Amabhethri omoya aya emoyeni ahlinzeka ngobubanzi obungaphezu kwekhilomitha elingu-1. Isici? Ziyalahleka.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, sithinte "unjiniyela wokusungula," "ubaba wezingane eziyisishiyagalombili," "umakadebona wezempi yasolwandle" "owasungula amabhethri asebenzisa i-aluminium kanye ne-electrolyte engaqondakali." Sithole ukuthuthukiswa kwesihloko kungathembeki kakhulu - futhi sibonga umthombo, i-Daily Mail - kodwa inkinga idinga ukwengezwa. Uma abaseBrithani bebesebenza ngamabhethri e-aluminium-air, khona-ke ... akhona ngempela futhi anganikeza uhla lwezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha.

Umsunguli, ochazwe yi-Daily Mail, "ubaba wezingane eziyisishiyagalombili," wethulwa njengomuntu odale into entsha ngokuphelele (i-electrolyte engeyona enobuthi) futhi usezingxoxweni zokuthengisa umbono wakhe. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, isihloko se-aluminium-air cell siye sathuthukiswa iminyaka eminingana.

Kodwa ake siqale kusukela ekuqaleni:

Uhlu lokuqukethwe

• Amabhethri Omoya E-Aluminium - Phila Ngokushesha, Die Young
  • I-Tesla Model 3 Long Range enesigcinamandla esingu-1+ km? Kungenziwa
  • I-Alcoa ne-Phinergy aluminium/amabhethri omoya - asalahlwa kodwa acatshangelwe kahle
  • Isifinyezo noma kungani sigxeke i-Daily Mail

Amabhethri e-aluminium-air asebenzisa ukusabela kwe-aluminium nge-oxygen nama-molecule amanzi. Ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali (amafomula angatholakala ku-Wikipedia), i-aluminium hydroxide iyakhiwa, futhi ekugcineni izibopho zensimbi nomoya-mpilo zenze i-alumina. I-voltage yehla ngokushesha, futhi lapho yonke insimbi isiphendulile, iseli liyayeka ukusebenza. Ngokungafani namabhethri e-lithium-ion, Amaseli omoya aya emoyeni awakwazi ukushajwa kabusha noma aphinde asetshenziswe..

Ziyalahleka.

Yebo, lokhu kuyinkinga, kodwa amaseli anesici esisodwa esibaluleke kakhulu: ukuminyana okukhulu kwamandla agciniwe maqondana nesisindo... Lokhu kubalwa ku-8 kWh/kg. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izinga lamanje lamaseli e-lithium-ion angcono kakhulu ngu-0,3 kWh / kg.

I-Tesla Model 3 Long Range enesigcinamandla esingu-1+ km? Kungenziwa

Ake sibheke lezi zinombolo: 0,3 kWh/kg ukuthola amaseli e-lithium angcono kakhulu esimanje uma kuqhathaniswa no-8 kWh/kg wamaseli e-aluminium - i-lithium icishe ibe yimbi izikhathi ezingama-27! Ngisho noma sicabangela ukuthi ekuhlolweni, amabhethri e-aluminium-air afinyelele ukuminyana "kuphela" 1,3 kWh / kg (umthombo), lokhu kusengcono izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezine kune-lithium cell!

Ngakho-ke awudingi ukuba umshini wokubala omkhulu ukuthola lokho ngebhethri le-Al-air Tesla Model 3 Long Range izofinyelela cishe ku-1 km ngebhethri esikhundleni se-730 km yamanje ye-lithium-ion... Akuncane kakhulu kuneWarsaw ukuya eRoma, futhi kungaphansi kweWarsaw ukuya eParis, Geneva noma eLondon!

Ngeshwa, ngamaseli e-lithium-ion, ngemva kokushayela amakhilomitha angu-500 nge-Tesla, siyixhuma kushaja ngesikhathi esiphakanyiswe yimoto futhi siqhubeke. Uma usebenzisa amaseli e-Al-air, umshayeli kuzodingeka aye esiteshini lapho ibhethri izodinga ukushintshwa khona. Noma amamojula ayo ngamanye.

Futhi nakuba i-aluminium ishibhile njenge-elementi, ukupheka i-elementi kusukela ekuqaleni ngaso sonke isikhathi kulahla ngempumelelo izinzuzo ezivela kumabanga aphezulu. Ukugqwala kwe-aluminium nakho kuyinkinga eyenzeka ngisho nalapho ibhethri lingasebenzi, kodwa le nkinga ixazululwe ngokugcina i-electrolyte esitsheni esihlukile nokuyipompa lapho kudingeka ibhethri lomoya le-aluminium.

I-Phinergy iqhamuke nalokhu:

I-Alcoa ne-Phinergy aluminium/amabhethri omoya - asalahlwa kodwa acatshangelwe kahle

Amabhethri omoya alungele ukusetshenziswa ezentengiso kahle, asetshenziswa ngisho nasezintweni zempi. Zakhiwe yi-Alcoa ngokubambisana nePhinergy. Kulezi zinhlelo, i-electrolyte isesitsheni esihlukile, futhi amangqamuzana ngamanye angamapuleti (ama-cartridges) afakwe emakamelweni awo ukusuka phezulu. Kubukeka sengathi:

Ibhethri lendiza (i-aluminium-air) yenkampani yakwa-Israel i-Alcoa. Qaphela ishubhu eseceleni kwephampu ye-Alcoa electrolyte (c)

Ibhethri iqalwa ngokumpompa i-electrolyte ngamashubhu (mhlawumbe ngamandla adonsela phansi, njengoba ibhethri lisebenza njengesipele). Ukushaja ibhethri, ukhipha amakhatriji ebhethri asetshenzisiwe bese ufaka amasha.

Ngakho, umnikazi womshini uzothatha uhlelo olusindayo ukuze alusebenzise ngolunye usuku uma kunesidingo. Futhi lapho kuphakama isidingo sokushaja, imoto kufanele ishintshwe ngumuntu oneziqu ezifanele.

Uma kuqhathaniswa namaseli e-lithium-ion, izinzuzo zamaseli e-aluminium-air yizindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza, asikho isidingo se-cobalt, nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Ububi ukusetshenziswa kanye kanye nesidingo sokugaywa kabusha ama-cartridge asetshenzisiwe:

Isifinyezo noma kungani sigxeke i-Daily Mail

Amaseli amafutha e-Aluminium-air (Al-air) asevele ekhona, ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa, futhi asetshenzwe ngokujulile kule minyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu edlule. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwanda kwamandla okuminyana kwamaseli e-lithium-ion kanye nethuba lokushajwa kabusha kwawo, isihloko sesiphelile - ikakhulukazi embonini yezimoto, lapho ukushintshwa njalo kwezigidi zamabhethri kuwumsebenzi odidayo..

Sisola ukuthi umsunguli ochazwe yi-Daily Mail cishe akazange asungule lutho, kodwa uzakhele yena i-aluminium-air cell. Uma, njengoba echaza, waphuza i-electrolyte emibonisweni, kufanele ngabe wasebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile ngale njongo:

> Ubaba wezingane eziyisishiyagalombili wasungula ibhethri engu-2 km? Mmm, yebo, kodwa cha 🙂 [Daily Mail]

Inkinga enkulu ngamabhethri e-aluminium-air akukhona ukuthi awekho - akhona. Inkinga ngazo yizindleko zesikhathi esisodwa kanye nezindleko eziphakeme zokushintshwa. Ukutshala imali kuseli elinjalo kuzolahlekelwa umqondo wezomnotho ngokushesha noma kamuva uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium-ion, ngoba "ukushaja" kudinga ukuvakashelwa endaweni yokusebenzela kanye nomsebenzi onekhono.

Kunezimoto ezingaba yizigidi ezingama-22 ePoland. Ngokusho kwe-Central Statistical Office yasePoland (GUS), sihamba ngesilinganiso samakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12,1 ngonyaka. Ngakho, uma sicabanga ukuthi amabhethri aluminium-air izoshintshwa ngokwesilinganiso njalo ikhilomitha 1 (ukubala lula), ngayinye yalezi zimoto kwakuzodingeka avakashele egalaji izikhathi 210 ngonyaka. Ngayinye yalezi zimoto ivakashela igaraji njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ngokwesilinganiso.

Izimoto ezingu-603 zilinde amabhethri NSUKU ZONKE., nangamaSonto! Kodwa ukushintshwa okunjalo kudinga ukumuncwa kwe-electrolyte, ukushintshwa kwamamojula, ukuhlola konke lokhu. Othile kuzodingeka futhi aqoqe lawa mamojula asetshenzisiwe ezweni lonke ukuze awacubungule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Manje uyaqonda ukuthi ukugxeka kwethu kwavelaphi?

Inothi Lomhleli www.elektrowoz.pl: Isihloko esishiwo ngenhla se-Daily Mail sithi leli "iseli likaphethiloli" hhayi "ibhethri". Nokho, uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, kufanele kwengezwe ukuthi “amaseli amafutha "awela ngaphansi kwencazelo" ye-accumulator "esebenzayo e-Poland. (bona, isibonelo, LAPHA). Nokho, nakuba ibhethri le-aluminium-air lingakwazi (futhi kufanele) libizwe ngokuthi i-fuel cell, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ayikwazi ukubizwa kanjalo.

I-fuel cell isebenza ngomgomo wezinto ezihlinzekwa ngaphandle, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa umoya-mpilo, ohlangana nenye into ukuze yakhe inhlanganisela futhi ikhulule amandla. Ngakho, ukusabela kwe-oxidation kuhamba kancane kunokusha, kodwa kushesha kunokugqwala okuvamile. Ukuze uhlehlise inqubo, kuvame ukudingeka uhlobo oluhluke ngokuphelele lwedivayisi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ebhethri ye-lithium-ion, ama-ion ahamba phakathi kwama-electrode, ngakho-ke akukho oxidation.

Inothi 2 ku-www.elektrowoz.pl edition: isihlokwana esithi “phila ngamandla, fa umusha” sithathwe kolunye lwezifundo ngalesi sihloko. Sithanda lokhu ngoba ichaza imininingwane ye-aluminium air cell.

Lokhu kungase kube nentshisekelo kuwe: