Isibhamu esizishayelayo saseHungary "Zrinyi II" (I-Hungarian Zrínyi) I-"Zrinyi" iyintaba yezikhali ezizihambelayo yaseHungary (ACS) yenkathi yeMpi Yezwe Yesibili, ikilasi lezibhamu zokuhlasela, ezinesisindo esimaphakathi. Yadalwa ngo-1942-1943 ngesisekelo sethangi laseTuran, elihlotshaniswa nezibhamu ezizimele ze-German StuG III. Ngo-1943-1944, i-66 Zrinyi yakhiqizwa, eyasetshenziswa amasosha aseHungary kuze kube ngu-1945. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, okungenani isibhamu esisodwa esizishayelayo "Zrinyi" sasetshenziswa endimeni yokuqeqesha kuze kube sekuqaleni kwawo-1950. Ake sicacise ulwazi lwegama nezinguqulo: • 40 / 43M Zrinyi (Zrinyi II) - imodeli eyisisekelo, ehlome nge-Howitzer engu-105-mm. Amayunithi angama-66 akhiqiziwe • 44M Zrinyi (Zrinyi I) - umbhubhisi wethangi oyisibonelo ohlome ngenganono ende enemigoqo engu-75-mm. Ikhishwe i-prototype engu-1 kuphela. Isibhamu esizishayelayo "Zrinyi II" (40/43M Zrinyi)   Chofoza izithombe ukuze ukhulise   Abaqambi baseHungary banquma ukudala imoto yabo kumodeli we-Sturmgeshütz yaseJalimane, okungukuthi, i-armored ngokugcwele. Kuphela isisekelo sethangi eliphakathi "Turan" esingakhethwa njengesisekelo salo. Isibhamu esizishayelayo saqanjwa ngokuthi "Zrinyi" ukuhlonipha iqhawe lesizwe laseHungary, uZrinyi Miklos. Miklos Zrini UZrinyi Miklos (circa 1508 - 66) - Isikhulu saseHungary nesiCroatia, umkhuzi. Ubambe iqhaza ezimpini eziningi namaTurkey. Kusukela ngo-1563, umkhuzi-in-chief of the amasosha Hungarian osebeni kwesokudla Danube. Ngesikhathi somkhankaso kaSultan Suleiman II waseTurkey ngokumelene neVienna ngo-1566, uZrinyi washona ngesikhathi ezama ukuhoxisa amabutho enqabeni ebhidliziwe yaseSzigetvar. AmaCroats amhlonipha njengeqhawe lawo lesizwe ngaphansi kwegama likaNikola Šubić Zrinjski. Kwakukhona omunye uZrinyi Miklos - umzukulu wokuqala - futhi iqhawe kazwelonke Hungary - imbongi, isimo. umfanekiso, umkhuzi owalwa namaTurkey (1620 - 1664). Ushone engozini yokuzingela. U-Miklos Zrinyi (1620 - 1664) Miklos Zrini Ububanzi besikebhe banda ngo-45 cm futhi kwakhiwa i-cabin ephansi epuleti langaphambili, ohlakeni lwaso oluguquliwe lwe-105-mm 40.M lwe-infantry howitzer oluvela ku-MAVAG lwafakwa. Ama-engeli aqondile e-Howitzer - ± 11 °, i-engeli yokuphakama - 25 °. Amadrayivu okulanda asenziwa ngesandla. Ukushaja kuhlukene. Izibhamu ezizishayayo zazingenazo. 40 / 43M Zrinyi (Zrinyi II) I-Zrinyi kwakuyimoto yaseHungary ephumelele kakhulu. Futhi nakuba igcine iminonjana yobuchwepheshe obubuyela emuva - amapuleti ezikhali e-hull kanye ne-wheelhouse axhunywe nama-bolt nama-rivets - kwakuyiyunithi yokulwa eqinile. Injini, ukudluliselwa, i-chassis yahlala ifana nemoto eyisisekelo. Kusukela ngo-1944, i-Zrinyi yathola izikrini ezisemaceleni ezihinjisiwe ezaziwavikela ekuqoqweni okuqoqiwe. Isamba esikhishwe ngo-1943 - 44. Izibhamu ezingama-66 ezizishayelayo. Izici zokusebenza zamanye amathangi aseHungary nezibhamu ezizishayelayo I-Toldi-1   "Thuli" I Unyaka wokwakha 1940 Isisindo sokulwa, t 8,5 Abasebenzi, abantu 3 Ubude bomzimba, mm 4750 Ubude obunesibhamu phambili, mm   Ububanzi mm 2140 Ukuphakama, mm 1870 Ukubhuka, mm   Lob corpus 13 Ibhodi le-Corps 13 Tower forehead (indlu yamasondo) 13 + 20 Uphahla kanye naphansi kwe-hull 6 Impi   Uhlobo lwesibhamu 36.M I-Caliber in mm / ubude bemigqomo ngamakhalibha 20/82 Izinhlamvu, izibhamu   Inombolo kanye nenani (ngama-mm) lezibhamu ezingomshini 1-8,0 Isibhamu somshini wokulwa nendiza - Izinhlamvu zezibhamu zemishini, ama-cartridges   Injini, uhlobo, uhlobo i-carb. "I-Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Amandla enjini, hp 155 Isivinini esikhulu km/h 50 Amandla kaphethiloli, l 253 Ibanga emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, km 220 Isilinganiso sokucindezela komhlaba, kg / cm2 0,62 I-Toldi-2   "Thuli" II Unyaka wokwakha 1941 Isisindo sokulwa, t 9,3 Abasebenzi, abantu 3 Ubude bomzimba, mm 4750 Ubude obunesibhamu phambili, mm   Ububanzi mm 2140 Ukuphakama, mm 1870 Ukubhuka, mm   Lob corpus 23-33 Ibhodi le-Corps 13 Tower forehead (indlu yamasondo) 13 + 20 Uphahla kanye naphansi kwe-hull 6-10 Impi   Uhlobo lwesibhamu 42.M I-Caliber in mm / ubude bemigqomo ngamakhalibha 40/45 Izinhlamvu, izibhamu 54 Inombolo kanye nenani (ngama-mm) lezibhamu ezingomshini 1-8,0 Isibhamu somshini wokulwa nendiza - Izinhlamvu zezibhamu zemishini, ama-cartridges   Injini, uhlobo, uhlobo i-carb. "I-Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Amandla enjini, hp 155 Isivinini esikhulu km/h 47 Amandla kaphethiloli, l 253 Ibanga emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, km 220 Isilinganiso sokucindezela komhlaba, kg / cm2 0,68 I-Turan-1   "Turan" ngi Unyaka wokwakha 1942 Isisindo sokulwa, t 18,2 Abasebenzi, abantu 5 Ubude bomzimba, mm 5500 Ubude obunesibhamu phambili, mm   Ububanzi mm 2440 Ukuphakama, mm 2390 Ukubhuka, mm   Lob corpus 50 (60) Ibhodi le-Corps 25 Tower forehead (indlu yamasondo) 50 (60) Uphahla kanye naphansi kwe-hull 8-25 Impi   Uhlobo lwesibhamu 41.M I-Caliber in mm / ubude bemigqomo ngamakhalibha 40/51 Izinhlamvu, izibhamu 101 Inombolo kanye nenani (ngama-mm) lezibhamu ezingomshini 2-8,0 Isibhamu somshini wokulwa nendiza - Izinhlamvu zezibhamu zemishini, ama-cartridges   Injini, uhlobo, uhlobo I-Z-TURAN карб. Z-TURAN Amandla enjini, hp 260 Isivinini esikhulu km/h 47 Amandla kaphethiloli, l 265 Ibanga emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, km 165 Isilinganiso sokucindezela komhlaba, kg / cm2 0,61 I-Turan-2   "Turan" II Unyaka wokwakha 1943 Isisindo sokulwa, t 19,2 Abasebenzi, abantu 5 Ubude bomzimba, mm 5500 Ubude obunesibhamu phambili, mm   Ububanzi mm 2440 Ukuphakama, mm 2430 Ukubhuka, mm   Lob corpus 50 Ibhodi le-Corps 25 Tower forehead (indlu yamasondo)   Uphahla kanye naphansi kwe-hull 8-25 Impi   Uhlobo lwesibhamu 41.M I-Caliber in mm / ubude bemigqomo ngamakhalibha 75/25 Izinhlamvu, izibhamu 56 Inombolo kanye nenani (ngama-mm) lezibhamu ezingomshini 2-8,0 Isibhamu somshini wokulwa nendiza - Izinhlamvu zezibhamu zemishini, ama-cartridges 1800 Injini, uhlobo, uhlobo I-Z-TURAN карб. Z-TURAN Amandla enjini, hp 260 Isivinini esikhulu km/h 43 Amandla kaphethiloli, l 265 Ibanga emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, km 150 Isilinganiso sokucindezela komhlaba, kg / cm2 0,69 Zrinyi-2   Zrinyi II Unyaka wokwakha 1943 Isisindo sokulwa, t 21,5 Abasebenzi, abantu 4 Ubude bomzimba, mm 5500 Ubude obunesibhamu phambili, mm 5900 Ububanzi mm 2890 Ukuphakama, mm 1900 Ukubhuka, mm   Lob corpus 75 Ibhodi le-Corps 25 Tower forehead (indlu yamasondo) 13 Uphahla kanye naphansi kwe-hull   Impi   Uhlobo lwesibhamu 40 / 43.М I-Caliber in mm / ubude bemigqomo ngamakhalibha 105/20,5 Izinhlamvu, izibhamu 52 Inombolo kanye nenani (ngama-mm) lezibhamu ezingomshini - Isibhamu somshini wokulwa nendiza - Izinhlamvu zezibhamu zemishini, ama-cartridges   Injini, uhlobo, uhlobo i-carb. Z- TURAN Amandla enjini, hp 260 Isivinini esikhulu km/h 40 Amandla kaphethiloli, l 445 Ibanga emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, km 220 Isilinganiso sokucindezela komhlaba, kg / cm2 0,75 uNimrode   "UNimrode" Unyaka wokwakha 1940 Isisindo sokulwa, t 10,5 Abasebenzi, abantu 6 Ubude bomzimba, mm 5320 Ubude obunesibhamu phambili, mm   Ububanzi mm 2300 Ukuphakama, mm 2300 Ukubhuka, mm   Lob corpus 13 Ibhodi le-Corps 10 Tower forehead (indlu yamasondo) 13 Uphahla kanye naphansi kwe-hull 6-7 Impi   Uhlobo lwesibhamu 36. M I-Caliber in mm / ubude bemigqomo ngamakhalibha 40/60 Izinhlamvu, izibhamu 148 Inombolo kanye nenani (ngama-mm) lezibhamu ezingomshini - Isibhamu somshini wokulwa nendiza - Izinhlamvu zezibhamu zemishini, ama-cartridges   Injini, uhlobo, uhlobo i-carb. I-L8V / 36 Amandla enjini, hp 155 Isivinini esikhulu km/h 60 Amandla kaphethiloli, l 253 Ibanga emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, km 250 Isilinganiso sokucindezela komhlaba, kg / cm2   44M I-Zrinyi ithangi lokubhubhisa i-prototype (Zrinyi I) Umzamo wenziwa ngoFebhuwari 1944, ilethwe ku-prototype, ukwakha isibhamu esizimelayo esilwa nethangi, empeleni umbhubhisi wethangi - "Zrinyi" I, ehlome ngenganono engu-75-mm enobude bomphongolo obungama-43 caliber. I-projectile yayo yokubhoboza izikhali (isivinini sokuqala esingama-770 m/s) ibhoboze izembatho zempi ezingama-30 mm nge-engeli engu-600 ° kuya kwejwayelekile ukusuka ebangeni elingu-76 m. Ayihambanga ngaphezu kwe-prototype, ngokusobala ngenxa yokuthi lesi sibhamu sasivele singasebenzi ngokumelene nezikhali zamathangi asindayo ase-USSR. 44M I-Zrinyi (Zrinyi I) sibonelo sokucekela phansi ithangi   Chofoza izithombe ukuze ukhulise   Ukulwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-"Zrinyi" Ngokusho kwezifundazwe, ngo-Okthoba 1, 1943, ibutho lezikhali zokuhlasela langeniswa ebuthweni laseHungary, elihlanganisa izinkampani ezintathu zezibhamu ezizishayelayo ezingu-9, kanye nemoto yomyalo. Ngakho, ibutho lalinezibhamu ezingu-30 ezizishayelayo. Ibutho lokuqala, elibizwa ngokuthi "Budapest", lakhiwa ngo-April 1944. Ngokushesha waphonswa empini eMpumalanga Galicia. Ngo-Agasti, ibutho lahoxiswa ngemuva. Ukulahlekelwa kwakhe, naphezu kokulwa okunamandla, kwakukuncane. Ebusika buka-1944-1945, ibutho lalwa endaweni yaseBudapest. Enhloko-dolobha evinjezelwe, ingxenye yezimoto zakhe yacekelwa phansi. Kwakhiwa amanye amabutho ayi-7, anezinombolo - 7, 10, 13, 16, 20, 24 no-25. Ibutho le-10 le-"Sigetvar". ngoSeptemba 1944 wahlanganyela ngempumelelo ekulweni okunzima endaweni yaseTorda. Lapho ehoxa ngoSepthemba 13, zonke izibhamu ezizishayele kwadingeka zicekelwe phansi. Ekuqaleni kuka-1945, wonke amaZrinyi asele anikezwa I-20 "Eger" и kuya ku-24 "Košice" izimpi. Ngomhla wama-20, ngaphezu kwamathangi e-Zrinja - 15 Hetzer fighter (ukukhiqizwa kweCzech), wahlanganyela ezimpini kusukela ngo-March 1945. Ingxenye yebutho lama-24 yafela eBudapest. Isibhamu esizishayelayo "Zrinyi II" (40/43M Zrinyi) Chofoza esithombeni ukuze ukhulise Amayunithi okugcina, ahlome ngeZrinya, anikezela endaweni yaseCzechoslovakia. Kakade ngemva kwempi, amaCzech enza ezinye izivivinyo futhi asebenzisa isibhamu esisodwa esizishayelayo njengokuqeqesha ekuqaleni kwawo-50s. Ikhophi engaqediwe ye-Zrinyi, etholwe kuma-workshops embonini yaseGanz, yasetshenziswa emkhakheni wezakhamuzi. Ikhophi esele ye "Zrinya" II, eyayinegama layo elithi "Irenke", isemnyuziyamu eKubinka. "Zrinyi" - naphezu kokubambezeleka okuthile ekuxazululeni izinkinga eziningi zobuchwepheshe, kube yimoto yokulwa ephumelele kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yombono othembisayo kakhulu wokudala isibhamu sokuhlasela (esibekwe ngaphambi kwempi uJenene Guderian waseJalimane) - izibhamu ezizishayelayo ezinezikhali ezigcwele. "I-Zrinyi" ibhekwa njengemoto yokulwa ephumelelayo kakhulu yaseHungary yeMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Baphelezele ngempumelelo amasosha ahamba ngezinyawo, kodwa abakwazanga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokumelene namathangi ezitha. Esimweni esifanayo, amaJalimane aphinde ahlomisa i-"Sturmgeshütz" yabo kusukela kusibhamu esifushane kuya kusibhamu eside, ngaleyo ndlela athola umbhubhisi wamathangi, nakuba igama langaphambili - isibhamu sokuhlasela - lagcinwa kubo. Umzamo ofanayo wabaseHungary wehluleka. Imithombo: M. B. Baryatinsky. Amathangi aseHonvedsheg. (Iqoqo Lezikhali No. 3 (60) - 2005); I.P. Shmelev. Izimoto zezikhali zaseHungary (1940-1945); UDkt. Peter Mujzer: Ibutho laseRoyal Hungarian, 1920-1945.