Lincoln

Okuqukethwe UmsunguliEmblemUmlando womkhiqizo wezimoto Uhlobo lwe-Lincoln lungathathwa njengolufana nokunethezeka nobuhle. Akuvamisile ukubonakala emigwaqeni, ngoba lolu hlobo lokunethezeka luhloselwe umphakathi ocebe kakhulu. Ukukhululwa kwezimoto kwenziwa ukuze ku-oda, futhi umlando womkhiqizo ngokwawo uthatha izimpande ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Uphawu lokuhweba lungolunye lwezigaba zeFord Motors ezikhathazayo. Indlunkulu itholakala eDearborn. UHenry Leland wasungula inkampani ngo-1917, kodwa usuku lwangempela lwenkampani lwalungo-1921. Lona kanye igama lenkampani lihlotshaniswa negama likaMongameli waseMelika u-Abraham Lincoln. Ekuqaleni, insimu yomsebenzi kwaba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla amayunithi for zezindiza ezempi. U-Leland wadala injini ye-V-twin, eyaguqulwa yaba i-Lincoln V8, indalo yokuqala yeklasi lokunethezeka. Ukushoda kwezinsiza zezimali, ngenxa yokushoda kwezimoto, kuholele ekutheni le nkampani ithengwe nguHenry Ford, othathe enye yezindawo eziphambili emakethe yezimoto yaseMelika. Isikhathi eside, i-Cadillac yayiwukuphela komncintiswano, ngoba bambalwa kuphela ababenikezwe "inala yokunethezeka" ngaleso sikhathi. Ngemva kokushona kukaLeland, igatsha lenkampani ladluliselwa endodaneni kaHenry Ford, u-Edsel Ford. Izikhulu ezikhethekile zikahulumeni wase-US zasebenzisa izinsizakalo zikaLincoln ukubanikeza izimoto zikanokusho, futhi lokhu kwaqinisekisa ukuzimela kwezezimali kuFord. Lapho uklama amayunithi amandla endiza enamandla, umbuzo wezingxenye zobuchwepheshe zezimoto zesikhathi esizayo walahlwa. Futhi ngo-1932, imodeli ye-Lincoln KB yaqala, eneyunithi yamandla angu-12-cylinder, futhi ngo-1936 imodeli ye-Zephyr yakhiqizwa, eyayibhekwa njengesabelomali esengeziwe futhi yakwazi ukwandisa isidingo somkhiqizo kuze kufike izikhathi eziyisishiyagalolunye futhi cishe iminyaka emihlanu. emthwalweni onzima wempi. Kepha, ngemuva kweMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, ukukhiqizwa kwaqhubeka, kwathi ngo-1956 wakhululwa uNdunankulu waseLincoln. Ngemuva kweminyaka yawo-1970, ukuklama kwamamodeli kwashintshwa. Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zezimoto, mayelana negagasi lokuhluleka kwezimali, kwanqunywa ukuba kuphenduke ukufana ezingeni namamodeli wenkampani engumzali Ford. Futhi kuze kube ngu-1998, inkampani yahlanganyela ekukhiqizeni ukuguqulwa kwemishini yenkampani yomzali. Ngo-1970-1980, amaphrojekthi amaningi akhiqizwa, ngemuva kwalokho inkampani yamisa ukuthuthukiswa cishe iminyaka eyishumi nambili. Uchungechunge lwezinguquko ekukhiqizweni kweLincoln lubuyele ezingeni lokukhiqizwa kwezimoto zikanokusho. Inkinga yezomnotho ka-2006 yaphusha inkampani ekuzibuseni nasekuzimeleni, okwayisindisa kakhulu emthwalweni wezezimali. Esikhathini esisuka ku-2008 kuye ku-2010, inkampani idlulisele uhla lwayo lwemisebenzi emakethe yasekhaya yaseMelika. Umsunguli Onegama likaHenry Leland uhlotshaniswa nemikhiqizo emibili edumile eyamlethela udumo emhlabeni wonke, futhi umsunguli waseMelika wazalwa ngo-1843 eBarton emndenini wabalimi. Akukho okuningi okwaziwayo ngeminyaka yokuqala kaLeland, kepha kwanele ukuthi wayethanda ukucubungula ubuchwepheshe, wayenamakhono afana nokuhluka, ukunemba nokubekezela, okwadlala indima ebalulekile njengomdali ngokuzayo. Lapho eneminyaka eminingi, ekuphakameni kweMpi Yombango yaseMelika, uHenry wasebenza embonini yezikhali. Ngokuqhubeka nokuhamba nge-vector ayeyifuna, uHenry Leland wathola umsebenzi embonini yobunjiniyela njengomklami wemishini. Le ndawo yamsiza kakhulu, yena ngokwakhe wadala futhi wenza zonke izinhlobo zezinqubo zibe zesimanje, enaka imininingwane ecashile, ebala yonke into ngemininingwane emincane, okwamlethela isipiliyoni esibalulekile. Izinto ezincane ezinjalo zaqala umsebenzi wakhe. Impumelelo yakhe yokuqala kwaba isiqeshana sezinwele sikagesi. Okuhlangenwe nakho namakhono kwamkhuphula izinga lomsebenzi futhi ngokushesha uLeland wanquma ukuvula ibhizinisi lakhe. Ngemibono eminingi, kodwa ngenxa yokushoda kwezimali, uHenry uvula ibhizinisi nomngane wakhe uFaulkner. Le nkampani yayibizwa ngeLeland & Faulcner. Imininingwane yebhizinisi yayihluke kakhulu: kusuka ezingxenyeni zamabhayisikili kuya enjini yesitimu. Ngendlela yekhwalithi ye-oda ngalinye, amakhasimende aqala ukuxhumana noHenry, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezimoto nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, kusukela kulesi sigaba imboni yezimoto yayisanda kuqala. Ukuqala kwekhulu lama-20 kwaba impumelelo enkulu yamandla kaHenry Leland. Ngemva kokuhlelwa kabusha kwenkampani kaHenry Ford enkampanini enegama elisha, elibizwa ngokuthi isikhulu saseFrance - u-Antoine Cadillac, umklamo wemoto yeCadillac, imodeli A, wenziwa kanye noHenry Ford. Imoto ibifakwe injini edumile, esungulwe nguLeland. Ukuphelela kukaLeland ngokuningiliziwe kwaletha udumo olukhulu ngemodeli yakhe yesibili, i-1905 Cadillac D. Kwaba ukuqhuma embonini yezimoto yangaleso sikhathi, kwabeka imodeli phezu kwesisekelo. Ngo-1909, iCadillac iyingxenye yeGeneral Motors, nomsunguli uDurant, oqoka umongameli. Ngesikhathi sokungaboni ngaso linye noDurant mayelana nokusungulwa kwezinjini zezindiza zezempi, uLeland uthola inombolo yesigaba, eyamshukumisela ukuba ehle esikhundleni njengomongameli futhi ayishiye le nkampani. Ngo-1914 uLeland wasungula i-V-engine, nayo eyaba yintuthuko eMelika. Usungula inkampani entsha kanye nabasebenzi bakwaCadilac abashiye ngemuva kwakhe bayiqamba ngo-Abraham Lincoln. Le nkampani ikhiqize inani elibi lama-powertrains endiza yezempi. Ngemva kokuphela kwempi, uHenry wabuyela embonini yezimoto futhi waklama imoto eyimodeli enenjini yendiza ye-V8. Lapho esezidlulele, ewenzile umkhakha wezimoto, abaningi abayiqondisanga imodeli yemoto ngaleso sikhathi, kwakungekho sidingo esithile futhi inkampani yazithola isesimweni esinzima sezezimali. UHenry Ford wathenga inkampani yakwaLincoln, okwathi ngaphansi kwayo, okwesikhashana, uHenry Leland wayesenegunya. Ngokwesisekelo sezingxabano zezimboni phakathi kweFord neLeland, uHenry wokuqala, engumnikazi ogcwele, waphoqa omunye ukuba abhale incwadi yokwesula. UHenry Leland washona ngo-1932 eneminyaka engama-89. Uphawu Umbala oyisiliva welogo ufana nobuhle kanye nengcebo, kanti inkanyezi enamaphoyinti amane uLincoln, okuwuphawu ngokwalo, unemibono eminingi. Esokuqala sikhomba ukuthi imishini kufanele yaziwe kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba. Lokhu kuboniswa isithonjana somfanekiso ngendlela yekhampasi enemicibisholo. Enye ikhombisa "Inkanyezi kaLincoln", efanekisela indikimba yasezulwini, ehlotshaniswa nobukhulu bophawu lokuhweba. Umbono wesithathu uthi akukho umthwalo we-semantic kulesi sibonakaliso. Umlando womkhiqizo wezimoto zomkhiqizo Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II, ngemuva kwemodeli ye-Lincoln KB ne-Zephyr, eqala ngo-1984, ukukhiqizwa kweLincoln Continental MarK VII kwaqala ngomzimba we-aerodynamic, i-anti-lock braking system, ukumiswa komoya kanye nekhompyutha yohambo. wenza elinye igalelo. Imoto yayiwubukhazikhazi. Imodeli entsha yale nguqulo yakhululwa ngo-1995 futhi ifakwe injini engu-8-cylinder. Ngesisekelo senjini efanayo ne-Continental, imodeli edonsa ngamasondo eLincoln Town Car yakhiwa, obekuyindlela enhle impela. Inqwaba yokunethezeka inikezwa iLincoln Navigator SUV, eyakhululwa ngo-1997.