinga ukunaka inani lezimpawu: uhlobo lwenjini, uhlobo lwemoto, i-viscosity - udizili / uphethiloli, injector / carburetor, abagibeli / iloli, njalonjalo. Konke lokhu kuvame ukukhonjiswa kulebula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amafutha anconywe umenzi, ungawashayi indiva lezi ziqondiso, ngoba injini yenzelwe izinga elithile le-viscosity.

Njengoba iRussia inomehluko omkhulu kakhulu wokushisa wesizini, udinga ukukhetha ncamashi lawo mafutha afanele izimo zakho zezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngisho noma engeqisi kakhulu, kuyoba lula ukuqalisa injini, uma uwoyela 5W-30 ugcwele, njengoba igcina izici zayo zokusebenza emazingeni okushisa kuze kube -40.

Uma izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lonyaka liku--20 kuya ku-+20, awudingi ukuza nento ekhethekile futhi usebenzise uwoyela we-multigrade 10W-40, 15W-40, kahle, noma 10W-50, 20W-50 ngezinjini "ezikhathele".

Ukuhlolwa kwamanye amafutha emoto nokusebenza kwawo.

Iyalayisha...