Amasosha aseHungary eMpi Yezwe II

Izingxenye zeRegiment yokuqala Yezimoto Yesigaba sokuqala sePanzer eMpumalanga Front; ihlobo 1

Kumadlelandawonye aseJalimane alwa e-Eastern Front phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, iRoyal Hungarian Army - Magyar Királyi Homvédség (MKH) yathumela ibutho elikhulu kunawo wonke lamasosha ahlomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMbuso waseHungary wawunemboni eyayikwazi ukuklama futhi ikhiqize izikhali (ngaphandle kokuthi uMbuso wase-Italy kuphela ongayenza).

Ngo-June 1920, 325, isivumelwano sokuthula phakathi kweHungary nezifunda ze-Entente sasayinwa eGrant Trianon Palace eVersailles. Izimo ezazishiwo yiHungary zazinzima: indawo yezwe yancishiswa isuka ku-93 yaya ku-21 km², futhi inani labantu lisuka ezigidini eziyi-8 laya kwezingu-35. IHungary kwadingeka ikhokhe izinxephezelo zempi, yenqatshelwe ukugcina ibutho elingaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane. 1920 abantu. izikhulu namasosha, abe nebutho lasemoyeni, ibutho lasolwandle kanye nemboni yezempi, futhi bakhe ngisho nojantshi ohamba ngamathrekhi amaningi. Isibopho sokuqala sabo bonke ohulumeni baseHungary kwakuwukubukeza imigomo yesivumelwano noma bayenqabe ngokusobala. Kusukela ngo-Okthoba XNUMX, kuzo zonke izikole, abafundi bebekhuleka umkhuleko wesintu: Ngikholelwa kuNkulunkulu / ngiyakholelwa ku-Motherland / ngikholelwa kuBulungiswa / ngikholelwa ovukweni lwase-Old Hungary.

Kusukela ezimotweni ezihlomile kuya emathangini - abantu, izinhlelo nemishini

ISivumelwano SaseTrianon savumela amaphoyisa aseHungary ukuba abe nezimoto ezihlomile. Ngo-1922 babeyishumi nambili. Ngo-1928, ibutho laseHungary laqala uhlelo lwesimanje lobuchwepheshe lwezikhali nemishini yezempi, kuhlanganise nokwakhiwa kwamayunithi ahlomile. Kuthengiwe amathangi amathathu e-British Carden-Lloyd Mk IV, amathangi okukhanya e-Italian Fiat 3000B, amathangi ayisithupha e-Swedish m / 21-29 kanye nezimoto eziningi ezihlomile. Umsebenzi wokuhlomisa ibutho laseHungary ngezikhali ezihlomile waqala ekuqaleni kwawo-30, nakuba ekuqaleni wawuhlanganisa kuphela ukulungiswa kwamaphrojekthi kanye nezibonelo zezimoto ezihlomile.

Ukulethwa kwezimoto ezintsha ze-Csaba ezihlomile engxenyeni yomugqa; 1940

Amaphrojekthi amabili okuqala alungiswe unjiniyela waseHungary uMiklós Strausler (ngaleso sikhathi wayehlala e-UK) ngokubamba iqhaza okusebenzayo kwesitshalo i-Weiss Manfréd eBudapest. Zadalwa ngesisekelo sezimoto ezihlomile ze-Alvis AC I kanye ne-AC II. Lisebenzisa iziphetho ezitholwe ocwaningweni lwezimoto ezithengwe e-UK, ibutho laseHungary layala izimoto ezithuthukisiwe zezikhali ze-Alvis AC II, eziqokwe 39M Csaba. Bebehlome ngesibhamu sohlobo lwe-anti-tank esingu-20 mm kanye ne-8 mm machine gun. Iqoqo lokuqala lezimoto ezingama-61 laphuma endaweni yokukhiqiza i-Weiss Manfréd ngonyaka ofanayo. Enye inqwaba yezimoto ezingu-32 yayala ngo-1940, eziyishumi nambili zazo zazisenguqulo yomyalo, lapho izikhali eziyinhloko zathathelwa indawo imisakazo emibili enamandla. Ngakho-ke, i-Csaba armored car yaba imishini evamile yamayunithi okuhlola aseHungary. Inqwaba yezimoto zalolu hlobo zagcina zisembuthweni wamaphoyisa. Nokho, wayengeke agcine lapho.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-30s, izinhlinzeko zeSivumelwano Sokulahla Izikhali zase-Trianon zase zinganakwa, futhi ngo-1934 kwathengwa amathangi angama-30 L3 / 33 e-Italy, futhi ngo-1936 kwafakwa i-oda lama-tankette angu-110 enguqulweni entsha, ethuthukisiwe ye-L3. / 35. Ngokuthenga okwalandela, ibutho laseHungary lalinemikhumbi-mkhathi enziwe e-Italy engu-151, asakazwa ezinkampanini eziyisikhombisa ezabelwe amabutho agibela amahhashi namabutho anezimoto. Ngawo lowo nyaka ka-1934, ithangi elikhanyayo i-PzKpfw IA (inombolo yokubhalisa i-H-253) lathengwa eJalimane ukuze lihlolwe. Ngo-1936, iHungary yathola ithangi eliwukuphela kweLandsverk L-60 elivela eSweden ukuze lihlolwe. Ngo-1937, uhulumeni waseHungary wanquma ukusishaya indiva ngokuphelele isivumelwano sokuhoxiswa kwezikhali futhi wethula uhlelo lokwandisa nokwenza ibutho le-"Haba I" libe lesimanjemanje. Wacabanga, ikakhulukazi, ukwethulwa kwemoto entsha yezikhali kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwethangi. Ngo-1937, kwasayinwa isivumelwano ekuqaleni kokukhiqizwa kwenqwaba yethangi eHungary ngaphansi kwelayisensi yesiSwidi.

Ukuhlolwa kwethangi elikhanyayo le-Landsverk L-60 elithengwe eSweden; 1936

Ngo-March 5, 1938, undunankulu kahulumeni waseHungary wamemezela Uhlelo lwe-Gyor, olwathatha intuthuko enkulu embonini yezempi yasekhaya. Phakathi neminyaka emihlanu, imali eyizigidi eziyinkulungwane ze-pengö (cishe ingxenye yesine yesabelomali sonyaka) yayizosetshenziselwa amabutho ahlomile, okwakuzosetshenziswa izigidi ezingu-600 zayo ngokuqondile ekwandiseni ibutho laseHungary. Lokhu kwakusho ukwanda okusheshayo nokuthuthukiswa kwebutho lesimanje. Ibutho lalizokwamukela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, izindiza, izikhali, amasosha e-parachute, i-flotilla yomfula kanye nezikhali zezikhali. Imishini yayizokhiqizwa ekhaya noma ithengwe ngemalimboleko evela eJalimane nase-Italy. Ngonyaka uhlelo olwamukelwa ngalo, ibutho lalinezikhulu namasosha angu-85 (ngo-250 - 1928), inkonzo yezempi eyimpoqo yeminyaka emibili yabuyiselwa. Uma kunesidingo, kungaqoqwa abantu abangu-40. amarizevu aqeqeshiwe.

U-Miklos Strausler naye wayenolwazi oluthile lokuklama izikhali, amathangi akhe i-V-3 kanye ne-V-4 ahlolelwa ibutho laseHungary, kodwa walahlekelwa ithenda yezimoto ezihlomile zokuya ethangini laseSweden i-L-60. Lesi sakamuva sathuthukiswa unjiniyela waseJalimane u-Otto Marker futhi sahlolwa kusukela ngoJuni 23 kuya kuJulayi 1, 1938 ezindaweni zokuhlola i-Heymasker neVarpalota. Ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, uGeneral Grenady-Novak uhlongoze ukwenza izingcezu ezingu-64 ukuqedela izinkampani ezine, okwakuzoxhunyaniswa nama-brigade amabili anezimoto kanye nama-brigade amabili amahhashi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, leli thangi lagunyazwa ukukhiqizwa njenge-38M Toldi. Emhlanganweni wango-September 2, 1938 eHhovisi Lezempi nabamele i-MAVAG neGanz, kwenziwa izinguquko ezithile ohlelweni lokuqala. Kunqunywe ukuthi ithangi lihlomise inganono engu-36-mm 20M (ilayisensi ye-Solothurn), engadubula ngenani lama-rounds angu-15-20 ngomzuzu. Kufakwe isibhamu somshini esingu-34 mm Gebauer 37/8 kumkhumbi.

I-prototype yethangi lokuqala lempi yebutho laseHungary - uToldi; 1938

Ngenxa yokuthi amaHungary ayengenaso isipiliyoni sokukhiqiza amathangi, inkontileka yokuqala yezimoto ezingama-80 Toldi yabambezeleka. Ezinye izingxenye kwadingeka zithengwe eSweden naseJalimane, kuhlanganisa. Izinjini ze-Bussing-MAG. Lezi zinjini zakhiwe embonini ye-MAVAG. Babehlonyiswe ngamathangi e-Toldi okuqala angama-80. Ngenxa yalokho, imishini yokuqala yalolu hlobo yaphuma emgqeni womhlangano ngo-March 1940. Amathangi anezinombolo zokubhalisa kusukela ku-H-301 kuya ku-H-380 aqokwe njenge-Toldi I, nezinombolo zokubhalisa kusukela ku-H-381 kuya ku-H-490 nanjenge-Toldi II. . Amayunithi okuqala angama-40 akhiwe embonini ye-MAVAG, amanye e-Ganz. Ukulethwa kwaqala ngo-Ephreli 13, 1940 kuya kuMeyi 14, 1941. Endabeni yamathangi e-Toldi II, isimo sasifana, izimoto ezinezinombolo zokubhalisa ezivela ku-H-381 kuya ku-H-422 zakhiqizwa embonini ye-MAVAG, futhi kusukela ku-H- 424 kuya ku-H -490 e-Gantz.

Imisebenzi yokuqala yokulwa (1939-1941)

Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwezikhali zaseHungary kwenzeka ngemva kweNgqungquthela YaseMunich (September 29-30, 1938), lapho iHungary yanikezwa ingxenye eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeSlovakia - iTranscarpathian Rus; I-11 km² yomhlaba enezakhamuzi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-085 kanye nengxenye eseningizimu yeSlovakia esanda kwakhiwa - i-552 km² yezakhamuzi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1700. Umsebenzi wale nsimu uhilelekile, ikakhulukazi, i-70nd brigade enezimoto ezineqembu lamathangi okukhanya i-Fiat 2B nezinkampani ezintathu zama-tankette L3000/3, kanye ne-35st and 1nd brigades yamahhashi, ehlanganisa izinkampani ezine zama-tankette L2/3. . Amayunithi ahlomile abambe iqhaza kulo msebenzi kusukela zingama-35 kuya zingama-17 kuNdasa 23. Imikhumbi yamathangi yaseHungary yalahlekelwa okokuqala ngesikhathi ihlasela indiza yaseSlovak ohlakeni oluseduze ne-Lower Rybnitsa ngoMashi 1939, lapho uColonel Vilmos Orosvari ovela embuthweni wezempi yesibili eshona. Kwaklonyeliswa amalungu amaningana amayunithi ezikhali, okuhlanganisa: ikhephu. Tibot Karpathy, Lieutenant Laszlo Beldi and Corp. U-Istvan Feher. Ukusondelana neJalimane ne-Italy phakathi nalesi sikhathi kwagqama kakhulu; lapho la mazwe ethandeka kakhulu kubantu baseHungary, yilapho inkanuko yabo ikhula.

I-gendarme yaseHungary ethangini eliphukile laseCzechoslovak LT-35; 1939

NgoMashi 1, 1940 iHungary yakha amabutho amathathu enkundla (1st, 2nd and 3rd). Ngayinye yazo yayinezakhiwo ezintathu. Iqembu elizimele le-Carpathian nalo ladalwa. Sekukonke, ibutho laseHungary lalinezidumbu eziyi-12. Eziyisikhombisa zazo, kanye nezifunda ze-corps, zadalwa ngoNovemba 1, 1938 ezivela kuma-brigade axubile; VIII Corps eTranscarpathian Rus, ngo-September 15, 1939; I-IX Corps eNyakatho yeTransylvania (Transylvania) ngo-September 4, 1940. Amabutho ahamba ngezimoto nahambayo ebutho laseHungary ayehlanganisa ama-brigades amahlanu: i-1st and 2nd brigades yamahhashi kanye ne-1st kanye ne-2nd brigades enezimoto eyakhiwe ngo-Okthoba 1, 1938. , futhi I-1st Reserve Cavalry Brigade yasungulwa ngoMeyi 1, 1944. Ibutho ngalinye labagibeli bamahhashi lalihlanganisa inkampani yokulawula, ibutho lezikhali zamahhashi, ibutho lezikhali zezimoto, izigaba ezimbili zezithuthuthu, inkampani yamathangi, inkampani yezimoto ezihlomile, ibutho lezobunhloli, kanye nezimpi ezimbili noma ezintathu zamabhomu (ibutho). yakhiwe inkampani yezibhamu nezinkampani ezintathu zamahhashi). I-Brigade enezimoto yayinesakhiwo esifanayo, kodwa esikhundleni se-hussar regiment, yayinebutho lezibhamu ezintathu.

Ngo-August 1940, abaseHungary bangena endaweni esenyakatho yeTransylvania, ephethwe iRomania. Khona-ke impi yacishe yagqashuka. I-Hungarian General Staff yabeka usuku lokuhlasela lwango-Agasti 29, 1940. Kodwa-ke, amaRomania ngomzuzu wokugcina aphendukela eJalimane nase-Italy ukuze axoxisane. Abantu baseHungary baphinde baba abanqobi, futhi ngaphandle kokuchithwa kwegazi. Indawo eyi-43 km² enabantu abayizigidi ezi-104 yafakwa ezweni labo. Ngo-September 2,5, amasosha aseHungary angena eTransylvania, okwavunyelwa ukulamula. Bahlanganisa, ikakhulukazi, i-1940st and 1nd Cavalry Brigades enamathangi angama-2 e-Toldi.

Iyunithi yezikhali zaseHungary, efakwe amathangi ase-Italy L3 / 35, ifakwe eTranscarpathian Rus; 1939

Umyalo waseHungary wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi into yokuqala eyayibalulekile kwakuwukuhlomisa amasosha ngezikhali zezikhali. Ngakho-ke, yonke imisebenzi ehlobene nokuqiniswa kwamabutho ahlomile nokuhlelwa kabusha kwebutho kwandiswa. Amathangi aseToldi ayesevele esebenza namabutho amane amahhashi. Ukukhiqizwa kwabo kuthathe isikhathi eside kunalokho obekulindelwe. Kuze kube Okthoba 1940, ama-brigade amane ahlanganisa inkampani eyodwa kuphela yamathangi angu-18 e-Toldi. Kwaqala ukuguqulwa kwe-9th kanye ne-11 ye-self-propelled battalions ibe yi-armored, okwakuzoba yisisekelo sokwakhiwa kwe-brigade yokuqala yaseHungary. Isibalo samathangi alo mkhankaso siphinde sanyuswa sisuka ku-18 saya ku-23. I-oda lamathangi e-Toldi linyuswe ngamanye amayunithi ayi-110. Zazizokwakhiwa phakathi kukaMeyi 1941 noDisemba 1942. Lolu chungechunge lwesibili lwalubizwa ngokuthi i-Toldi II futhi luhluke ochungechungeni lwangaphambilini ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kwezingxenye zaseHungary nezinto zokusetshenziswa. IHungary yasayina iSivumelwano Sabathathu (eJalimane, e-Italy naseJapane) ngoSepthemba 27, 1940.

Ibutho laseHungary labamba iqhaza ekuhlaseleni kweJalimane, i-Italy neBulgaria ngokumelene neYugoslavia ngo-1941. Ibutho Lesithathu (umlawuli: UJenene Elmer Nowak-Gordoni), elalihlanganisa i-IV Corps kaJenene u-Laszlo Horvath kanye ne-First Corps kaJenene Soltan Deklev, babelwa ekuhlaseleni. Ibutho laseHungary liphinde lathumela i-Rapid Reaction Corps esanda kwakhiwa (Umphathi: UJenene Beli Miklós-Dalnoki), eyayihlanganisa ama-brigade amabili anezimoto kanye namabutho amabili agibela amahhashi. Amayunithi anesivinini esiphezulu ayephakathi nendawo yokwakhiwa kwebutho elisha lamathangi (izinkampani ezimbili). Ngenxa yokubuthana kancane kanye nokuntuleka kwezikhali, inani lamayunithi alifinyelelanga ezindaweni zabo ezijwayelekile; isibonelo, i-3nd motorized brigade ilahlekile amathangi angu-2 e-Toldi, izimoto ezihlomile ze-Chaba ezingu-10, izithuthuthu ezingu-8 nezinye izimoto ezingu-135. Amathathu kulawa mabutho athunyelwa ngokumelene neYugoslavia; I-21st and 1nd brigades motorized (inani lama-Toldi amathangi angu-2) kanye ne-54nd yamahhashi yamahhashi yayihlanganisa ibutho le-motorized reconnaissance nenkampani ye-tankettes L2 / 3/33 (amayunithi angu-35), inkampani yamathangi "Toldi" ( 18 pcs.) Nemoto ehlomile yenkampani yezimoto iCsaba. Umkhankaso waseYugoslavia ka-18 wawuyi-debut yezimoto ezintsha ezihlomile ebuthweni laseHungary. Phakathi nalo mkhankaso, izingxabano zokuqala ezinkulu zebutho laseHungary zenzeka.

AmaKhadethi e-Hungarian Military Academy of Empress Louis (Magyar Királyi Hond Ludovika Akadémia) asendleleni yokuthola izimoto ezintsha zezikhali.

AbaseHungary balahlekelwa imoto yabo yokuqala ehlomile ngo-Ephreli 11, 1941, i-L3 / 35 tankette yacekelwa phansi imayini, kwathi ngo-Ephreli 13 eduze kwaseSenttamash (Srbobran) izimoto ezimbili ezihlomile zeChaba ezivela enkampanini yezimoto ezihlomile zebutho lesibili labagibeli bamahhashi zacekelwa phansi. . Bahlasela izinqaba zenkundla yesitha ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwezikhali, futhi isitha se-anti-tank gun 2-mm sabakhipha ngokushesha empini. Phakathi kwamasosha ayisithupha ashonile kwakukhona uLieutenant omncane. Laszlo Beldi. Ngalo lolo suku, imoto yesikhombisa yezikhali nayo yafa, kwaphinde kwaba umphathi wenqola yomyalo we-Chaba, umkhuzi weqembu, uLieutenant Andor Alexei, owadutshulwa phambi kwesikhulu saseYugoslavia esizinikezele esikwazi ukufihla isibhamu sakhe. Ngomhla ziyi-37 kuMbasa, imoto ehlomile yakwa-Csaba evela eqenjini lokuqala lamasosha ahamba ngezimoto yashayisana nekholomu yebutho laseYugoslavia eduze nedolobha laseDunagalosh (Glozhan) ngesikhathi ligada. Abasebenzi bemoto baphula insika bathatha iziboshwa eziningi.

Ngemva kokuhamba amakhilomitha angu-5, ithimba elifanayo lashayisana neqembu lesitha labagibeli bamabhayisikili, nalo labhujiswa. Ngemva kwamakhilomitha angu-8 eningizimu yePetrots (Bachki-Petrovac), i-rearguard yesinye sezikhulu zaseYugoslavia yahlangatshezwana nayo. Izisebenzi zangabaza isikhashana. Kuvulwe umlilo oshubile ovela kunganono engu-20 mm, wawisa amasosha ezitha. Ngemva kwehora lokuzabalaza, konke ukumelana kwanqamuka. Umkhuzi wezimoto ezihlomile, i-corporal. U-Janos Toth waklonyeliswa ngendondo yezempi ephakeme kunazo zonke yaseHungary - iNdondo Yegolide Yesibindi. Lesi sikhulu esingathunywanga akusona sodwa esangena emlandweni wamabutho aseHungary ahlomile ngezinhlamvu zegolide. Ngo-April 1500, uCaptain Geza Möszoli kanye nePanzer Squadron Toldi bathumba amasosha aseYugoslavia angu-14 eduze kwaseTitel. Izinsuku ezimbili zokulwa namayunithi angemuva ahlehlayo eYugoslavia (April 13-14) endaweni yedolobha lasePetrets (Bachki-Petrovac), ibutho lokuqala lezibhamu zezimoto lalahlekelwa abangu-1 kwathi abangu-6 balimala, ukuthatha iziboshwa ezingu-32 nokuthola isamba esikhulu semishini nezinto ezisetshenziswayo.

Ebuthweni laseHungary, umkhankaso waseYugoslavia ka-1941 wawuyisivivinyo sokuqala esibucayi sezikhali ezihlomile, izinga lokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi nabaphathi babo, nokuhlelwa kwesisekelo sezingxenye ezihambayo. Ngomhla ziyi-15 kuMbasa, ama-brigade ahamba ngezimoto e-Rapid Corps axhunywe eqenjini lezempi laseJalimane likaGeneral von Kleist. Amayunithi ahlukene aqala ukumasha e-Barania ebheke eSerbia. Ngosuku olulandelayo bawela umfula iDrava bathumba i-Esheki. Base bebhekisa amabombo eningizimu-mpumalanga endaweni ephakathi kwemifula iDanube neSava, bebheke eBelgrade. AbaseHungary bathatha uViunkovci (Vinkovci) noŠabac. Kusihlwa ngo-April 16, baphinde bathatha iValjevo (amakhilomitha angu-50 ekujuleni kwensimu yaseSerbia). Ngo-April 17, umkhankaso wokulwa neYugoslavia waphela ngokuzinikela kwawo. Izifunda zaseBačka (eVojvodina), iBaranya, kanye neMedimuria nePrekumria, zahlanganiswa neHungary; kuphela 11 km², nezakhamuzi 474 (1% Hungarians). Abanqobi baqambe lezo zindawo ngokuthi "Izindawo ZaseNingizimu Ezibuyiselwe".

Umzuzu wokuphumula wabasebenzi bemoto yezikhali i-Chaba ngesikhathi somkhankaso waseYugoslavia wango-1941.

Entwasahlobo ka-1941, kwabonakala ngokucacile ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwebutho laseHungary kwakunemiphumela ebonakalayo; kakade kwase kunamadoda angu-600 XNUMX. izikhulu namasosha, nokho, abakakwazi ukwenza ngcono kakhulu isimo sezikhali, njengoba nje nezindawo ezigcinwe kuzo zingagcinwanga, zazingekho izindiza zesimanje ezanele, izindiza ezilwa nezindiza kanye nezibhamu namathangi okulwa namathangi.

Kuze kube nguJuni 1941, ibutho laseHungary lalinamathangi angama-85 e-Toldi ekulungiseleleni ukulwa. Ngenxa yalokho, amabutho ahlomile angu-9 kanye ne-11 ayehlanganisa izinkampani ezimbili zamathangi ngamunye, ngaphezu kwalokho, ayengaphelele, ngoba kwakukhona izimoto ezingu-18 kuphela enkampanini. Ibutho ngalinye lamabutho amahhashi lalinamathangi ayisishiyagalombili e-Toldi. Kusukela ngo-1941, umsebenzi wokudala amathangi washesha, ngoba iHungary yayingasadingeki ukungenisa noma yiziphi izingxenye nezingxenye. Nokho, okwamanje, inkulumo-ze yafihla lokhu kushiyeka ngokufundisa amasosha nezakhamuzi, ibiza amasosha ebutho laseHungary ngokuthi “angcono kakhulu emhlabeni.” Ngo-1938-1941 adm. UHort, ngokusekelwa uHitler, wakwazi ukuphinda axoxisane ngemikhawulo yeSivumelwano SaseTrianon cishe ngaphandle kokulwa. Ngemva kokunqotshwa kweCzechoslovakia amaJalimane, abaseHungary badla iNingizimu yeSlovakia neTranscarpathian Rus, kamuva nenyakatho yeTransylvania. Ngemva kokuba amandla e-Axis ehlasele iYugoslavia, athatha ingxenye yeBanat. AmaHungary "akhulula" abantu bakubo abayizigidi ezi-2, futhi indawo yombuso yanda yaba yizinkulungwane ezingu-172. km². Intengo yalokhu kufanele ibe phezulu - ukubamba iqhaza empini ne-USSR.

Ukuqeqeshwa kweyunithi yezikhali zaseHungary ngokubambisana namasosha ahamba ngezinyawo; Tank Toldi enguqulweni yomkhuzi, ngoMeyi 1941.

Ukungena Esihogweni - USSR (1941)

IHungary yangenela impi ngokumelene ne-USSR kuphela ngoJuni 27, 1941, ngaphansi kwengcindezi eqinile evela eJalimane nangemva kokuhlasela okusolwa kweSoviet eKosice yaseHungary yangaleso sikhathi. Kuze kube namuhla, akukaqinisekiswa ngokusobala ukuthi izindiza zikabani eziqhumise idolobha ngamabhomu. Lesi sinqumo sathola ukwesekwa okukhulu kwabaseHungary. I-Fast Corps (umphathi: UJenene Bela Miklós) waba nengxenye ekulweni kanye ne-Wehrmacht njengengxenye yamabutho amathathu ahlome ngamathangi angama-60 L / 35 kanye namathangi angama-81 e-Toldi, ayeyingxenye yeqembu lokuqala le-motorized brigade (gen. Jeno) enkulu , 1th Tank Battalion), 9nd Motorized Brigade (General Janos Wörös, 2th Armored Battalion) kanye ne-11st Cavalry Brigade (General Antal Wattay, 1st Armored Cavalry Battalion). Ibutho ngalinye lalinezinkampani ezintathu, isamba sezimoto ezihlomile ezingama-1 (ama-tankette angu-54 L20/3, amathangi angama-35 e-Toldi I, inkampani yezimoto ezihlomile i-Csaba kanye nezimoto ezimbili zenkampani ngayinye yasendlunkulu - amathangi namathangi). Kodwa-ke, ingxenye yemishini ye-armored Division yeyunithi yamahhashi yayiyi-L20 / 3 tankettes. Inombolo yenkampani ngayinye ethi "35" yahlala ngemuva njengendawo egciniwe. Amabutho ahlomile aseHungary empumalanga ayehlanganisa amathangi angama-1, amathangi angama-81 kanye nezimoto ezihlomile ezingama-60. AmaHungary ayengaphansi komyalo we-German Army Group South. Ohlangothini lwesokudla bajoyinwa iQembu Lokuqala Le-Panzer, amabutho e-48 neye-1, futhi ohlangothini lwesobunxele amabutho aseRomania yesi-6 neyesine kanye nebutho le-17 lamaJalimane.

uNimrod - isibhamu esihle kakhulu sokulwa nendiza yebutho laseHungary; 1941 (ephinde isetshenziswe njengesibhubhisi ithangi).

Imashi yeqembu laseCarpathian, elihlanganisa i-Rapid Corps, yaqala ngoJuni 28, 1941, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuphela kokuhlushwa nokuhlushwa kwamayunithi omzimba aqala ukulwa ophikweni lwesokudla ngoJulayi 1, 1941. Umgomo oyinhloko yeRapid Corps yayizothatha iNadvortsa, iDelatin, iKolomyia neSnyatyn. I-2nd brigade yezimoto yathatha i-Delatin ngoJulayi 2, futhi ngosuku lwesibili - i-Kolomyia ne-Gorodenka. Umsebenzi wokuqala we-1st motorized rifle brigade kwaba ukumboza iphiko eliseningizimu ye-2nd motorized rifle brigade, abalwi balo balwa endaweni yaseZalishchikov naseGorodenka. Ngenxa yokulwa okulinganiselwe namaSoviet, akazange angene empini futhi ngoJulayi 7 wawela iDniester eZalishchyky ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu. Ngosuku olulandelayo, i-1st Motorized Brigade yathatha idolobhana laseTluste eMfuleni iSeret, futhi ngoJulayi 9 lawela uMfula iZbruch eSkala. Ngalolo suku iqembu laseCarpathian lahlakazwa. Phakathi nalezi zinsuku eziyishumi nambili zokulwa, ukushiyeka okuningi "kwebutho elingenakunqotshwa" kwembulwa: lalihamba kancane futhi linesisekelo esincane kakhulu sobuchwepheshe. AmaJalimane anquma ukuthi i-Fast Corps izoqhuba ezinye izimpi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-brigades amasosha aseHungary athunyelwa ukuba ahlanze ingaphakathi kusuka ezinsalela zamayunithi ezitha ezihluliwe. AbaseHungary baba yingxenye ye-17th Army ngokusemthethweni ngoJulayi 23, 1941.

Naphezu kobunzima bendawo, amayunithi athuthukile we-Fast Corps akwazi ukuthumba amathangi angu-10, izibhamu ezingu-12 namaloli angu-13 kusukela esitheni kusukela ngoJulayi 12 kuya ku-11. Kusihlwa ngo-Julayi 13, emagqumeni asentshonalanga ye-Filyanovka, abasebenzi bamathangi ase-Toldi okokuqala babhekana nobunzima obukhulu. Izimoto zenkampani yesi-3 yebutho le-9 lezikhali ezihlomile ezivela ku-1st motorized rifle brigade zahlangabezana nokuphikiswa okunenkani kwe-Red Army. Ithangi likaCaptain. UTibor Karpathy wacekelwa phansi yisibhamu esilwa nethangi, umkhuzi walimala, kwabulawa amanye amalungu amabili ezisebenzi. Ithangi eliphukile nelinganyakazi lomkhuzi webutho laliyisilingo nesilingo esilula. Umkhuzi wethangi lesibili, uSgt. UPal Habal wasiqaphela lesi simo. Ngokushesha wasusa iloli lakhe phakathi kwenganono yaseSoviet kanye nethangi lomyalo elingenakunyakaziswa. Izisebenzi zemoto yakhe zazama ukuqeda indawo yokudubula isibhamu esilwa nethangi, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya. Umcibisholo waseSoviet uphinde washaya ithangi likaSergeant. Habala. Izisebenzi ezintathu zabulawa. Kulamathangi ayisithupha, kwasinda eyodwa kuphela, uCpt. I-Karpaty. Naphezu kwalokhu kulahlekelwa, ezinye izimoto ze-battalion zabhubhisa izibhamu ezintathu ze-anti-tank ngalolo suku, ziqhubeka nohambo lwazo oluya empumalanga futhi ekugcineni zithumba uFilyanovka. Ngemva kwale mpi, ukulahlekelwa inkampani 3 kwaba 60% wezifunda - kuhl. Kushone amathangi ayisishiyagalombili, kwalimala amathangi ayisithupha akwaToldi.

Amathangi aseHungary angena kwelinye lamadolobha ase-USSR; Julayi 1941

Amaphutha edizayini e-Toldi abangele abalimala abaningi kunokulwa, futhi kwaba kuphela ukuthunyelwa kwezinto zokuthutha eziyisipele ngomhla ka-14 Julayi, kanye noomakhenikha abengeziwe, okwaxazulula inkinga kancane. Kwenziwa nemizamo yokubuyisela ukulahleka kwemishini. Kanye naleli qembu, amathangi angu-14 e-Toldi II, izimoto ezingu-9 zezikhali ze-Csaba kanye nama-tankette angu-5 L3 / 35 athunyelwa (iqembu lafika kuphela ngo-Okthoba 7, lapho i-Rapid Corps yayiseduze ne-Krivoy Rog e-Ukraine). Isithende sangempela sika-Achilles kwakuyinjini, kangangokuthi ngo-August kuphela amathangi angama-57 e-Toldi ayeqaphile. Ukulahlekelwa kwakhula ngokushesha, futhi ibutho laseHungary lalingakakulungeli lokhu. Noma kunjalo, amasosha aseHungary aqhubeka ethuthuka empumalanga, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokulungiselela kahle.

Izimoto ezihlomile zeHungarian Operational Corps e-Ukraine; Julayi 1941

Ngemva kwesikhashana, amasosha e-1st Motorized Brigade kanye ne-1st Cavalry Brigade anikezwa umsebenzi wokugqekeza i-Stalin Line. Amasosha e-1st motorized brigade e-Dunaevtsy ayengowokuqala ukuhlasela, futhi ngoJulayi 19 bakwazi ukufohla ezindaweni eziqinile endaweni yaseBar. Phakathi nalezi zimpi, kwaze kwaba nguJulayi 22, balimaza noma bacekela phansi amathangi angama-21 aseSoviet, izimoto eziyi-16 ezihlomile nezibhamu eziyi-12. AbaseHungary bakhokhele le mpumelelo ngokulahlekelwa kwabangu-26, abalimele abangu-60 nabangu-10 abalahlekile, izimoto ezingu-15 ezihlomile zithole umonakalo ohlukahlukene - eziyisikhombisa kwezingu-12 zaseToldi zalungiswa. Ngomhla zingama-24 kuJulayi, ibutho lesibili lesibhamu esinezimoto lacekela phansi izimoto ezingu-2 ezihlomile, lathumba izibhamu eziyi-24 futhi laxosha ukuhlasela okuqinile kweRed Army esifundeni saseTulchin-Bratslav. Ngokokuqala ngqa kusukela ekuqaleni komkhankaso, abathwali bezisebenzi zaseHungary, izisebenzi zamathangi e-Toldi kanye nezimoto ezihlomile ze-Chaba, bacekela phansi inqwaba yezimoto zokulwa ezihlomile zezitha, ikakhulukazi amathangi amancane nezimoto ezihlomile. Kumele kuvunywe, nokho, ukuthi iningi labo lacekelwa phansi umlilo wezikhali ezilwa namathangi kanye nezikhali ezilwa nezindiza. Naphezu kwempumelelo yokuqala, amabutho e-brigade abhajwe odakeni olunzima emgwaqeni oya eGordievka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Red Army yaqhubeka nokuhlasela. Ukusekelwa kweHungary kwakufanele kunikezwe abagibeli bamahhashi baseRomania abavela ku-8rd Cavalry Division, kodwa bavele bahlehla ngaphansi kwengcindezi yesitha. I-Hungary 3nd motorized brigade isenkingeni enkulu. Ibutho lezempi laqala ukuhlasela ngakwesokudla, kodwa amaSoviet awazange alahle ithemba. Kulesi simo, umkhuzi wamasosha asheshayo wathumela ibutho le-2 lezempi le-11st motorized rifle brigade kanye ne-1st armored battalion ye-1st yamahhashi brigade ukusiza, ukushaya ngemuva ukumboza i-1nd motorized rifle brigade. Ekugcineni, ngoJulayi 2, abaseHungary bakwazi ukususa indawo yamasosha ezitha. I-counterattack iphumelele, kodwa ingaxhunyiwe, ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwezikhali kanye nomoya. Ngenxa yalokho, abaseHungary balahlekelwa kakhulu.

Endaweni ethile ngemuva kwe-Eastern Front ehlobo lika-1941: ugandaganda we-KV-40 kanye nemoto ehlomile "Chaba".

Ngesikhathi sokulwa, kwalahleka amathangi angu-18 L3/35 avela ku-1st Cavalry Brigade. Ekugcineni, kwanqunywa ukuhoxisa lolu hlobo lwemishini emgqeni wangaphambili. Kamuva ama-tankette asetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuqeqesha emaphoyiseni nasezikhungweni zamasosha, futhi ngo-1942 amanye awo adayiselwa ibutho laseCroatia. Ekupheleni kwenyanga, izindawo zokulwa zezimpi zamathangi zancishiswa zaba usayizi wenkampani. Uphiko lwesibili lwezimoto oluhamba ngezimoto lulodwa lwalahlekelwa abangu-2, kwalimala abangu-22, abangu-29 abadukile kwathi amathangi angu-104 acekelwa phansi noma alimala phakathi kuka-301 no-10 July. Ezimpini zikaGordievka, izikhulu zamasosha ahlomile zalahlekelwa kakhulu - izikhulu ezinhlanu zafa (kwabayisishiyagalombili bafa emkhankasweni waseRussia ka-32). Izimpi ezinonya zikaGordievka zifakazelwa yiqiniso lokuthi uLieutenant Ferenc Antalfi webutho le-1941 lethangi wabulawa empini yezandla. Naye washona, phakathi kwabanye uLieutenant Wesibili u-András Sötöri kanye noLieutenant Alfred Söke.

Ngo-August 5, 1941, abaseHungary babesenamathangi e-Toldi angu-43 aselungele ukulwa, amanye angu-14 ahudulwa ngama-trailer, angu-14 ezitolo zokulungisa izimoto, angu-24 acekeleke phansi. Ezimotweni ezingu-57 zezikhali ze-Csaba, ezingu-20 kuphela ezazisebenza, ezingu-13 zazisalungiswa, ezingu-20 zabuyiselwa ePoland ukuze zilungiswe. Zine kuphela izimoto zakwaCsaba ezicekeleke phansi. Ekuseni ngo-Agasti 6, eningizimu ye-Umaniya, izimoto ezimbili ze-Chaba ezihlomile ezivela ku-1st Cavalry Brigade zathunyelwa ukuze zihlolwe endaweni yaseGolovanevsk. Ukuqapha okufanayo ngaphansi komyalo kaLaszlo Meres kwakuwukufunda isimo endaweni. Umyalo we-High-Speed ​​​​Corps wayazi ukuthi amaqembu amaningi amasosha aseSoviet ayezama ukugqekeza indawo ezungezile. Endleleni eya eGolovanevsk, izimoto ezihlomile zashayisana namabutho amabili amahhashi, kodwa izinhlangothi zombili azizange ziqaphele.

Ukulethwa kwangaphakathi kwamathangi amasha e-Toldi light (ngaphambili) kanye nezimoto ezihlomile ze-Csaba ngezidingo zomugqa ongaphambili; 1941

Ekuqaleni, abaseHungary babekholelwa ukuthi lawa kwakungamadoda agibele amahhashi aseRomania, futhi abagibeli bamahhashi babengaqapheli uhlobo lwemoto ehlomile. Abasebenzi bezimoto zaseHungary bezwa eduze kuphela ukuthi abagibeli bakhuluma isiRashiya nokuthi izinkanyezi ezibomvu zazibonakala kumakepisi azo. Ngokushesha uChaba wavulela inhlamvu eshubile. Kwasinda amasosha ambalwa agibela amahhashi amabutho amabili e-Cossack. Zombili izimoto ezihlomile, zihamba neziboshwa ezimbili zempi, zaya engxenyeni eseduze, okwakuyikholomu yezimpahla zaseJalimane. Iziboshwa zashiywa lapho kwaze kwaphenywa. Kwakusobala ukuthi kwakulungile ukucabanga ukuthi amasosha engeziwe aseSoviet ayefuna ukufohla endaweni efanayo lapho ibutho laseHungary lashaya khona abagibeli bamahhashi.

AbaseHungary babuyela endaweni efanayo. Nakulokhu, uHorus Meresh nabangaphansi kwakhe bathola amaloli angama-20 anamasosha eRed Army. Kusukela ebangeni elingama-30-40 m, abaseHungary bavula umlilo. Iloli lokuqala lasha langqongqa. Ikholomu yesitha yamangala. I-patrol yaseHungary yabhubhisa ngokuphelele yonke ikholomu, yabangela ukulahlekelwa okubuhlungu kumasosha e-Red Army ehamba kuwo. Abasinde emlilweni obulalayo kanye namanye amadoda e-Red Army, esondela ohlangothini olufanayo njengoba impi iqhubeka, bazama ukugqekeza eduze komgwaqo omkhulu, kodwa bavinjelwa izimoto ezimbili zezikhali zaseHungary. Ngokushesha kwavela amathangi amabili ezitha emgwaqeni, cishe ama-T-26. Abasebenzi bazo zombili lezi zimoto zaseHungary bashintshe izinhlamvu bashintsha inganono engu-20 mm ukuze badubule ezimotweni ezihlomile. Impi yayibukeka ingalingani, kodwa ngemva kokushaya okuningi, elinye lamathangi aseSoviet laphuma emgwaqeni, futhi abasebenzi balo balishiya babaleka. Imoto ibalwa njengecekeleke phansi ku-akhawunti kaCorporal Meresh. Phakathi nalokhu kushintshaniswa komlilo, imoto yakhe yalimala, futhi ucezu lwe-projectile eyadutshulwa inganono engu-45-mm T-26 yalimaza ilungu lezisebenzi elaliguqe ekhanda. Umphathi wanquma ukuhlehla, ehambisa abalimele esibhedlela. Ngokumangalisayo, ithangi lesibili laseSoviet nalo lahlehla.

amathangi Hungarian "Toldi" e-USSR; ihlobo 1941

Imoto yesibili ehlomile ye-Chaba yahlala enkundleni yempi futhi yaqhubeka idubula emasosheni e-Red Army esondelayo, ixosha okunye ukuhlasela kwabo kwesibindi, kwaze kwafika amasosha aseHungary. Ngalolo suku, empini eyathatha amahora amathathu, izisebenzi zazo zombili izimoto zezikhali ze-Csaba zadubula imizuliswano engu-12 000mm kanye nemizuliswano engu-8 720mm. U-Ensign Meres wakhushulelwa esikhundleni sokuba u-lieutenant omncane futhi waklonyeliswa ngeNdondo Yesikhulu Segolide ngobuqhawe. Wayeyisikhulu sesithathu ebuthweni laseHungary ukuthola lolu dumo oluphakeme. Umkhuzi wesibili wezimoto zikaChaba, uSgt. U-Laszlo Chernitsky, naye, waklonyeliswa ngendondo ye-Big Silver ngenxa yesibindi.

Kusukela eshumini lesibili likaJulayi 1941, yizilwi kuphela ze-High-Speed ​​​​Corps ezazilwa ngaphambili. Lapho engena ekujuleni kwe-USSR, abaphathi baseHungary bahlakulela amaqhinga amasha empi, okwabasiza ngempumelelo ukulwa nesitha. Ukunyakaza kwamayunithi anesivinini esikhulu kwenzeka emigwaqweni emikhulu. Amabutho ahamba ngezimoto ahamba ngezindlela ezihlukene ezihambisanayo, kwaqalwa amahhashi phakathi kwawo. Ukusunduza kokuqala kwe-brigade kwakuyibutho lokuhlola, eliqiniswe inqwaba yamathangi alula kanye nezibhamu ezilwa nezindiza ezingu-40 mm, zisekelwa ithimba lama-sappers, izilawuli zomgwaqo, amabhethri ezikhali kanye nenkampani yezibhamu. Ukuphonswa kwesibili kwakuyibutho lezibhamu ezinenjini; kwesesithathu kuphela lapho amabutho amakhulu e-brigade ahamba khona.

Izingxenye ze-Fast Corps zalwa engxenyeni eseningizimu ye-front ukusuka e-Nikolaevka nge-Isyum kuya eMfuleni iDonetsk. Ekupheleni kukaSeptemba 1941, ibutho ngalinye lezikhali lalinenkampani eyodwa kuphela ye-Toldi, izimoto ezingu-35-40. Ngakho-ke, zonke izimoto ezisetshenziswayo zahlanganiswa zibe yibutho elilodwa elihlomile, eladalwa ngesisekelo sebutho lokuqala lamahhashi ahlomile. Izingxenye zama-brigade anezimoto zazizoguqulwa zibe amaqembu empi. NgoNovemba 1, izinhlaka ze-ambulensi zahoxiswa eHungary, lapho zafika khona ngoJanuwari 15, 5. Ukuze ubambe iqhaza ku-Operation Barbarossa, amaHungary akhokhe ngokulahlekelwa kwabantu abangu-1942, wonke amathangi e-L4400 kanye nama-3% amathangi e-Toldi, kwabangu-80 ukubamba iqhaza emkhankasweni waseRussia ka-95: izimoto ezingu-1941 zabhujiswa ezimpini, kanti ezingu-25 zazingekho emthethweni ekuhlulekeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bonke babuyiselwa enkonzweni. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-January 62, kuphela 1942nd kuphela armored amahhashi ibutho kwadingeka inani elikhulu amathangi serviceable (eyishumi nanye).

Imikhuba emihle kakhulu, okokusebenza okusha nokuhlelwa kabusha

Ekupheleni kuka-1941, kwacaca ukuthi ithangi le-Toldi lalingasetshenziswa kancane enkundleni yempi, ngaphandle nje kwemishini yokuhlola. Izikhali zazincane kakhulu futhi noma yiziphi izikhali ezilwa nethangi zesitha, okuhlanganisa nesibhamu se-anti-tank esingu-14,5 mm, zingamkhipha empini, futhi izikhali zakhe zazinganele ngisho nasezimotweni zezikhali zesitha. Kulesi simo, ibutho laseHungary lalidinga ithangi elisha eliphakathi. Kwahlongozwa ukuthi kwakhiwe imoto ye-Toldi III, enezikhali ezingu-40 mm kanye nesibhamu esilwa nethangi esingu-40 mm. Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwesimanje kwabambezeleka futhi ngo-12 kuphela amathangi amasha angu-1943 alethwa! Ngaleso sikhathi, ingxenye ye-Toldi II yakhiwe kabusha ku-Toldi IIa ejwayelekile - isibhamu esingu-40 mm sasetshenziswa futhi izikhali zaqiniswa ngokungeza amapuleti ezikhali.

Amathangi acekeleke phansi nacekeleke phansi e-Fast Corps alinde ukuthunyelwa ezikhungweni zokulungisa zezwe; 1941

Ukukhiqizwa kwesibhamu esizishayelayo esingu-40M uNimrod kwandisa amandla okudubula amayunithi ahlomile aseHungary. Lo mklamo wawusekelwe ku-chassis ethuthukisiwe, enkulu yethangi le-L-60, i-Landsverk L-62. Isibhamu sezindiza ezingama-40 mm se-Bofors, esesivele sikhiqizwe eHungary, safakwa endaweni yesikhulumi esihlomile. Ibutho layala i-prototype ngo-1938. Ngemva kokuhlola nokuthuthukiswa, kuhl. isikebhe esikhulu esinezinhlamvu ezanele, kwakhishwa i-oda ngo-Okthoba 1941 ngezibhamu ezizishayelelayo ezingu-26 uNimrod. Kwahlelwa ukuba ziguqulwe zibe izibhubhisi zamathangi, nomsebenzi wesibili wokuqhuba ukuzivikela emoyeni. Umyalelo kamuva wanda futhi ngo-1944 izibhamu ze-Nimrod ezingu-135 zase zikhiqizwe.

Izibhamu zokuqala ezingama-46 zikaNimrod ezizishayelayo zashiya imboni ye-MAVAG ngo-1940. Amanye angu-89 a-odwa ngo-1941. Iqoqo lokuqala lalinezinjini ze-German Büssing, eyesibili isivele inamayunithi kagesi enziwe e-Hungarian esitshalweni sase-Ganz. Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zesibhamu sikaNimrod nazo zalungiswa: I-Lehel S - imoto yezokwelapha kanye ne-Lehel Á - umshini wama-sappers. Nokho, abazange baye ekukhiqizeni.

Ithangi elimaphakathi lebutho laseHungary lakhiwe kusukela ngo-1939. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinkampani ezimbili zaseCzech, iCKD (Ceskomoravska Kolben Danek, Prague) neSkoda, zacelwa ukuba zilungiselele imodeli efanelekayo. Ibutho laseCzechoslovakia lakhetha iphrojekthi ye-CKD V-8-H, eyathola igama elithi ST-39, kodwa umsebenzi waseJalimane wezwe waluqeda lolu hlelo. I-Skoda, yona, yanikeza iphrojekthi ye-tank S-IIa (enguqulweni ye-S-IIc yamaHungary), kamuva eyathola igama elithi T-21, futhi enguqulweni yokugcina - T-22. Ngo-August 1940, ibutho Hungarian wakhetha inguqulo eguquliwe T-22 nabasebenzi abathathu kanye injini enamandla esiphezulu 260 hp. (ka-Weiss Manfred). Inguqulo eyisisekelo yemodeli entsha yethangi laseHungary yaqokwa i-40M Turan I. I-Hungary yathola ilayisense yokwenza isibhamu esilwa nethangi i-Czech A17 40mm, kodwa salungiselelwa izinhlamvu zezibhamu ezingama-40mm Bofors, njengoba zase zikhiqizwa kakade I-Hungary.

Ukulungiswa kwethangi laseHungary i-PzKpfw 38 (t) yeqembu lokuqala lesigaba sokuqala se-armored; ihlobo 1

I-prototype tank "Turan" isilungile ngo-August 1941. Kwakuwumklamo ojwayelekile waseYurophu wama-30s asekupheleni kokubili maqondana nezikhali kanye namandla omlilo. Ngeshwa abaseHungary, lapho ithangi lingena empini e-Ukraine futhi lijule e-USSR, lase lingaphansi kwezimoto zokulwa nesitha, ikakhulukazi amathangi e-T-34 ne-KW. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngemva kokuguqulwa okuncane, kwaqala ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial ye-Turan I, eyahlukaniswa phakathi kwezimboni ze-Weiss Manfred, Ganz, MVG (Györ) kanye ne-MAVAG. I-oda lokuqala lalingamathangi angama-190, kwathi ngoNovemba 1941 inani lazo lenyuka laya ku-230, kwathi ngo-1942 laya ku-254. Ngo-1944, kwakhiqizwa amathangi angama-285 eTuran. Okuhlangenwe nakho kokulwa kwe-Eastern Front kwabonisa ngokushesha ukuthi isibhamu esingama-40 mm akwanele, ngakho amathangi aseTuran aphinde afakwe isibhamu esifushane esingu-75 mm, ukukhiqizwa kwawo okwaqala cishe ngokushesha ngo-1941. Amamodeli aphelile amathangi ahlonywe ngalokhu ngo-1942. Ngenxa yokuthi ibutho laseHungary lalingenaso isibhamu sezinga elikhulu, lawa amathangi ahlukaniswa njengesisindo. Ngokushesha baba yingxenye ye-1st and 2nd Panzer Divisions kanye ne-1st Cavalry Division (1942-1943). Le moto ibe nezinye izinguqulo.

IsiHungary PzKpfw IV Ausf. I-F1 (le nguqulo ifake isibhamu esinemigqomo emifushane engu-75 mm) ukuze siqondise ku-Don; ihlobo 1942

Enye edume kakhulu kwakuyi-41M Turan II. Leli thangi bekufanele libe yi-analogue yesiHungary ye-German PzKpfw III kanye ne-PzKpfw IV. Isibhamu esingu-41 mm M75 sakhiwa yi-MAVAG ngokususelwa kusibhamu sasensimini esingu-18 mm 76,5M Bohler, kodwa izinga laso lalungiswa futhi lajwayela ukukhwezwa ethangini. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi wonke umsebenzi wesimanje waqala ngo-1941, amaqoqo lokuqala Turan II amathangi wafika amayunithi kuphela May 1943. Le moto yayiyizicucu ezingu-322. Nokho, kuze 139, kuphela 1944 amathangi Turan II akhiqizwa.

Okuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu kwezinyanga zokuqala zokulwa ngaphambili nakho kwaholela ekushintsheni ekuklanyweni kwamathangi e-Toldi. Izibonelo ezingu-80 (40 Toldi I: H-341 kuya ku-H-380; 40 Toldi II: H-451 kuya ku-H-490) zakhiwe kabusha e-Gantz. Babehlonyiswe ngenganono engu-25mm L/40 (efana nephrojekthi ye-Straussler V-4). Amathangi eTuran I afakwe inganono engu-42mm MAVAG 40M, okwakuwuhlobo olufushanisiwe lwenganono engu-41mm 51M L/40. Basebenzise izinhlamvu zezibhamu ze-Bofors anti-aircraft ezisetshenziswa ezibhamuni ezizishayelayo zikaNimrod. Ekupheleni kuka-1942, imboni ye-Ganz yanquma ukwakha inguqulo entsha yethangi le-Toldi ngezikhali ezinkulu kanye nesibhamu esingu-42mm 40M esivela ku-Toldi II. Kodwa-ke, isinqumo esathathwa ngo-April 1943 sokukhiqiza izibhamu ezizishayayo ze-Turan II kanye ne-Zriny saholela eqinisweni lokuthi ishumi nambili lama-Toldi III akhiqizwa phakathi kuka-1943 no-1944 (kusuka ku-H-491 kuya ku-H-502). Ngo-1943, wona lawo mafekthri akwaGantz aguqula iToldi Is eyisishiyagalolunye yaba yizimoto zokuthutha izingane. Le nqubo ayizange ibe yimpumelelo ikakhulukazi, ngakho lezi zimoto zaphinde zakhiwa kabusha, kulokhu zaba ama-ambulensi ezikhali (kuhlanganise ne-H-318, 347, 356 kanye ne-358). Kwenziwa nemizamo yokwelula impilo yezimoto zakwaToldi ngokuzama ukwenza ababhubhisi bamathangi. Lezi zenzakalo zenzeka ngo-1943-1944. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwafakwa izibhamu zaseJalimane ezingama-40 mm Pak 75, ezimboza amapuleti ezikhali ezivela ezinhlangothini ezintathu. Nokho, lo mbono wagcina ulahliwe.

I-Węgierska 1. I-DPanc ihamba empumalanga (1942-1943)

AmaJalimane ahlatshwa umxhwele ukubaluleka kokulwa kwamathangi aseHungary futhi akwazisa kakhulu ukubambisana nezikhulu namasosha ombutho osheshayo. So akumangazi ukuthi kwa adm. UHorta kanye nomyalo waseHungary wokuba bathumele ngaphambili ibutho lezikhali elihoxisiwe ku-Rapid Corps, amaJalimane ayesebhekane nalo kakade. Ngenkathi umsebenzi usaqhubeka ethangini elisha eliphakathi, umyalo wawuhlela ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlela kabusha ibutho laseHungary ukuze lizivumelanise kangcono nezimfuneko ze-Eastern Front. Uhlelo lwe-Hub II lufuna ukwakhiwa kwezigaba ezimbili zezikhali ezisekelwe kumabutho akhona anezimoto. Njengoba kunikezwe ukukhiqizwa kancane kwamathangi, umyalo waqaphela ukuthi baphoqeleka ukuba basebenzise izimoto ezihlomile zangaphandle ukuze basebenzise izinhlinzeko eziyinhloko zohlelo ngo-1942. Kodwa-ke, imali yayingekho, ngakho kwanqunywa ukuthi i-1st Panzer Division izokwakhiwa kusetshenziswa amathangi avela eJalimane kanye ne-2nd Panzer Division esebenzisa amathangi aseHungary (Turan) ngokushesha nje lapho izinombolo zabo zitholakala.

AmaJalimane adayise amathangi angu-102 e-PzKpfw eHungary. 38(t) ngezinguqulo ezimbili: F kanye no-G (eyaziwa ngokuthi i-T-38 ngesevisi yesiHungary). Balethwa kusukela ngoNovemba 1941 kuya kuNdasa 1942. AmaJalimane nawo aletha ama-22 PzKpfw. I-IV D kanye ne-F1 enesibhamu esifushane esingu-75 mm (amathangi asindayo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwathunyelwa amathangi e-PzBefWg I angu-8. Entwasahlobo ka-1942, i-1st Panzer Division ekugcineni yasungulwa ngesisekelo se-1st Motorized Brigade. Leli qembu lalilungele ukulwa ngo-March 24, 1942, elihloselwe i-Eastern Front. Isigaba besihlome nge-89 PzKpfw 38(t) kanye ne-22 PzKpfw IV F1. AbaseHungary bakhokhe izigidi ezingu-80 zamapengő ngalezi zimoto. Ama-Allies aphinde aqeqesha abasebenzi balolu phiko eSikoleni Samasosha e-Wünsdorf. Amathangi amasha aqale ukusebenza ne-30th Tank Regiment entsha. Ngayinye yempi yayo emibili yezikhali yayinezinkampani ezimbili zamathangi aphakathi namathangi e-Toldi (1st, 2nd, 4th and 5th) kanye nenkampani yamathangi asindayo (3rd and 6th), ahlome izimoto "Turan". Ibutho lokuqala lokuhlola lalihlome ngamathangi angu-1 e-Toldi kanye nezimoto ezihlomile ze-Chaba, kanti i-14st tank destroyer division (isigaba se-51st motorized armored artillery) yayifakwe izibhamu ezingu-51 ze-Nimrod kanye namathangi angu-18 e-Toldi. Esikhundleni se-High-Speed ​​​​Corps, ngo-Okthoba 5, 1, kwasungulwa i-1942st Tank Corps, ehlanganisa izigaba ezintathu; I-1st and 1nd Panzer Divisions, zombili ezihamba ngokugcwele futhi zixhunywe ku-2st Cavalry Division (kusukela ngo-September 1 - i-1944st Hussar Division), eyayihlanganisa ibutho lethangi lezinkampani ezine. I-Corps ayizange isebenze njengokwakheka okuhlangene.

I-PzKpfw 38(t) - isithombe esithathwe entwasahlobo ka-1942, ngaphambi kokuba ithangi lithunyelwe e-Eastern Front.

I-1st Panzer Division yahoxa eHungary ngoJuni 19, 1942 futhi yafakwa ngaphansi kwe-2nd Hungarian Army e-Eastern Front, eyayihlanganisa nezigaba eziyisishiyagalolunye zezingane. Amanye amayunithi amabili ahlomile, izinkampani zamathangi ze-101 ne-102, nazo zidluliselwe phambili, ezisekela izenzo zokulwa neqembu lamayunithi aseHungary e-Ukraine. Eyokuqala yayifakwe amathangi aseFrance: i-15 Hotchkiss H-35 ne-H39 kanye nabaphathi ababili be-Somua S-35, okwesibili - ngamathangi okukhanya aseHungary nezimoto ezihlomile.

Amayunithi aseHungary ayengakwesobunxele samaJalimane eqhubekela phambili eStalingrad. I-1st Panzer Division yaqala indlela yayo yokulwa ngochungechunge lwezingxabano ne-Red Army e-Don ngoJulayi 18, 1942 eduze kwase-Uriv. I-Hungarian 5th Light Division yalwa nezingxenye ze-24th Panzer Corps, eyayinikezwe umsebenzi wokuvikela indawo engakwesokunxele ku-Don. Ngaleso sikhathi, amathange amathathu e-Toldi asele abuyiselwe eHungary. Amathangi aseHungary angena empini ekuseni ngo-July 18. Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa iqalile, uLieutenant Albert Kovacs, umkhuzi weqembu le-3rd lamathangi anzima, uCaptain V. Laszlo Maclarego wabhubhisa i-T-34. Njengoba impi iqala ngobuqotho, enye i-T-34 yaba isisulu sabaseHungary. Kwasheshe kwacaca ukuthi amathangi okukhanya e-M3 Stuart (avela ezinsizakalweni zokubolekwa kwemali yase-US) abeyizinjongo ezilula kakhulu.

U-Ensign Janos Vercheg, umlobeli wezempi owayeyingxenye yeqembu le-PzKpfw 38 (t), wabhala ngemva kwempi: ... ithangi laseSoviet lavela phambi kwethu ... Kwakuyithangi eliphakathi [M3 kwakuwukukhanya. ithangi, kodwa ngokwezindinganiso zebutho laseHungary lalibhekwa njengethangi eliphakathi - cishe. ed.] futhi sadubula kabili sibheke ngakithi. Akekho kubo owasishaya, sasisaphila! Isibhamu sethu sesibili sambamba!

Amathangi okuthutha ujantshi "Toldi" endleleni edabula iCarpathians eya eMpumalanga Front.

Kumelwe ngivume ukuthi impi ngokwayo yayinonya kakhulu. AmaHungary akwazi ukuthola inzuzo yamaqhinga enkundleni yempi, futhi avimbela ukuhoxiswa kwamathangi aseSoviet ehlathini. Phakathi neMpi Yase-Uriv, lolu phiko lwabhubhisa amathangi esitha angama-21 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa, ikakhulukazi ama-T-26 kanye ne-M3 Stuarts, kanye nama-T-34 amaningana. AbaseHungary bengeze amathangi amane athunjiwe e-M3 Stuart emikhumbini yabo.

Ukuxhumana kokuqala neyunithi yezikhali zaseSoviet kwenza abantu baseHungary baqaphela ukuthi izibhamu ezingu-37 mm PzKpfw 38(t) zazingenamsebenzi ngokuphelele ngokumelene namathangi esitha aphakathi (T-34) nasindayo (KW). Kwenzeka okufanayo ngamayunithi ezinsana, ayengakwazi ukuzivikela ngokumelene namathangi esitha ngenxa yezindlela ezilinganiselwe ezitholakalayo - isibhamu se-anti-tank esingu-40 mm. Amathangi ezitha ayishumi nambili akhishwe kule mpi aba izisulu ze-PzKpfw IV. I-ace yempi kwakungukapteni. U-Jozsef Henkey-Hoenig weNkampani yesi-3 ye-51st Tank Destroyer Battalion, abasebenzi bayo abacekele phansi amathangi ezitha ayisithupha. Umyalo we-2nd Army waphendukela eBudapest ngesicelo esiphuthumayo sokuthumela amathangi afanele kanye nezikhali zokulwa nethangi. NgoSepthemba 1942, kwathunyelwa i-10 PzKpfw III, 10 PzKpfw IV F2 kanye nabacekeli bethangi abayisihlanu be-Marder III bathunyelwa bevela eJalimane. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukulahlekelwa kwesigaba kwase kukhuphukele ku-48 PzKpfw 38(t) kanye no-14 PzKpfw IV F1.

Phakathi nezimpi zasehlobo, omunye wamasosha anesibindi kwakunguLieutenant Sandor Horvat we-35th Infantry Regiment, okwathi ngoJulayi 12, 1941 wabhubhisa amathangi e-T-34 ne-T-60 anezimayini kazibuthe. Iphoyisa elifanayo lalimala izikhathi ezine ngo-1942-43. futhi waklonyeliswa ngeNdondo Yegolide Yesibindi. Amasosha ahamba ngezinyawo, ikakhulukazi lawo anezimoto, anikeze ukwesekwa okukhulu ekuhlaselweni kokugcina kwe-1st Armored Battalion kanye ne-3rd Company ye-51st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Ekugcineni, ukuhlaselwa kweqembu elihlomile laseHungary kwaphoqa i-4th Guards Tank Brigade kanye ne-54th Tank Brigade ukuba ishiye ibhuloho futhi ibuyele ebhange elisempumalanga yeDon. Kuphela i-130 tank brigade yahlala phezu kwebhuloho - emkhakheni we-Uriv. Amabutho ahlomile ahlehlayo ashiye izimoto ezihlomile nezinqola zezibhamu ezizinjini ebhulohweni.

Eminye imikhumbi yempi yaseHungary edolobheni laseKolbino; ngasekupheleni kwehlobo 1942

Ukulahlekelwa kweSoviet kwaqala ukwanda kakhulu, futhi umzabalazo wabantu baseHungary ngokwabo waba lula lapho behlanganiswa namathangi e-PzKpfw IV F1 kanye nezibhamu ezizishayelayo zikaNimrod. Sebeqedile umsebenzi wokubhubhisa. Umlilo wabo ukuvimbele ngempumelelo ukuhlehla kweRed Army ngokusebenzisa ibhuloho. Izikebhe eziningana nezikebhe zicekelwe phansi. U-Ensign Lajos Hegedyush, umphathi weqembu lenkampani yamathangi asindayo, ucekele phansi amathangi amabili okukhanya aseSoviet, abesevele ekolunye uhlangothi lweDon. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukwethulwa kweHungary bekukuncane, kunamathangi amabili kuphela e-PzKpfw 38(t) awonakele. Imoto eyayisebenza kahle kakhulu yilena eyayenziwe inkampani. U-Janos Rosik ovela enkampanini yamathangi yesi-3, abasebenzi bakhe abacekele phansi izimoto ezine ezihlomile zezitha.

Ekuqaleni kuka-August 1942, i-Soviet 6th Army yazama ukudala nokwandisa ngangokunokwenzeka amabhuloho ogwini olusentshonalanga yeDon. Ezimbili ezinkulu zazitholakala eduze kwase-Uriva naseKorotoyak. Umyalo we-2nd Army awuzange uqonde ukuthi igalelo eliyinhloko lalizoya e-Uryv, hhayi e-Korotoyak, lapho iningi le-1st Panzer Division laligxilwe khona, ngaphandle kwebutho le-reconnaissance elisanda kuthunyelwa e-Uryv.

Ukuhlasela, okwaqala ngo-10 Agasti, kwaqala kabi kakhulu kubantu baseHungary. I-Artillery yashisa ngephutha amasosha e-23 Infantry Regiment ye-20th Light Division, eyaqala ukuqhubekela phambili eStorozhevoye ngakwesokunxele. Iqiniso liwukuthi elinye lama-battalion lithuthuke ngokushesha kakhulu. Ukuhlasela kokuqala kwamiswa ezindaweni zokuzivikela ezilungiselelwe kahle ze-53rd endaweni enezivikelo eziqinile ze-PC. A.G. Daskevich kanye nengxenye ye-25th Guards Rifle Division Colonel. PM Safarenko. Amathangi ebutho lezempi lokuqala ahlangabezane nokuphikiswa okuqinile nokunqunyiwe eqenjini lama-anti-tank lama-Soviet lama-1. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqembu akhethekile ezempi aqeqeshelwe ukucekela phansi izimoto zokulwa ezihlomile ayelinde amathangi aseHungary. Abasebenzi bamathangi kwakudingeka basebenzise izibhamu namabhomu esandla ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi kwezinye izimo baze badubulane ngezibhamu ukuze balahle izikhali zeRed Army. Ukuhlasela kanye nayo yonke impi kwaphenduka ukwehluleka okukhulu.

Izibhamu ezizimele zika-Nimrod ezizimele ze-51st Tank Destroyer Battalion, ngo-1942

Elinye lamathangi lashayisa imayini eduze kwaseKorotoyak lasha kanye nabo bonke abasebenzi. Ibutho laseHungary elihamba ngezinyawo lalahlekelwa kakhulu ngenxa yeziteleka zokuhlasela kweSoviet kanye nezindiza zamabhomu; naphezu kokuzivikela emoyeni okuphumelelayo. ULieutenant uDkt. Istvan Simon wabhala: “Kwakuwusuku olubi kakhulu. Labo abangakaze babe lapho abasoze bakholwe noma abasoze bakholwe... Saqhubekela phambili, kodwa sabhekana nomlilo wezikhali onzima kangangokuthi saphoqeleka ukuba sihlehle. UCaptain Topai ushonile [uCaptain Pal Topai, umkhuzi wenkampani yamathangi yesibili - cishe. ed.]. ... Ngizokhumbula impi yesibili ye-Uryv-Storozhevo.

Ngosuku olulandelayo, ngo-August 11, izimpi ezintsha zenzeka endaweni Krotoyak, ekuseni ekuseni ibutho ithangi 2 watshelwa futhi wabangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu ehlasela Red Army. Ukulahlekelwa ohlangothini lwaseHungary kwakungasho lutho. Eminye i-1st Panzer Division yalwa e-Korotoyak kanye ne-German 687th Infantry Regiment ye-336th Infantry Division ngaphansi kukaGeneral Walter Lucht.

Ithangi laseHungary PzKpfw IV Ausf. I-F2 (le nguqulo ifake isibhamu esinemigoqo eside esingu-75 mm) esivela ku-30th Tank Regiment, ekwindla ka-1942.

I-Red Army yahlasela endaweni yaseKrotoyak ngo-August 15, 1941. Ngesikhashana nje, wonke amasosha aseHungary ayematasa exosha ukuhlasela kwezitha. Ngosuku lokuqala kuphela, amathangi angu-10 aseSoviet abhujiswa, ikakhulukazi i-M3 Stuart ne-T-60. I-PzKpfw IV F1 ye-Lajos Hegedus, ecekele phansi ama-M3 Stuarts amane, yashayiswa imayini kanye namahithi aqondile ambalwa. Kushone umshayeli nomsakazo. Phakathi nalezi zimpi, kwavezwa ukushiyeka okuthile ekuqeqesheni amasosha aseHungary. Ekupheleni kosuku, umkhuzi we-687th Infantry Regiment, uLieutenant Colonel Robert Brinkmann, wabika kumphathi we-1st Armored Division, uGeneral Lajos Veres, ukuthi amasosha aseHungary avela eqenjini lakhe awakwazanga ukusungula ukubambisana okuseduze nebutho lakhe. ukuzivikela. kanye nokuhlasela.

Ukulwa okushubile kwaqhubeka usuku lonke. Amathangi aseHungary abhubhisa amathangi amabili aphakathi kwesitha, kodwa alahlekelwa kakhulu. Isikhulu esinolwazi kakhulu, umphathi wenkampani yesibili, uLieutenant Jozsef Partos, ushonile. I-PzKpfw 2(t) yakhe ibe nethuba elincane ngokumelene ne-T-38. Ama-PzKpfw 34(t) amabili ase-Hungary acekelwe phansi ngephutha ngesikhathi sokushisa kwempi oshayasibhamu baseJalimane abavela ku-38th Infantry Regiment. Ukulwa eKrotoyak kwaqhubeka izinsuku ezimbalwa ngamandla ahlukahlukene. I-Hungarian 687st Armored Division ngo-Agasti 1, 18, yabala ukulahlekelwa kwayo, okwabulala abangu-1942, abangu-410 abalahlekile kwathi abangu-32 balimala. Ngemuva kwempi, i-1289th Tank Regiment yayine-30 PzKpfw 55(t) kanye ne-38 PzKpfw IV F15 ekulungiseleleni ukulwa okugcwele. Amanye amathangi angama-1 abesezindaweni zokukhanda. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezalandela, i-35th Light Division kanye ne-12st Panzer Division yahoxiswa e-Korotoyak. Indawo yabo yathathwa yi-German 1th Infantry Division, eyavala i-bridgehead yaseSoviet ekuqaleni kuka-September 336. Kulo msebenzi, wayesekelwa ibutho lesibhamu sokuhlasela lama-1942 likaMajor Heinz Hoffmann kanye nendiza yaseHungary. AmaSoviet aqaphela ukuthi ayengenawo amandla anele okubamba amabhuloho amabili, futhi anquma ukugxila entweni ebaluleke kakhulu kubo - Uryva.

Ibhujiswe ngokuphelele i-PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1 I-Corporal Rasik; INqabayokulinda, ngo-1942

Izingxenye ze-1st Panzer Division ziphumule, zigcwaliswe ngabasebenzi kanye nemishini. Kwabuya amathangi engeziwe ema-workshops aya kumayunithi olayini. Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, inani lamathangi asebenzisekayo lase likhuphuke lafinyelela ku-5 Toldi, 85 PzKpfw 38(t) kanye no-22 PzKpfw IV F1. Ukuqinisa futhi bekuza, okufana namathangi amane e-PzKpfw IV F2 anesibhamu esinemigoqo engu-75 mm ubude. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ekupheleni kuka-August 1942, izimiso zokuvikela umoya zeqembu laseHungary lezempi zadubula izindiza eziyizitha ezingu-63. Kulezi, izibhamu ezizishayelayo zikaNimrod ezivela ku-51st tank destroyer battalion zabhaliswa 40 (38?)

Ekuqaleni kuka-September 1942, amasosha aseHungary ayelungiselela umzamo wesithathu wokuqeda ibhuloho le-Urivo-Storozhevsky. Amathangi bekufanele abambe iqhaza eliphambili kulo msebenzi. Uhlelo lwalungiswa nguJenene Willibald Freiherr von Langermann no-Erlenkamp, ​​umkhuzi we-XXIV Panzer Corps. Ngokusho kwalolu hlelo, ukuhlasela okuyinhloko kwakufanele kuqondiswe eStorozhevoye ohlangothini lwesobunxele, futhi ngemva kokubanjwa kwayo, i-1st Panzer Division yayizohlasela ihlathi lase-Ottisia ukuze ibhubhise wonke amasosha aseSoviet ngemuva. Khona-ke amabutho ezitha ayezoqedwa ngokuqondile phezu kwebhuloho. Ngeshwa, ujenene waseJalimane akazange acabangele iziphakamiso zezikhulu zaseHungary, ezazivele zilwe kabili endaweni. Amandla we-1st Panzer Division acelwa ukuba ahlasele amabutho avikela ibhuloho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokufohla ehlathini, ngqo eSelyavnoye. Ujenene waseJalimane wayekholelwa ukuthi isitha sasingeke sibe naso isikhathi sokuthumela iziqinisekiso ngaphesheya kwebhuloho.

Ukuhlasela kwamasosha aseHungary ngoSepthemba 9, 1942 kwaphawula ukuqala kwesinye sezahluko ezichitha igazi kakhulu ezimpini zaseDon. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesokunxele, i-German 168th Infantry Division (Commander: General Dietrich Kreiss) kanye ne-Hungarian 20th Light Division (Commander: Colonel Geza Nagye), esekelwa i-201st Assault Gun Battalion, bekumele bahlasele iStorozhevoe. Nokho, babhekane nezivikelo eziqinile futhi intuthuko yabo yayihamba kancane. Akumangazi ukuthi i-Red Army yayinezinyanga ezingaba yinyanga yokuguqula izikhundla zabo zibe inqaba yangempela: amathangi e-T-34 ambiwe kanye nezimayini ezingu-3400 ezitholakala ku-bridgehead zenza umsebenzi wazo. Ntambama, iqembu lempi elivela ku-1st Battalion, i-30th Tank Regiment, eyalwe nguCapt MacLary, yathunyelwa ukusekela ukuhlasela. Usayitsheni Janos Chismadia, umkhuzi we-PzKpfw 38 (t), wazihlukanisa kakhulu ngalolo suku. I-Soviet T-34 yavela ngokuzumayo ngemuva kwamasosha aseJalimane ahlaselayo, kodwa ithimba lamasosha aseHungary lakwazi ukuyibhubhisa eduze kakhulu; okwakuyisenzakalo esiyivelakancane kakhulu. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, umkhuzi wamathangi washiya imoto yakhe ukuze acekele phansi izindawo zokukhosela ezimbili ezinezibonelelo ezenziwa ngesandla. Ngalolo suku, yena nabaphathi bakhe bakwazi ukuxosha iziboshwa zempi ezingu-30. Usayitsheni waklonyeliswa ngeSilver Order of Courage.

PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1. Njenge-Wehrmacht, i-Hungarian 1st Panzer Division yayinezikhali ezimbalwa kakhulu ezifanele ukumelana ngokugcwele ne-Soviet KW ne-T-34.

Impi yathuthela edolobhaneni ngokwalo nasezindaweni ezizungezile ngomhlaka-10 Septhemba. Amathangi e-PzKpfw IV enkampani yesithathu acekele phansi ama-T-3 amabili ne-KW eyodwa futhi aphoqa ukuthi amathangi e-34th tank brigade ukuthi ahlehle empumalanga yedolobhana. Amabili kulawa amathangi acekelwe phansi inkampani. Janos Rosik. Lapho abaseHungary, bedudula isitha emuva, bacishe bawushiya umuzi, inqola kaRoshik yashaywa igobolondo lenganono engu-116-mm. Ithangi laqhuma, bonke abasebenzi bafa. I-76,2th Tank Regiment ilahlekelwe omunye wabasebenzi bayo abanolwazi olunzulu.

Amabutho ahlangene aseJalimane-Hungarian athumba iStorozhevoye, alahlekelwa amanye amathangi amabili e-PzKpfw 38(t). Phakathi nale mpi, uSgt. UGyula Boboytsov, umphathi weqembu lenkampani yesithathu. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngakwesokunene, i-3th Light Division yahlasela i-Urive, yathatha iningi lezinhloso zayo phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izingxenye zeqembu zaphoqeleka ukuba zihlehle ngenxa yochungechunge lokuhlasela okukhulu kweSoviet. Ekuseni ngo-September 13, yonke indawo yaseStorozhev yayithathwe amasosha aseJalimane-Hungarian. Inqubekelaphambili eyengeziwe yanqunywa imvula enkulu.

Ntambama, amathangi aseHungary athunyelwa ukuba ayohlasela ehlathini lase-Ottissia, kodwa amiswa izibhamu ezilwa namathangi ezidubula ezindaweni zokukhosela emaphethelweni ehlathi. Izimoto eziningi zilimele kabi. U-Peter Luksch (okhushulelwe esikhundleni esikhulu ekupheleni kukaSepthemba), umkhuzi webutho lesibili lezikhali, walinyazwa kanzima esifubeni ucezu lwegobolondo ngenkathi engaphandle kwethangi. Ukapteni wathatha umyalo. UTibor Karpaty, umphathi wamanje wenkampani yesi-2. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-brigades amathangi angama-5 no-6 adluliselwa ku-Bridgehead ye-Soviet 54th Army, ehlanganisa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, amathangi anamandla angu-130 kW kanye nenqwaba ye-T-20.

Omunye wemikhumbi ehamba phambili yaseHungary, uLieutenant Istvan Simon; 1942

Ngo-September 12, 1942, amasosha aseJalimane-Hungarian aphoqeleka ukuba ashintshe indlela eyinhloko yokuhlasela. Ekuseni, umlilo osindayo wezikhali ovela ogwini olusempumalanga yeDon wehlela amaHungary namaJalimane alungiselela ukushaya. ULieutenant Colonel Endre Zador, umkhuzi we-30th Armored Regiment, uLieutenant Colonel Rudolf Resch walimala kanzima, umyalo webutho wathathwa umkhuzi we-1st Armored Battalion. Naphezu kwesiqalo esingaphumelelanga, ukuhlasela kwaba yimpumelelo. Umkhuzi webutho elisha, ohola ukuhlasela ngegagasi lokuqala, wacekela phansi izibhamu eziyisithupha zokulwa nethangi kanye nezibhamu ezimbili zasensimini. Efika phansi kwe-Hill 187,7, washiya inqola yakhe futhi wabamba iqhaza ekuhlaselweni okuqondile, wanciphisa izindawo ezimbili zokufihla izitha. Ngemva kokuba amathangi aseHungary elahlekelwe kakhulu, amasosha aseSoviet axosha amasosha aseHungary egqumeni elibalulekile enkabeni yebhuloho. Amasosha e-168th Rifle Division aqala ukumba izikhundla ezivele zithathwe. Sekuzohlwa, kwavela amathangi e-KW ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Ekupheleni kosuku, ukuhlasela okukhulu kweSoviet kwaxosha amaJalimane ezindaweni zawo zokuzivikela e-Hill 187,7. Ikepisi lebutho lezempi lesibili. UTibor Karpatego wayalelwa ukuba abhekane nokuhlasela. UCorporal Mocker wachaza impi ngalolo suku:

Sivuke ngo-4:30 salungiselela ukushiya isikhundla. UCorporal Gyula Vitko (umshayeli) waba nephupho lokuthi ithangi lethu lishayiswe... Nokho, uLieutenant Halmos akazange asivumele ukuba sicabange isikhathi eside ngalokhu kuvuma izono: “Qalisa izinjini. Isinyathelo!" ... Ngokushesha kwacaca ukuthi sasiphakathi nendawo yokuhlasela kweSoviet emgqeni wokuxhumana ... Amasosha aseJalimane ayesezikhundleni zawo, elungele ukuhlasela. ... Ngithole umbiko omfushane ovela kumphathi weqembu ohlangothini lwesokudla, mhlawumbe uLieutenant Attila Boyaska (umphathi weqembu lenkampani yesi-6), owacela usizo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka: “Bazodubula amathangi ethu ngamunye ngamunye! Eyami iphukile. Sidinga usizo ngokushesha!"

I-1st tank battalion nayo yayisesimweni esinzima. Umkhuzi wawo wacela ukusekelwa kwabakwaNimrod ukuze baxoshe amathangi aseSoviet ayehlasela. I-corporal iqhubekile yathi:

Safika ethangini likaKaputeni Karpathy, elalivutha umlilo ... Kwakukhona ifu elikhulu lentuthu nothuli elizungezile. Saqhubekela phambili saze safika endlunkulu yaseJalimane yamasosha ahamba ngezinyawo aseJalimane. ... ithangi laseRussia lalihamba linqamula insimu ngaphansi komlilo wethu onzima. Umdubuli wethu uNjerges ubuyise inhlamvu ngokushesha okukhulu. Waqhumisa amagobolondo ahlaba izikhali elandelana. Nokho, kukhona okwakungalungile. Amagobolondo ethu awakwazanga ukungena ezikhalini zethangi lesitha. Lokhu kuswelakala kwakubi kakhulu! Ibutho laseSoviet labhubhisa umkhuzi wePzKpfw 38 (t) Division Karpaty, okwathi ngenhlanhla waphuma emotweni. Ubuthakathaka bezibhamu ezingama-37 mm zamathangi aseHungary baziwa ngabaseHungary, kodwa manje kwacaca ukuthi amaSoviet nawo ayazi ngakho futhi ayezowasebenzisa. Umbiko oyimfihlo waseHungary wathi: "AmaSoviet asikhohlisa phakathi nempi yesibili yase-Uriva ... T-34s yabhubhisa cishe yonke ingxenye ye-panzer ngemizuzu embalwa."

Ngaphezu kwalokho, impi yabonisa ukuthi amayunithi armored of the division edinga PzKpfw IV, akwazi ukulwa amathangi T-34, kodwa kwakusekhona inkinga KW. Ekupheleni kosuku, ama-PzKpfw IV amane kuphela nama-PzKpfw 22(t) angu-38 aselungele impi. Ezimpini zango-September 13, abaseHungary babhubhisa ama-T-34 ayisishiyagalombili futhi balimaza ama-KV amabili. Ngo-September 14, i-Red Army yazama ukuphinda ibambe uStorozhevoe, kodwa ayizange iphumelele. Usuku lokugcina lokulwa, impi yesithathu ye-Uriv, kwakunguSepthemba 16, 1942. AbaseHungary badubule izibhamu ezinhlanu zikaNimrod ezizishayelayo ebutho le-51st tankerer battalion, okwenze impilo yamathangi aseSoviet ingabekezeleleki ezingosini ezingama-40-mm ezidubula ngokushesha. Amayunithi ezikhali zaseSoviet nawo alahlekelwa kakhulu ngalolo suku, kuhlanganisa. Amathangi angama-24 acekeleke phansi, kuhlanganisa nama-KW ayisithupha. Ekupheleni kosuku lokulwa, Ibutho Lamathangi lama-30 lalino-12 PzKpfw 38(t) kanye no-2 PzKpfw IV F1. Amasosha aseJalimane-Hungarian alahlekelwe abantu abayi-10 2. abantu: izinkulungwane eziyi-8 zabulawa zaduka kwathi izinkulungwane eziyi-XNUMX zilimala.

Ithangi laseHungary PzKpfw IV Ausf. I-F2 kanye nezinsana ezimpini ze-Krotoyak ne-Uriv; 1942

Ngo-Okthoba 3, i-German XXIV Panzer Corps yalahlekelwa umkhuzi wayo, uGeneral Langermann-Erlankamp, ​​owashona ngokuqhuma kwerokhethi engu-122-mm. Kanye nojenene waseJalimane, abalawuli be-20th Light Division kanye ne-14th Infantry Regiment, uColonel Geza Nagy noJozsef Mik, babulawa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-1st Panzer Division yayine-50% yemikhumbi yokuqala yamathangi. Ukulahlekelwa emasosheni kwakungekukhulu kangako. Kwathunyelwa izikhulu eziyisikhombisa ezinokuhlangenwe nakho eHungary, kuhlanganise nokaputeni. Laszlo Maclary; ukubamba iqhaza ekuqeqeshweni kwamathangi e-2nd Panzer Division. NgoNovemba, ukusekelwa kwafika: i-PzKpfw IV F2 ne-G eyisithupha, i-10 PzKpfw III N. Imodeli yokuqala yathunyelwa enkampanini yamathangi anzima, futhi "i-troika" yenkampani ye-5 kaLieutenant Karoli Balogh.

Ukuqinisa kanye nempahla yeqembu lezempi laseHungary lafika kancane. NgoNovemba 3, umkhuzi we-2nd Army, uGeneral Gustav Jahn, wabhikishela amaJalimane mayelana nokungakwazi ukuletha izingxenye ezisele zamathangi nempahla. Nokho, kwenziwa imizamo yokuletha izimpahla nezikhali ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngenhlanhla azikho izingxabano ezinkulu. Okuwukuphela kokungqubuzana lapho izingxenye zengxenye yezikhali zaseHungary zahlanganyela khona kwenzeka ngo-October 19, 1942 eduze kwaseStorozhevo; Ikepisi ye-battalion ye-armored yokuqala. UGezi Mesolego wacekela phansi amathangi amane aseSoviet. Kusukela ngoNovemba, i-1st Panzer Division idluliselwe endaweni yokugcina i-1nd Army. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ingxenye yesibhamu yahlelwa kabusha, yaba ibutho lezibhamu (kusukela ngoDisemba 2, 1). NgoDisemba, leli qembu lathola ama-Marders II amahlanu, okukhona iqembu lababhubhisi bamathangi elaliqondiswa uKapteni S. Pal Zergeni. Ukuhlela kabusha i-1942st Panzer Division ngoDisemba, amaJalimane athumela izikhulu eziyisi-1, izikhulu ezingagunyaziwe namasosha avela ku-6th Panzer Regiment ukuze aphinde aqeqeshwe.

Bahlanganyela ekulweni ngo-1943.

Amasosha e-2nd Panzer Division e-Don, ehlobo ngo-1942.

NgoJanuwari 2, 1943, i-1st Armored Division yafakwa ngaphansi kokulawulwa okuqondile kweqembu likaGeneral Hans Kramer, elihlanganisa i-29th and 168th Infantry Divisions, i-190th Assault Gun Battalion kanye ne-700th Armored Division. Ngalolu suku, isigaba sase-Hungary sihlanganise 8 PzKpfw IV F2 kanye no-G, 8 PzKpfw IV F1, 9 PzKpfw III N, 41 PzKpfw 38 (t), 5 Marder II kanye no-9 Toldi.

Kanye namayunithi we-2 Army, i-Panzer Division yokuqala yayinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuvikela umugqa wangaphambili we-Don, nendawo emaphakathi eVoronezh. Phakathi nokuhlasela kwasebusika kwe-Red Army, amabutho e-Army 1 ahlasela ibhuloho lase-Uriva, okuthe, ngaphezu kwesigaba sezibhamu zonogada, kwakuhlanganisa izigaba ezine zezibhamu kanye nama-brigade amathathu ahlomile anamathangi angu-40, kuhlanganise namathangi angu-164 KW kanye nama-33 T- 58 amathangi. ISoviet 34th Rifle Corps yahlasela ibhuloho leShutier, kuhlanganise namabutho amabili ahlomile anamathangi angu-18, kuhlanganise nama-99 T-56. Wayezoqhubekela phambili esuka enyakatho aye eningizimu ukuze ahlangane ne-34rd Panzer Army eKantamirovtsy. Kusukela ohlangothini lweKantemirovka, ophikweni oluseningizimu, ibutho lezempi laseSoviet lithuthukile, linamathangi angu-3 (+425?), okuhlanganisa angu-53 KV nama-29 T-221. AmaSoviet aphinde ahlinzeka ngokusekela okwanele kwezikhali, emkhakheni we-Uriv kwakuyimiphongolo engu-34 ngekhilomitha ngalinye ngaphambili, e-Shtushya - 102, naseKantemirovtsy - 108. Emkhakheni we-Uriv, ama-howitzers angu-96-mm adubula imijikelezo engu-122 9500, izibhamu ezingu-76,2-mm - 38 imizuliswano. , kanye neziqhumane zamarokhethi ezikhali - imicibisholo engu-000.

Izikhundla zamathangi aseHungary ezifihliwe; Krotoyak, Agasti 1942.

NgoJanuwari 12, 1943 njengengxenye ye-1st Hungarian Armored Division (umkhuzi: UColonel Ferenc Horváth, wakhushulelwa esikhundleni sokuba nguMajor General ngoFebhuwari 1943, iNhloko Yabasebenzi: Major Karoli

Chemez) kwaba:

• Ibutho Lokuqala Lezokuxhumana Ezisheshayo - UKapteni Cornel Palotasi;
• Iqembu lesibili le-Aircraft Anti-Aircraft Artillery - U-Major Illes Gerhardt, ohlanganisa: Iqembu lokuqala le-Motorized Medium Artillery - u-Major Gyula Jovanovich, Iqembu lesi-2 le-Motorized Medium Artillery Group - uLieutenant Colonel Istvan Sendes, i-1st Tank Destroyer Division - uLieutenant Revt Colonel 5 - U-Lieutenant Revt Colonel 51 Javans-Javanis Ibutho Lebutho Lokuqaphela uLt. Ede Galosfay, Inkampani yesi-1 Yombhubhisi Wamathangi - Capt. Pal Zergeni;
• Ibutho lokuqala lesibhamu esinemoto - uLieutenant Colonel Ferenc Lovay, ohlanganisa: Ibutho lokuqala lesibhamu esinemoto - ukapteni. U-Laszlo Varadi, ibutho lesibili lesibhamu esinemoto - uMajor Ishvan Khartyansky, ibutho lesithathu lesibhamu esinemoto - ukapteni. Ferenc Herke;
• 30th panzer pool - ppłk Andre Horváth, w składzi: kompania sztabowa - kusukela. Matyas Fogarasi, 1. zmotoryzowana kompania saperów - kpi. I-Laszlo Kelemen, ibutho lethangi lokuqala - UCaptain Geza Mesoli (inkampani yokuqala i-Czolgów - i-squadron Janos Novak, inkampani yesibili i-Czolguw - i-squadron u-Zoltan Sekey, inkampani yesithathu i-Czolguw - i-squadron u-Albert Kovacs), ibutho lesibili lamathangi - i-Dezo Vidats - inkampani ye-Czolg. , 1. kompania czołgów - port. Felix-Kurt Dalitz, 1. kompania czołgów - port. Lajos Balázs).

NgoJanuwari 12, 1943, i-Red Army yaqala ukuhlasela, okwandulelwa ukulungiswa kwezikhali ezinkulu, kulandelwa izimpi eziyisithupha ezisekelwa amathangi, ezahlasela i-3rd Battalion, 4th Regiment, 7th Light Division. Kakade ngesikhathi sokudutshulwa kwezikhali, ibutho lalahlekelwa cishe ngama-20-30% abasebenzi balo, kangangokuthi kusihlwa isitha sahlehla amakhilomitha angu-3. Ukuhlasela kwamasosha aseSoviet e-Uriv kwakufanele kuqale ngoJanuwari 14, kodwa kwanqunywa ukuthi kushintshwe uhlelo futhi kusheshiswe okuhlaselayo. Ekuseni ngo-January 13, amasosha aseHungary amasosha aqala abhekana nomlilo onzima, futhi izindawo zawo zacekelwa phansi amathangi. Ibutho laseJalimane lama-700 lamathangi, elihlome nge-PzKpfw 38 (t), lacishe labhujiswa ngokuphelele ngamathangi e-150th tank brigade. Ngosuku olulandelayo, i-Soviet 18th Infantry Corps yahlasela futhi yaphahlazeka eqenjini le-Hungarian 12th Light Division eShuce. Izikhali ze-12th Field Artillery Regiment zacekela phansi amathangi amaningi aseSoviet kodwa zingenza okuncane. Amasosha aqala ukuhlehla ngaphandle kokusekelwa okuqinile kwezikhali. Endaweni yaseKantemirovka, iSoviet 3rd Panzer Army nayo yadabula imigqa yaseJalimane, amathangi ayo athatha indlunkulu ye-XXIV Panzer Corps eShilino, eningizimu-ntshonalanga yedolobha laseRossosh, ngokumangala. Amaphoyisa namasosha ambalwa kuphela akwazile ukubaleka. NgoJanuwari 14 kwakuwusuku olubanda kakhulu ebusika ngo-1942/43. UColonel Yeno Sharkani, Isikhulu Sezisebenzi Zebutho Lesibili Lebutho Le-2, wabhala embikweni: ... yonke into yayiqhwa, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile

kulobu busika kwakungu -20°C, ngalolo suku kwakungu -30°C.

UGeneral Lajos Veres, umkhuzi we-1st Armored Division kuze kube lu-1 Okthoba 1942

Ntambama yangoJanuwari 16, amayunithi e-1st Panzer Division aqala ukuhlasela e-Woitysh, okwakuhlala kuyo i-18th Infantry Corps. Ngenxa yokuhlaselwa ngodaka, umkhuzi webutho lokuqala lezibhamu ezinenjini, uLieutenant Colonel Ferenc Lovai, walimala washona. Umyalo uthathwe uLieutenant Colonel Jozsef Szigetváry, owayalelwa ngokushesha nguGeneral Kramer ukuthi amise ukuhlasela futhi ahlehle njengoba amabutho aseHungary ayesengozini yokuzungezwa. Ngaleso sikhathi, amaSoviet ayesethuthuke ngamakhilomitha angama-1 ejula emigqeni yaseJalimane-isiHungary eduze kwase-Uriva; igebe ezikhundleni eduze Kantemirovka lalilikhulu - 60 km ububanzi futhi 30 km ukujula. I-90th Panzer Corps ye-12rd Panzer Army isivele ikhululiwe nguRossosh. NgoJanuwari 3, amayunithi ezikhali zaseSoviet kanye namasosha ahamba ngezinyawo afika e-Ostrogoshki, eyayivikela amayunithi e-Hungarian 17th Light Division kanye nebutho le-German 13th Infantry Division.

Ukuhlehla kwamathangi aseHungary PzKpfw 38 (t); Disemba 1942

Ekuseni ngovivi, i-1st Panzer Division, enama-PzKpfw III angu-38 kanye nama-PzKpfw IV amane, yethule ukuhlasela okubheke ngase-Dolshnik-Ostrogoshk, kwacekela phansi ikholomu enemoto yaseSoviet. UJenene Kramer ukhansele ukuhlasela. Enye yama-PzKpfw IV ekhubazekile yaqhunyiswa. Ngeshwa ngamayunithi esigaba, kwakukhona umgwaqo owodwa kuphela obheke e-Alekseevka, ogcwele abantu kanye nemishini, kokubili esebenzayo futhi eshiywe noma ecekelwe phansi. Ingxenye yezikhali zaseHungary ilahlekelwe kakhulu phakathi nale mashi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezingxenye ezisele kanye nophethiloli, amathangi e-PzKpfw 1 (t) acwila eqhweni, ngakho ashiywa futhi aqhunyiswa. Amathangi amaningi kwakudingeka abhujiswe esiteshini sokulungisa se-division e-Kamenka, isibonelo, ibutho le-tank lokuqala kuphela okwakudingeka liqhume i-17 PzKpfw 38 (t) ne-2 PzKpfw IV nezinye izinto eziningi.

NgoJanuwari 19, isigaba sezempi saseHungary sanikezwa umsebenzi wokuqalisa ukuhlasela kwe-Aleksievka. Ukusekela ingxenye ebuthakathaka (kuze kube nguJanuwari 25), isigaba sama-559 sababhubhisi bamathangi uLieutenant colonel. UWilhelm Hefner. Ukuhlasela okuhlanganyelwe kuqale ngo-11:00. ULieutenant Omncane uDenes Nemeth ovela kuQembu Lesibili Lokulwa Nezindiza Ezilwisana Nezindiza uchaze ukuhlasela kanje: ... sihlangabezane nomlilo osindayo, izibhamu ezinkulu nezilula. Elinye lamathangi ethu laqhunyiswa imayini, ezinye izimoto eziningi zakhishwa ... Kusukela emgwaqeni wokuqala, impi enzima yaqala yonke indlu, umzila, ngokuvamile nge-bayonet, lapho izinhlangothi zombili zalahlekelwa kakhulu.

Kucekelwe phansi amathangi akwaFiat 3000B ophiko lwamaphoyisa olusebenza ngemuva kwe-Eastern Front; ubusika 1942/43

AmaHungary abhubhisa amathangi amane ezitha. Impi yaphela ngemva kwamahora angu-2,5, abaseHungary bakwazile ukuphinde bathathe idolobha. Ukulahleka kwesigaba kube: I-PzKpfw III, eqhunyiswe imayini, kanye ne-PzKpfw IV emibili, yacekelwa phansi umlilo wezikhali ezilwa nethangi. U-Nimrod we-2nd Company, i-51st Tank Destroyer Battalion naye ushayise imayini, omunye washayisa umsele omkhulu ngesikhathi umshayeli wakhe edutshulwa ekhanda. Lo Nimrode naye wafakwa ohlwini njengokulahlekelwa okungenakubuyiseka. Ngesikhathi sokuhlasela, umkhuzi weqembu le-PzKpfw III ovela enkampanini ye-3rd tank, uSergeant V. Gyula Boboytsov. Emini, ukumelana namaSoviet, okusekelwa amathangi e-T-60, kwaphulwa ababhubhisi bamathangi baseHungary Marder II. Elinye lamaqembu okulwa aleli qembu lalimi entabeni eduze kwase-Alekseevka.

Ekuseni ngoJanuwari 19, idolobha lahlaselwa yi-Red Army evela eningizimu. Ukuhlasela kwaxoshwa, kwacekela phansi amathangi e-T-34 kanye ne-T-60. Naphezu kwalokhu kuphumelela, izenzakalo zeminye imikhakha ye-2nd Army front yaphoqa amabutho e-1st Panzer Division ukuba ahlehle entshonalanga. Ngesikhathi sokuhlehla, enye ye-Nimrods ye-1st yenkampani ye-51st tankerer battalion yabhujiswa. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi impumelelo engasho lutho ye-armored unit yaseHungary ngoJanuwari 18 no-19 yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhoxisa amasosha aseKramer, ibutho lama-20 nelama-21 nge-Alekseevka. Ngobusuku bukaJanuwari 21-1, amaqembu empi we-tank Division abhubhisa isiteshi kanye nomzila wesitimela e-Alekseevka. Ngomhla zingama-26 kuMasingana, i-168th Panzer Division kwadingeka iqalise okunye ukuhlasela ukuze kusize ukuhlehla kwe-German 13th Infantry Division. Kwalandelwa amasosha e-German 19th Infantry Division kanye ne-Hungarian 20th Light Division evikela ingaphambili e-Ostrogosk kuze kube nguJanuwari XNUMX. Amasosha okugcina aseHungary asuka e-Ostrogoshk ngokuthula kukaJanuwari XNUMX.

U-Albert Kovacs, omunye wabaphathi bamathangi abaphumelele kakhulu be-3rd Battalion, i-30th Tank Regiment.

Izingxenye ze-1st Panzer Division, ezihlanganisa ukuhlehla phakathi kwe-Ilyinka ne-Alekseevka, zahlangana neqembu lamaSoviet, elahlulwa (kwabulawa ama-80, kwabhujiswa amaloli amabili nezibhamu ezimbili ezilwa nethangi). AbaseHungary bathatha ingxenye esentshonalanga ye-Alekseevka futhi bayibamba ubusuku bonke besekelwa i-Marder II ye-559th Fighter Battalion. Ukuhlasela kaningi kwezitha kwahoxiswa, kwalahleka abantu abayisithupha. Umphikisi ulahlekelwe ngu-150-200 wabo. Emini nobusuku buka-January 22, amasosha aseSoviet ayehlala ehlasela i-Ilyinka, kodwa izingxenye zeqembu lezempi laseHungary zakuxosha ukuhlasela ngakunye. Ekuseni ngovivi ngoJanuwari 23, izibhamu ezizishayayo ze-Marder II zacekela phansi ama-T-34 nama-T-60. Ngalo lolo suku, kwaqalwa ukubaleka kusukela Ilyinka njengoba unogada isidumbu - noma kunalokho, okwakusele - Kramer. Umugqa omusha wokuzivikela eduze kwaseNovy Oskol wafinyelelwa ngoJanuwari 25, 1943.

I-prototype yomchithi wethangi laseHungary ku-chassis yethangi laseToldi. Ayizange ifakwe ekukhiqizeni; 1943-1944

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ezibandayo kodwa ezithule, ngo-January 20, amaSoviet aqala ukulwa noNovy Oskol. Enyakatho-mpumalanga yaleli dolobha, inkampani ye-tank yesi-6 yalahlekelwa umphathi wayo (bheka uLajos Balas, ngaleso sikhathi owayengaphandle kwethangi futhi wabulawa ngokushaywa ekhanda). Ukuhlasela kwesitha akukwazanga ukuvinjwa. Izingxenye zesigaba zaqala ukuhlehla ngaphansi kokuhlasela kwesitha. Kodwa-ke, babesakwazi ukuhlasela okulinganiselwe, behlisa ijubane le-Red Army futhi babambe amabutho ayo amakhulu.

Ukulwa edolobheni ngokwalo kwakushube kakhulu. Umbiko womsakazo ulondolozwe kubo, okungenzeka ukuthi uthunyelwe uCorporal Miklos Jonas: “Ngicekele phansi isibhamu sama-Russian anti-tank eduze nesiteshi. Siyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka kwethu. Sahlangana nomlilo osindayo wesibhamu kanye nomlilo omncane ovela ezakhiweni nasezimpambanweni zomgwaqo omkhulu. Komunye wemigwaqo esenyakatho yesiteshi, ngacekela phansi esinye isibhamu esilwa nethangi, esahamba ngaso sadubula amasosha angama-40 aseRussia ayephethe izibhamu. Siyaqhubeka nokuphromotha...

amathangi aseHungary i-Turan ne-PzKpfw 38(t) e-Ukraine; intwasahlobo 1943

Ngemva kwempi ngalolo suku, umkhuzi wamathangi uJonas waklonyeliswa ngendondo ephakeme kakhulu yaseHungary: Indondo Yegolide Yesibindi Yesikhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, izingxenye zeqembu zashiya idolobha futhi zabuyela edolobhaneni laseMikhailovka empumalanga yeKorocha. Ngalolu suku, lolu phiko lulahlekelwe abantu abangu-26, iningi labo abalimele, kanye nethangi elilodwa le-PzKpfw IV, eliqhunyiswe ngabasebenzi. Ukusuka kweSoviet kulinganiselwa kumasosha angaba ngu-500.

Izinsuku ezimbili ezalandela zazithule. Kuphela ngo-February 3, izimpi ezinonya kakhulu senzeka, lapho ibutho isitha baphonswa emuva Tatyanovsky. Ngosuku olulandelayo, i-1st Panzer Division yaxosha ukuhlasela okuningi kwamaSoviet futhi yaphinde yathumba idolobhana laseNikitovka, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeMikhailovka. Ngemuva kokuhoxiswa kwamanye amayunithi e-Koroche, i-1st Panzer Division nayo yahoxa. Lapho, abaseHungary babesekelwa i-168th Infantry Division kaGeneral Dietrich Kreis. Ngo-February 6, kwakukhona impi edolobheni, lapho amasosha aseSoviet athumba izakhiwo eziningana. Ekugcineni, amasosha e-Red Army axoshwa edolobheni.

Enye yezimoto ezihamba phambili zaseHungary isibhamu sokuhlasela iZrinyi II; 1943

Ngakusasa umuzi wawuzungezwe izinhlangothi ezintathu. Ngo-4:45 kwaqala ukuhlasela kweSoviet. Izibhamu ezimbili ezizishayelayo uNimrod ezilungele ukulwa, zidubula ngamafuphi, okungenani isikhashana zamisa ukuhlasela okuvela empumalanga. Ngo-6:45 ekuseni, ikholomu yesiJalimane yahoxa. Amasosha angama-400-500 aseSoviet amhlasela, ezama ukumnqamula edolobheni. Ukuhlehla kwamaJalimane kwasekelwa uNimrodius, omlilo wakhe omkhulu wavumela ikholomu ukuba ifinyelele lapho iya khona. Okuwukuphela komgwaqo oya eBelogrud wawuholela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yedolobha. Wonke amanye amayunithi asevele ayishiyile i-Krotosha. Amathangi aseHungary nawo aqala ukuhlehla, elwa izimpi ezingapheli. Phakathi nalokhu kuhoxa, uNimrode wokugcina waqhunyiswa, kanye ne-PzKpfw 38 (t) yokugcina, yabhujiswa empini ne-T-34 kanye ne-T-60s emibili. Izisebenzi zasinda zabaleka. Umhla ziyisi-7 kuFebhuwari kwakuwusuku lokugcina lwempi enkulu lapho isigaba saseHungary salwa ngasohlangothini lwasempumalanga.

I-Tank Toldi II, eyakhiwe kabusha ngokulandela imodeli yaseJalimane, ngamapuleti ezikhali eziseceleni; 1943

NgoFebhuwari 9, i-1st Panzer Division yawela iDonetsk yafika eKharkov. Ngemva kokuhlehla, amaMarders II amabili (abuyiselwa eJalimane ehlobo lika-1943) asala esenkonzweni. Ukulahlekelwa kokugcina kwaba umkhuzi we-2nd Armored Battalion, uMajor Dezeu Vidats, owashonela esibhedlela, ephethwe yi-typhus, ngoJanuwari 21, 1943. NgoJanuwari 28, lolu phiko lwalunezikhulu ezingama-316 kanye nezikhulu ezingathunywanga ezingama-7428 kanye nezizimele. Ingqikithi yokulahlekelwa kwalolu phiko ngoJanuwari nangoFebhuwari 1943 yaba izikhulu ezingama-25 zabulawa kwathi ezingama-50 zalimala, ezinye eziyi-9 zanyamalala, phakathi kwamaphoyisa angathunywanga izinombolo zazimi kanjena - 229, 921 kanye ne-1128; futhi phakathi kwezikhundla kanye nefayela - 254, 971, 1137. Isigaba sabuyiselwa eHungary ekupheleni kuka-March 1943. Sekukonke, i-2nd Army yalahlekelwa phakathi kukaJanuwari 1 no-April 6, 1943 96 amasosha: 016 balimala, bawa kanzima. bagula futhi bathunyelwa ku-frostbite eHungary, futhi abantu abangu-28 babulawa, bathunjwa noma baduka. Izingxenye zeVoronezh Front ezimpini neHungary zalahlekelwa amasosha angama-044, okubandakanya abantu abangama-67 972 ababulewe.

Impi isondela emngceleni waseHungary - 1944

Ngemva kokunqotshwa kweDon ngo-April 1943, i-Hungarian General Staff yahlangana ukuze ixoxe ngezimbangela nemiphumela yokunqotshwa kwe-Eastern Front. Zonke izikhulu eziphezulu nezincane zaziqonda ukuthi uhlelo lokuhlelwa kabusha nokuthuthukiswa kombutho wezempi kufanele lwenziwe, futhi ikakhulukazi banaka isidingo sokuqinisa izikhali ezihlomile. Uma kungenjalo, amayunithi aseHungary alwa ne-Red Army ngeke abe nethuba elincane lokulwa ngokulingana namathangi aseSoviet. Ekuqaleni kuka-1943 no-1944, amathangi angu-80 e-Toldi I akhiwa kabusha, aphinde ahlonywa ngezibhamu ezingu-40 mm futhi ahlonyiswe ngamapuleti ezikhali angama-35 mm ezikhali zangaphambili namapuleti aseceleni.

Isibhamu esizishayelayo "Zrinyi II" sifakwe inganono engu-105 mm; 1943

Isigaba sokuqala salolu hlelo sasizohlala kuze kube maphakathi no-1944 futhi sasihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemodeli entsha yethangi - i-41M Turán II enesibhamu esingu-75 mm kanye nesibhamu se-Zrinyi II esizishayelayo ngesibhamu esingu-105 mm. Isigaba sesibili sasizohlala kuze kube ngu-1945 futhi umkhiqizo waso wokugcina wawuzoba ithangi elisindayo lokukhiqizwa kwalo futhi - uma kungenzeka - umbhubhisi ithangi (okuthiwa uhlelo lwe-Tas M.44). Isigaba sesibili asizange sisebenze.

Ngemva kokunqotshwa kukaDon ngo-April 1, 1943, umyalo waseHungary waqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwesithathu lokuhlelwa kabusha kwebutho - "Knot III". Isibhamu esizishayelelayo se-44M Zrini besihlome ngesibhamu esiyi-43-mm MAVAG 75M anti-tank, kanti isibhamu i-43M Zrini II besihlome nge-43-mm MAVAG 105M howitzer. Le nqubo yayizosetshenziswa izimpi zezikhali ezizishayelayo, ezazizofaka izibhamu ze-Zrynya ezingu-21 kanye nezibhamu eziyisishiyagalolunye ze-Zriny II. I-oda lokuqala lalingama-40, elesibili lalingama-50.

Ibutho lokuqala lakhiwa ngo-July 1943, kodwa lalihlanganisa amathangi Toldi futhi Turan. Izibhamu ezinhlanu zokuqala ezizishayelayo "Zriny II" zaphuma emgqeni womhlangano ngo-August. Ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lokukhiqiza le-Zrynia II, isigaba sokuqala neseshumi kuphela esasihlome ngokugcwele, isigaba sesi-1 sesibhamu sokuhlasela sasihlome ngezibhamu ze-German StuG III G, kanti enye iyunithi yaseHungary yathola izibhamu ezizishayelayo zaseJalimane i-Hetzer. . Nokho, njengasebuthweni laseJalimane, izingxenye zezibhamu zokuhlasela zaziyingxenye yezikhali zamasosha.

IsiHungary, hhayi amasosha ahlomile.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwacaca ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obusha bunobubi obuhambisana nokulinganiselwa kokuklama. Ngakho-ke, kwakuhlelwe ukwenza kabusha i-undercarriage ye-turan tank ukuze kufakwe isibhamu esingu-75-mm. Yile ndlela iTuran III okufanele idalwe ngayo. Kwahlelwa futhi ukuguqula i-Toldi ibe isibhubhisi ithangi ngokufaka isibhamu se-anti-tank saseJalimane esingu-40 mm Pak 75 esakhiweni esivulekile esivulekile se-armored. Nokho, akuzange kufike kulezi zinhlelo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, u-Weiss Manfred wafakwa ohlwini lwalowo okwakufanele athuthukise futhi afake ekukhiqizeni imodeli entsha ye-tas tank, kanye nesibhamu esizishayelayo esisekelwe kuso. Abahleli nabaqambi bathembele kakhulu kumiklamo yaseJalimane - ithangi le-Panther kanye nombhubhisi wamathangi we-Jagdpanther.

Ibutho laseHungary, elisekelwa amathangi akwa-Toldi, liwela umfula eduze kwebhuloho elibhidliziwe; 1944

Ithangi laseHungary iTas bekufanele lihlome ngenganono eyenziwe isiHungary, ikhophi ye-Panther cannon, futhi isibhamu esizishayelayo kwakufanele sihlome ngenganono engu-88 mm, efana nethangi leTiger yaseJalimane. wayehlome nge. . I-prototype eqediwe yethangi le-Tas yacekelwa phansi ngesikhathi kuqhuma amabhomu e-US ngoJulayi 27, 1944 futhi ayizange ifakwe ekukhiqizeni.

Ngisho nangaphambi kokungena ngokusemthethweni kweHungary empini nangesikhathi sempi, uhulumeni waseHungary kanye nebutho lamasosha bazama ukuthola ilayisense kumaJalimane ukuze bakhiqize ithangi lesimanje. Ngo-1939-1940, izingxoxo zaziqhubeka zokuthenga ilayisensi ye-PzKpfw IV, kodwa amaJalimane ayengafuni ukuvuma lokhu. Ngo-1943, umngane waseJalimane wagcina ethembise ukuthengisa ilayisensi yalesi modeli yamathangi. AbaseHungary baqonda ukuthi lokhu kwakuwumshini onokwethenjelwa, "ihhashi lomsebenzi wePanzerwaffe", kodwa babheka umklamo ophelelwe yisikhathi. Kulokhu benqaba. Ngenxa yalokho, bazama ukuthola imvume yokukhiqiza ithangi elisha, i-Panther, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya.

Kuphela engxenyeni yokuqala ka-1944, lapho isimo sangaphambili sishintsha kakhulu, amaJalimane avuma ukuthengisa ilayisensi yethangi le-Panther, kodwa ngokubuyisela afuna isamba sezinkanyezi eziyizigidi ezingu-120 (cishe ama-penge ayizigidi ezingu-200). Indawo lapho lamathange ayengakhiqizwa khona nayo yaba yinkinga kakhulu. Ingaphambili lalisondela emingceleni yaseHungary nsuku zonke. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amayunithi ezikhali zaseHungary kwakudingeka athembele kumishini yawo kanye nemishini enikezwe umfelandawonye waseJalimane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ngo-March 1944, ukuhlukana okuvamile kwezinsana kwaqiniswa nge-division yamabhethri amathathu yezibhamu ezizishayelayo (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona i-armored car platoon ku-reconnaissance battalion).

Amasosha aseHungary ngesikhathi sokuhlehla asebenzisa ithangi laseTuran II; ekwindla 1944

Ukuhlanganyela kweHungary empini akuzange kudume kakhulu emphakathini. Ngakho-ke u-Regent Horthy waqala izingxoxo eziyimfihlo nama-Allies ukuze ahoxe empini eya ngokuya ingathandwa futhi asayine ukuthula okuhlukanisayo. I-Berlin yathola lezi zenzo, futhi ngo-March 19, 1944, i-Operation Margaret yaqala. U-Admiral Horthy waboshelwa endlini, futhi uhulumeni onodoli wathatha amandla ezweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhiqizwa kwamathangi ebutho laseHungary kwaqedwa. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela eJalimane, umyalo waseHungary wathumela amasosha angu-150 nezikhulu ze-000st Army (umphathi: UJenene Lajos Veress von Dalnoki) ukuze avale igebe kumugqa wangaphambili osempumalanga owavela eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Ukraine, phansi kweCarpathians. Wayeyingxenye Army Group "Northern Ukraine" (umkhuzi: Field Marshal Walter Model).

AmaJalimane aqala ukuhlela kabusha ibutho laseHungary. Indlunkulu ephakeme yahlakazwa, futhi kwaqala ukuhlukaniswa okusha kweziqiwi. Sekukonke, ngo-1944-1945, amaJalimane anikeza iHungary amathangi angama-72 e-PzKpfw IV H (52 ngo-1944 no-20 ngo-1945), izibhamu ezingu-50 ze-StuG III G (1944), 75 Hetzer tank destroyers (1944-1945), kanye no-13 njengenani elincane kakhulu lamathangi i-Pantera G, okungenzeka ukuthi ayeyisikhombisa (mhlawumbe amaningana ngaphezulu), kanye ne-Tygrys, lapho izimoto ezihlomile zaseHungary zathola khona, mhlawumbe izingcezu ezingu-1. Kwakungenxa yokunikezwa kwezikhali zaseJalimane ukuthi amandla okulwa we-2st and XNUMXnd Panzer Divisions anda. Ngaphezu kwamathangi e-Turan I kanye ne-Turan II yokuklama kwawo, ayehlome i-German PzKpfw III M kanye ne-PzKpfw IV H. AbaseHungary baphinde bakha izigaba eziyisishiyagalombili zezibhamu eziziqhudelanayo ezihlome ngezibhamu ze-German StuG III kanye ne-Hungarian Zrinyi.

Ekuqaleni kuka-1944, ibutho laseHungary lalinamathangi angama-66 Toldi I no-II kanye namathangi angama-63 Toldi IIa. I-Hungarian 1st Cavalry Division yathunyelwa ukulwa nabashokobezi empumalanga yePoland, kodwa kunalokho kwadingeka ixoshe ukuhlasela kwe-Red Army ngesikhathi se-Operation Bagration njengengxenye ye-Army Group Center. Ngesikhathi sokuhlehla isuka e-Kletsk ibheke e-Brest-on-Bug, isigaba silahlekelwe amathangi angama-84 eTuran nama-5 e-Toldi. AmaJalimane aqinise ukuhlukana ngebhethri ye-Marder futhi ayithumela endaweni yaseWarsaw. NgoSeptemba 1944, i-1st Cavalry Division yathunyelwa eHungary futhi i-1st Hussars yathatha indawo yayo.

Amathangi eTuran II okuyingxenye yesi-2 yezikhali zaseHungary; 1944

Ibutho Lokuqala, elithunyelwe ngaphambili, lalihlanganisa ne-1nd Panzer Division (umphathi: uColonel Ferenc Oshtavits) kanye ne-2st Assault Gun Battalion entsha. Ngokushesha ngemva kokufika phambili, i-1nd Panzer Division yaqala ukuhlasela ngokumelene nemigqa yaseSoviet ukuze ithathe izikhundla ezikahle zokuzivikela. Ngesikhathi sokulwela isikhundla esichazwe njengephuzu lokuqiniswa kwe-2, amaTurani aseHungary alwa namathangi aseSoviet T-514/34. Ukuhlasela kwamasosha aseHungary ahlomile kwaqala ntambama ngo-Ephreli 85. Ngokushesha, amathangi e-Hungarian Turan II ashayisana ne-T-17/34, ephuthuma ukusiza amasosha aseSoviet. AbaseHungary bakwazi ukubhubhisa ababili babo, abanye bahoxa. Kuze kube kusihlwa ngo-Ephreli 85, amabutho eqembu aqhubekela phambili ngezindlela eziningana emadolobheni aseNadvirna, Solotvina, Delatin naseKolomyia. Bona kanye ne-18th Infantry Division bakwazile ukufinyelela ujantshi wesitimela uStanislavov - Nadvorna.

Naphezu kokumelana okuqinile kwe-Soviet 351st kanye ne-70th Infantry Divisions, esekelwe amathangi ambalwa we-27th and 8th Armored Brigades ekuqaleni kokuhlasela, i-18th Reserve Hungarian Division yathatha iTysmenich. I-2nd Mountain Rifle Brigade nayo izuze impumelelo, yaphinde yathumba i-Delatin ebilahlekile ngaphambili ophikweni lwesokudla. Ngo-April 18, ngemva kokunqoba impi yethangi yaseNadvirna, abaseHungary bajaha futhi bahlehla ngasesigodini sasePrut baya eKolomyia. Nokho, behluleka ukuthatha umuzi owawuvikelwe ngenkani. Inzuzo yeSoviet yayinkulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-April 20, i-16th Infantry Division yawela amanzi avuvukele aseBystrica futhi yavalela ibutho laseSoviet ephaketheni elincane eduze kwase-Ottyn. Kuthunjwe amasosha angu-500, kwathathwa izibhamu ezinkulu ezingu-30 kanye nezibhamu ezingu-17; amanye ayisikhombisa ama-T-34/85 acekeleke phansi esenzweni. Abantu baseHungary balahlekelwa abantu abayi-100 kuphela. Noma kunjalo, imashi yabo yamiswa isuka eKolomyia.

Ngo-April 1944, i-1st Assault Gun Battalion ngaphansi komyalo kaCaptain M. Jozsef Barankay, izibhamu zakhe ze-Zrinya II zenze kahle. Ngo-Ephreli 22, i-16th Rifle Division yahlaselwa amathangi e-27th Tank Brigade. Izibhamu ezizishayelayo zangena empini, zacekela phansi amathangi angu-17 T-34/85 futhi zivumela izinsana ukuba zithathe iKhelbichin-Lesny.

izibhamu ezizishayelayo "Zrinyi II" nge-infantry on the defensive; ngasekupheleni kwehlobo 1944

Ukuhlasela kuka-April kwe-1st Army kwafeza umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko - ukuphoqa amasosha aseSoviet. Kuphinde kwaphoqa iRed Army ukuthi yenze amayunithi amaningi endaweni yaseKolomyia. Ukuqhubeka komugqa ongaphambili kwabuyiselwa. Kodwa-ke, intengo ekhokhelwe lokhu yi-1st Army yayiphezulu. Lokhu bekuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi nge-2nd Panzer Division, elahlekelwe amathangi ayisishiyagalombili e-Turán I, amathangi ayisishiyagalolunye e-Turan II, ama-Toldi amane, izibhamu ezizishayayo ezine ze-Nimrod kanye nezimoto ezimbili ze-Csaba. Amanye amathangi amaningi acekeleke phansi noma abhidlikile kwadingeka abuyiselwe ukuze alungiswe. Lesi sigaba silahlekelwe amathangi angama-80% isikhathi eside. Amathangi aseHungary akwazi ukugcina ku-akhawunti yawo amathangi ezitha angama-27 aphihlizekile, iningi lawo bekuyi-T-34/85 kanye ne-M4 Sherman okungenani eyodwa. Noma kunjalo, i-2nd Panzer Division ayikwazanga ukuthumba i-Kolomyia, ngisho nokusekelwa kwamanye amasosha aseHungary.

Ngakho-ke, kwahlelwa ukuhlasela okuhlangene kwamasosha aseHungary namaJalimane, okwaqala ngobusuku buka-April 26-27 futhi kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba nguMeyi 2, 1944. ibutho lama-73 lamathangi anzima, elaliqondiswa ukaputeni, lahlanganyela kulo. URolf Fromme. Ngaphezu kwamathangi aseJalimane, i-squadron ye-19 kaLieutenant Erwin Schildey (kusuka enkampanini engu-503 yebutho le-2 lebutho le-Armored 3rd) labamba iqhaza ezimpini, ezihlanganisa amathangi ayisikhombisa e-Turán II. Lapho impi iphela ngoMeyi 1, inkampani, eyayihlanganisa neqembu lesi-3, yahoxiswa ngemuva ngaseNadvirna.

Izimpi ze-2nd Panzer Division kusukela ngo-Ephreli 17 kuya ku-May 13, 1944 zaba: abangu-184 babulawa, abangu-112 abalahlekile futhi abangu-999 balimala. Ibutho lesithathu lezibhamu ezinenjini lilahlekelwe kakhulu, amasosha ayi-3 namaphoyisa kwadingeka ukuthi ahoxiswe ekwakhiweni kwalo. Abaphathi basezindaweni zaseJalimane ababelwa eceleni kweqembu lezikhali zaseHungary bahlatshwa umxhwele isibindi sabalingani babo. Ukuvuma kwakudingeka kube qotho, njengoba uMarshal Walter Model, umkhuzi weNorthern Ukraine Army Group, eyala ukuthi imishini idluliselwe ku-1000nd Panzer Division, kuhlanganise nezibhamu eziningana ze-StuG III, amathangi angu-2 e-PzKpfw IV H kanye nama-Tigers angu-10 (kamuva kwaba khona. abanye abathathu). Abashayeli bamathangi baseHungary badlule esifundweni esifushane ngemuva kwe-Eastern Front. Amathangi aye enkampanini yesi-10 yebutho lokuqala. Lesi sakamuva silingana neqembu lesibili likaLieutenant Erwin Shielday kanye neqembu lesi-3 likaKaputeni S. Janos Vedress.

Amathangi "Tiger" angena kule ngxenye ngesizathu. Izihlangu, inkazana yamabutho ahlomile aseHungary, yayinezimoto zokulwa eziyizitha eziyi-15 kanye nezibhamu ezilwa namathangi eziyishumi nambili. Inkampani yakhe iphinde yathola amathangi e-Pantera, PzKpfw IV kanye ne-Turán II. ULieutenant waba ngowokuqala ukuhola ithimba lakhe "namahlosi" amahlanu ekuhlaseleni. NgoMeyi 15, i-2nd Panzer Division yayinamathangi amathathu ePanther kanye namathangi amane eTiger abebekiwe. Ama-Panthers abekwiBattalion yesi-2 ye-23rd Tank Regiment. NgoMeyi 26, isibalo sakamuva senyuke safinyelela ku-10. NgoJuni, abengekho amaTiger esigabeni. Kusukela ngoJulayi 11 kuphela, amathangi ayisithupha asebenzayo alolu hlobo aphinde avele, futhi ngoJulayi 16 - ayisikhombisa. Ngenyanga efanayo, "amaTiger" amathathu anikezwa amaHungary, ngenxa yokuthi inani eliphelele lezimoto ezilethwa amaJalimane lenyuka laya ku-13. Kuze kube isonto lesibili likaJulayi, abasebenzi baseHungary "Tigers" bakwazile ucekele phansi ama-T-34/85s amane, izibhamu eziningi ezilwa namathangi, futhi uqede nezindawo eziningi zokuhlala namadepho ezinhlamvu. Ukungqubuzana kwezikhundla kwaqhubeka.

NgoJulayi, i-1st Army yathunyelwa eCarpathians, e-Yavornik massif, endaweni ebalulekile ngaphambi kwe-Tatarka Pass e-Gorgany. Naphezu kokusekelwa njalo kwezwe, alikwazanga ukubamba ngisho nengxenye engamakhilomitha angu-150 empumalanga, eyayimfushane ngokwemibandela ye-Eastern Front. Ukushaywa kwe-1st Ukrainian Front kuthuthele e-Lvov nase-Sandomierz. NgoJulayi 23, i-Red Army yaqala ukuhlasela izikhundla zaseHungary. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu zokulwa kanzima, abaseHungary kwadingeka bahlehle. Ezinsukwini ezintathu kamuva, endaweni yomgwaqo omkhulu oholela edolobheni laseNadvorna, enye ye-Hungarian "Tigers" yabhubhisa ikholomu yaseSoviet futhi yahlasela iyodwa, lapho yabhubhisa amathangi ayisishiyagalombili ezitha. izibhamu eziningana namaloli amaningi. Umdubuli weqembu u-Istvan Lavrenchik waklonyeliswa ngendondo yegolide ethi "For Courage". Bonke abanye abasebenzi be-"Tiger" nabo babhekana nakho.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwethangi le-Turan II nephrojekthi yethangi elisindayo le-M.44 Tas; 1945

Ukuhlasela kwe-Hungarian Tigers enyakatho yeCherneev kususe ingozi kuStanislavov, okungenani okwamanje. Ngakusasa, ngo-July 24, amasosha aseSoviet aphinde ahlasela futhi afohla izivikelo. Ukuhlasela “kwamahlosi” aseHungary akwenzanga lutho kangako. 3rd inkampani ukapteni. UMiklos Mathiashi, owayengakwazi ukwenza lutho ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwamasosha aseSoviet futhi avale indawo yakhe yokubaleka. ULieutenant Shieldday wabe esewina ukunqoba kwakhe okudume kakhulu e-Battle of Hill 514 eduze kwedolobha lase-Sturnia. "I-Tiger", eyalwe ngumlawuli weqembu, kanye nomunye umshini walolu hlobo, yabhubhisa izimoto zesitha ezingu-14 esikhathini esingaphansi kwesigamu sehora. Ukuhlasela kweSoviet, okwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kuka-August, kwaphoqelela abaseHungary ukuba bahlehle emgqeni weHunyade (ingxenye yaseNyakatho yeCarpathian yomngcele waseHungary). Ibutho laseHungary lalahlekelwa izikhulu namasosha angu-30 000 kulezi zimpi,

babulawa, balimala futhi balahlekile.

Ngemva kokuqiniswa izigaba ezimbili zaseJalimane, uphiko lwezokuvikela lwabanjwa naphezu kokuhlasela kwezitha okuphindaphindiwe, ikakhulukazi iDukla Pass. Phakathi nalezi zimpi, izisebenzi zaseHungary kwadingeka ziqhume "amaTiger" ayisikhombisa ngenxa yezinkinga zobuchwepheshe kanye nokungakwazi ukuzilungisa endaweni yokuhlehla. Kwasuswa amathangi amathathu kuphela alungele ukulwa. Imibiko ka-Agasti ye-2nd Panzer Division yathi kwakungekho neyodwa i-Tiger elungele ukulwa ngaleso sikhathi, inothi elilodwa kuphela elisho amathangi amathathu alolu hlobo ayengakalungi kanye nokungabikho kwanoma yimaphi ama-Panthers. Okungasho ukuthi lesi sakamuva besingekho nhlobo. NgoSepthemba 14, ama-Panthers amahlanu aphinde akhonjiswa esesimweni sokusebenza. Ngo-September 30, lelo nani lehla laba kabili.

Amathangi aseJalimane naseHungary ethangini elisindayo elithi "Tiger" lebutho laseHungary; 1944

Lapho iRomania ijoyina i-USSR ngo-August 23, 1944, isikhundla sabaseHungary saba nzima nakakhulu. Ibutho laseHungary laphoqeleka ukuba liqhube umkhankaso ogcwele futhi liqhube uchungechunge lokuhlasela ngokumelene namasosha aseRomania ukuze libambe umugqa wamaCarpathians. NgoSeptemba 5, i-2nd Panzer Division yabamba iqhaza ezimpini namaRomania eduze nedolobha laseTorda. Ngo-Agasti 9, i-3rd Panzer Regiment ye-2nd Panzer Division yayihlome ngezibhamu ezingu-14 ze-Toldi I, 40 Turan I, 14 Turan II, 10 PzKpfw III M, 10 PzKpfw IV H, XNUMX StuG III G izibhamu zokuhlasela kanye namathangi angu-XNUMX Tiger. Abanye abathathu babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekela ukulwa.

NgoSepthemba, emlandweni weqembu kanye neqembu likaLieutenant Shieldai, kukhona amathangi ePanther, kodwa awekho iTiger. Ngemva kokulahlekelwa kwawo wonke "amaTiger", ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezizathu zobuchwepheshe kanye nokuntuleka kukaphethiloli ngenkathi ehlanganisa ukuhlehla kwamayunithi aseHungary, "amaPanthers" alethwa kuye. Ngo-Okthoba, inani lamaPanthers lenyuke ngethangi elilodwa laya kwamathathu. Lezi zimoto nazo zasetshenziswa kahle. Izisebenzi zabo, ngokuqeqeshwa okuncane, zakwazi ukucekela phansi amathangi angama-Soviet angu-16, izibhamu ezingama-23 zokulwa nethangi, izidleke zezibhamu ezingu-20 ezisindayo, futhi zanqoba izimpi ezimbili zamasosha kanye nebhethri yeziqhumane zamarokhethi ezikhali. Ezinye zezibhamu zakhishwa ngqo amathangi kaShildi ngenkathi enqamula imigqa yaseSoviet. I-1st Panzer Division yabamba iqhaza ezimpini zase-Aradi kusukela ngo-September 13 kuya ku-8 Okthoba. Maphakathi no-September, i-Red Army yangena empini kulo mkhakha we-front.

Ekupheleni kuka-September 1944, iHungary, isithiyo sokugcina endleleni eya emngceleni oseningizimu yeJalimane, yasongelwa ngokuqondile ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-Red Army evela ezinhlangothini ezintathu. Ukuhlasela kwe-autumn Soviet-Romanian, naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izinqolobane ngabaseHungary, akuzange kubambeke kumaCarpathians. Phakathi nezimpi ezishubile e-Arad (Septhemba 25 - Okthoba 8), i-Hungarian 1st Panzer Division, isekelwa yi-7th Assault Gun Battalion, yacekela phansi izimoto zokulwa zaseSoviet ezingaphezu kwe-100. Abasebenzi bezibhamu zokuhlasela zebutho bakwazile ukuboleka amathangi angu-67 T-34/85 ku-akhawunti yabo, kanti ezinye izimoto eziyishumi nambili zalolu hlobo zabhalwa njengezonakalisiwe noma okungenzeka zibhujiswe.

Amayunithi kaMarshal Malinovsky awela umngcele waseHungary ngo-Okthoba 5, 1944. Ngakusasa, amabutho amahlanu aseSoviet, kuhlanganise nelinye elalihlomile, ahlasela iBudapest. Ibutho laseHungary lamelana nenkani. Ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuhlasela eMfuleni iTisza, ibhethri le-7th Assault Gun Battalion, uLieutenant Sandor Söke, lisekelwa ithimba elincane lamaphoyisa ahamba ngezinyawo namasosha, labangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamasosha futhi labhubhisa noma lathumba i-T-34 /. amathangi angama-85, izibhamu ezizishayayo ezingama-SU-85, izibhamu ezintathu ezilwa nethangi, izinqola ezine, izibhamu ezisindayo eziyi-10, abathuthi abangu-51 kanye neloli, izimoto eziyi-10 ezingekho emgwaqeni.

Ngezinye izikhathi izisebenzi ezishaya izibhamu zazibonisa isibindi ngisho zingavikelwa yizikhali zezimoto zazo. Amathangi amane avela ku-10th Assault Gun Battalion ngaphansi komyalo we-CPR. U-Jozsef Buzhaki wenza iphutha ngemuva kwemigqa yesitha, lapho achitha khona isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto. Baqoqa ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana namandla nezinhlelo zesitha, futhi konke lokhu ngokulahlekelwa oyedwa ofile. Kodwa-ke, impumelelo yendawo ayikwazanga ukushintsha isimo esibi ngaphambili.

Engxenyeni yesibili ka-Okthoba, amaNazi aseHungary avela ku-Arrow Cross Party (Nyilaskeresztesek - Hungarian National Socialist Party) kaFerenc Salas aqala ukubusa eHungary. Ngokushesha ayala ukuba kuhlanganiswe uwonke wonke futhi aqinisa ukushushisa kwawo amaJuda, ayekade ejabulela inkululeko elinganiselwe ngaphambili. Bonke abesilisa abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-12 no-70 babebizelwa empini. Ngokushesha abaseHungary babeka amaJalimane izigaba ezine ezintsha. Amasosha avamile aseHungary ancishiswa kancane kancane, kanjalo nendlunkulu yezigaba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwakwakhiwa amayunithi amasha axubile aseJalimane nesiHungary. Indlunkulu ephakeme yahlakazwa futhi kwasungulwa nezigaba ezintsha zokulondoloza izindawo.

Ngo-Okthoba 10-14, 1944, iqembu labagibeli bamahhashi likaGeneral Piev kusukela ku-2nd Ukraine Front, liqhubekela phambili e-Debrecen, lanqunywa i-Fretter-Pico Army Group (amabutho aseJalimane angu-6 kanye nama-Hungarian 3rd), ikakhulukazi isigaba sokuqala se-Hussar, 1st. I-Armored Division. division kanye ne-1th Infantry Division. La masosha alahlekelwa yiNyiregyhaza ngomhla zingama-20 kuMfumfu, kodwa idolobha laphinde lathathwa ngomhlaka-22 Okthoba. AbaseHungary bathumele wonke amayunithi atholakalayo ngaphambili. Abaluleki ngokwabo bazinikele ngokuzithandela ukuvikela izwe labo, njengoba i-ace elimele kabili yezimoto zezikhali zaseHungary, uLieutenant Erwin Shieldey, ephikelele ukuthi ahlale eqenjini. Ngomhla zingama-26 kuMfumfu, eningizimu yeTisapolgar, uphiko lwakhe, noma yena uqobo lwakhe, lwacekela phansi amathangi amabili e-T-25/34 kanye nezibhamu ezimbili ezizishayelayo ngesikhathi sokuhlasela, futhi lacekela phansi noma lathumba izibhamu ezilwa nethangi eziyisithupha nezinsimbi ezintathu. . Ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kamuva, ibutho, lisasendaweni efanayo, lalizungezwe amasosha eRed Army ebusuku. Nokho, ukwazile ukuphunyuka endaweni ebiyizungezile. Amathangi aseHungary kanye nezibhamu zokuhlasela, ezisekelwa amasosha ahamba ngezinyawo, zacekela phansi ibutho lezempi laseSoviet empini ethafeni. Phakathi nale mpi, i-Pantera Shieldaya yashaywa isibhamu se-anti-tank kusukela ebangeni elingamamitha angu-85 kuphela. Eqhubeka nokuhlasela, abaseHungary bamangala ibhethri yezikhali zaseSoviet ohambweni futhi bayibhubhisa.

Ukuhlaselwa kweBudapest kwakubaluleke kakhulu kwamasu kanye nenkulumo-ze kuStalin. Ukuhlasela kwaqala ngo-Okthoba 30, 1944, futhi ngoNovemba 4, amakholomu amaningana aseSoviet afika emaphethelweni enhloko-dolobha yaseHungary. Nokho, umzamo wokubamba idolobha ngokushesha wehlulekile. AmaJalimane namaHungary, esebenzisa ithuba lokuphefumula, andisa imigqa yawo yokuzivikela. Ngo-December 4, amasosha aseSoviet ayevela eningizimu afika eLake Balaton, ngemuva kwenhloko-dolobha yaseHungary. Ngalesi sikhathi, uMarshal Malinovsky wahlasela idolobha kusukela enyakatho.

Amayunithi aseHungary naseJalimane abelwa ukuvikela inhloko-dolobha yaseHungary. I-SS Obergruppenführer uKarl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch wayephethe ibutho laseBudapest. Amayunithi amakhulu aseHungary bekuyilawa: I Corps (i-1st Armored Division, i-10th Infantry Division (okuxubile), i-12th Reserve Infantry Division kanye ne-20th Infantry Division), i-Bilnitzer Artillery Assault Battle Group (izimoto ezihlomile ze-1st Battalion, ama-battal artiions ahlaselayo e-6, 8 kanye ne-9) , 1st hussar division (amanye amayunithi) kanye nezikhali zempi yoku-1, yesi-7 neye-10. Izibhamu ezihlaselayo zabasekela ngenkuthalo abavikeli, kanye namaqembu empi yamaphoyisa ayelazi kahle idolobha futhi enamathangi angu-L3/35. Amayunithi aseJalimane ebutho laseBudapest ngokuyinhloko yizidumbu zezintaba ze-IX SS. Kwakunamasosha angu-188 000 azungezwe.

Okuwukuphela kweyunithi enkulu yezikhali zaseHungary esasebenza kwakuyi-2nd Panzer Division. Walwa ngaphambili entshonalanga yeBudapest, ezintabeni zaseVertes. Ngokushesha wayesezothutha ukuze asindise idolobha. Amaqembu ezikhali zaseJalimane nawo kwadingeka aphuthume ayohlenga. UHitler wanquma ukuhoxisa i-SS Panzer Corps ye-1945 endaweni yaseWarsaw futhi ayithumele e-Hungarian front. Yayizohlanganiswa ne-XNUMXth SS Panzer Corps. Umgomo wabo kwakuwukuvulela idolobha elivinjezelwe. NgoJanuwari XNUMX, i-SS Panzer Corps yazama kathathu ukungena enhlokodolobha evinjezelwe yaseHungary entshonalanga neBudapest.

Ukuhlasela kokuqala kwaqala ngobusuku bukaJanuwari 2, 1945 emkhakheni weDunalmas-Banchida. I-6th SS Panzer Corps yatshalwa ngokwesekwa yi-3rd Army of General Hermann Balck, isamba sezigaba eziyisikhombisa ze-panzer nezigaba ezimbili ezihamba ngezimoto, okuhlanganisa nezikhethiwe: i-5th SS Panzer Division Totenkopf kanye ne-2nd SS Panzer Division. I-Viking, kanye ne-31st Hungarian Panzer Division, isekelwa izimpi ezimbili zamathangi anzima we-Tiger II. Iqembu elishaqisayo lasheshe ladabula ngaphambili, lavikelwa yi-4th Guards Rifle Corps, futhi langena ezivikelweni ze-27th Guards Army ekujuleni kwe-31-210 km. Kube nesimo esibucayi. Amaphoyinti okuvikela amathangi ashiywe ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwamasosha futhi azungezwe ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele. Lapho amaJalimane efika esifundeni saseTatabanya, kwakunosongo lwangempela lokudlulela kwawo eBudapest. AmaSoviet aphonsa ukuhlukana okwengeziwe ekuhlaseleni, amathangi angu-1305, izibhamu ezi-5 kanye nezinsimbi ezisetshenziselwa ukusekela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kusihlwa ngoJanuwari XNUMX, ukuhlasela kwamaJalimane kwamiswa.

Ngemva kokuhluleka endaweni ye-31st Guards Rifle Corps, umyalo waseJalimane wanquma ukudlula eBudapest ngezikhundla ze-20th Guards Rifle Corps. Ngenxa yalokhu, izigaba ezimbili ze-SS Panzer kanye nengxenye yesiHungary 2nd Panzer Division zagxila. Ngobusuku bukaJanuwari 7, ukuhlasela kweJalimane-Hungary kwaqala. Naphezu kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamasosha aseSoviet, ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezihlomile, yonke imizamo yokuvula inhloko-dolobha yaseHungary iphelile. Iqembu lezempi elithi "Balk" likwazile ukuphinda lithathe idolobhana laseSzekesfehervar kuphela. NgoJanuwari 22, wafika eDanube futhi ingaphansi kwamakhilomitha angu-30 ukusuka eBudapest.

I-Army Group "iNingizimu", eyathatha izikhundla kusukela ngoDisemba 1944, yayihlanganisa: I-8th Army yaseJalimane enyakatho yeTransdanubian Territory; Army Group Balk (German 6th Army kanye Hungarian 2nd Corps) enyakatho Lake Balaton; 2nd Panzer Army ngokusekelwa yi-1945th Hungarian Corps eningizimu yeTransdanubian Territory. Ku-Army Group Balk, i-German LXXII Army Corps yalwa ne-St. Laszlo Division kanye nezinsalela ze-6th Armored Division. Ngo-February 20, la mabutho asekelwa i-15th SS Panzer Army, ehlanganisa izigaba ezintathu ze-panzer. Ibutho le-XNUMX le-Assault Gun ngaphansi komyalo kaMajor. I-József Henkey-Hing yayiyibutho lokugcina lalolu hlobo ebuthweni laseHungary. Ubambe iqhaza ku-Operation Spring Awakening nabacekeli bethangi be-Hetzer abangu-XNUMX. Njengengxenye yalo msebenzi, la mabutho kwakufanele aphinde alawule izindawo zikawoyela zaseHungary.

Maphakathi no-March 1945, ukuhlasela kokugcina kwamaJalimane eLake Balaton kwanqotshwa. I-Red Army yayiqedela ukunqoba iHungary. Amabutho akhe aphakeme agqekeza izivikelo zaseHungary nezaseJalimane ezintabeni zaseVertesz, ephushela i-German 6th SS Panzer Army ngasentshonalanga. Ngobunzima obukhulu, kwakungenzeka ukukhipha ibhuloho laseJalimane-Hungarian eGran, lisekelwa ikakhulukazi amabutho e-3rd Army. Maphakathi no-March, i-Army Group South yaqhubeka nokuzivikela: I-8th Army yathatha izikhundla enyakatho yeDanube, futhi i-Balk Army Group, ehlanganisa i-6th Army kanye ne-6th Army, yathatha izikhundla eningizimu yayo endaweni ukuze. I-Lake Balaton. I-Tank Army SS, kanye nezinsalela ze-Hungarian 3rd Army. ENingizimu yeLake Balaton, izikhundla bezibanjwe amayunithi e-2nd Panzer Army. Ngosuku amasosha aseSoviet aqala ngalo ukuhlasela eVienna, izikhundla eziyinhloko zaseJalimane naseHungary zazisekujuleni kuka-5 kuya ku-7 km.

Emgqeni oyinhloko wokuqhubekela phambili kwe-Red Army kwakukhona amayunithi we-23rd Hungarian Corps kanye ne-711th German SS Panzer Corps, okuhlanganisa: i-96th Hungarian Infantry Division, i-1st and 6th Infantry Division, i-3rd Hungarian Hussar Division, i-5th Panzer. Isigaba, i-2nd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", i-94th SS Panzer Division "Viking" kanye ne-1231st Hungarian Panzer Division, kanye nenani lamasosha amancane namaqembu empi, ngokuvamile asala kusukela ekubhujisweni kwangaphambili ezingxenyeni zokulwa. Leli butho lalinamasosha angu-270 amasosha ahamba ngezinyawo nahamba ngezimoto anezibhamu nama-mortar angu-XNUMX. AmaJalimane namaHungary nawo ayenamathangi ayi-XNUMX nezibhamu ezizishayelayo.

NgoMashi 16, 1945, i-Red Army yashaya amabutho e-46th Army, i-4th and 9th Guards Army, okwakufanele ifike eDanube eduze nedolobha lase-Esztergom ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Le yunithi yesibili yokusebenza enabasebenzi abagcwele kanye nemishini isanda kwakhiwa ukuze iteleke ezingxenyeni ze-431st SS Panzer Corps endaweni ephakathi kwezindawo zokuhlala zase-Szekesfehervar - Chakberen. Ngokusho kwedatha yaseSoviet, izidumbu zazinezibhamu ezi-2 kanye ne-Howitzer. Iqembu lakhe lempi lalimi kanje: ophikweni lwesokunxele kwaba 5th Hungarian Panzer Division (4 izigaba, 16 wezikhali amabhethri kanye 3 Turan II amathangi), maphakathi - 5 SS Panzer Division "Tontenkopf", futhi ngakwesokudla - 325th Panzer Division. I-SS Panzer Division Viking. Njengokuqiniswa, amasosha athola i-97th Assault Brigade enezibhamu ezingama-XNUMX nezinye izinyunithi zokusekela.

NgoMashi 16, 1945, i-2nd ne-3rd Ukraine Fronts yahlasela i-6th SS Panzer Army kanye ne-Balk Army Group, yathumba iSzombathely ngoMashi 29, kanye neSopron ngo-Ephreli 1. Ngobusuku bangoMashi 21-22, ukuhlasela kweSoviet ngaphesheya kweDanube kwachoboza imigqa yokuzivikela yamaJalimane namaHungary kulayini weBalaton-Lake Velences, eduze kwase-Esztergom. Kwavela ukuthi i-Hungarian 2nd Panzer Division yalahlekelwa kakhulu ngenxa yomlilo wezikhali zesiphepho. Amasosha akhe akakwazanga ukubamba izikhundla zawo, futhi amayunithi athuthukile e-Red Army akwazi ukuthumba idolobha laseChakberen kalula. Amasosha aseJalimane aseziqiwini aphuthuma ezosiza, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya. Ayemancane kakhulu ukumisa ukuhlasela kweSoviet ngisho nangesikhathi esifushane. Ezinye izingxenye zayo kuphela, ngobunzima obukhulu nokulahlekelwa okukhulu nakakhulu, ezaphunyuka enkingeni. Njengawo wonke amabutho aseHungary nawaseJalimane, ayebheke entshonalanga. Ngo-Ephreli 12, i-Army Group Balk yafinyelela emingceleni yase-Austria, lapho yasheshe yahlubuka khona.