I-V10 iyinjini odinga ukuyazi kabanzi ngayo

Sisho ukuthini ngempela isifinyezo esithi V10? Injini enalokhu kuqokwa iyiyunithi lapho amasilinda ahlelwa khona ngephethini emise okwe-V - inombolo engu-10 isho inombolo yawo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi igama lisebenza kokubili uphethiloli kanye nezinjini diesel. Injini ifakwe ezimotweni zeBMW, Volkswagen, Porsche, Ford neLexus, kanjalo nasezimotweni zeF1. Sethula ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu mayelana ne-V10! 

Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwedivayisi 

Injini ye-V10 iyiyunithi yepiston eyi-ten-cylinder eklanyelwe ukuhambisa izimoto ezingaphansi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinguqulo ezimbili zikadizili ze-V10 zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa emikhunjini. Idivayisi iphinde yabamba iqhaza emlandweni we-Formula One racing.

Injini ivamise ukufakwa ezimotweni ezidinga amandla amaningi ukuze zisebenze. Sikhuluma ngamaloli, ama-pickup, amathangi, izimoto zezemidlalo noma ama-limousine aphambili. Injini yokuqala eyi-V10 yasungulwa ngabakwa-Anzani Moteurs d'Aviation ngo-1913. Le yunithi yakhelwe njengenjini eyi-twin radial enesakhiwo esinamasilinda amahlanu.

I-V10 iyinjini enesiko eliphezulu lokusebenza. Yini ekuthintayo?

Isakhiwo senjini ye-V10 sinemigqa emibili yamasilinda angu-5 anegebe elingu-60° noma elingu-90°. Ukucushwa kwesici ngasinye sazo kubonakala yiqiniso lokuthi kukhona ukudlidliza okuphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kuqeda isidingo se-counter-rotating balance shafts futhi amasilinda aqhuma ngokushesha ngemva komunye.

Kulesi simo, isilinda esisodwa siyaphuka kuwo wonke ama-72° wokuzungezisa i-crankshaft. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, injini ingasebenza ngokuzinza ngisho nangesivinini esiphansi, ngaphansi kuka-1500 rpm. ngaphandle kokundindizela okuzwakalayo noma ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe emsebenzini. Konke lokhu kuthinta ukunemba okuphezulu kweyunithi futhi kuqinisekisa isiko eliphezulu lomsebenzi.

I-V10 iyinjini yemoto. Konke kwaqala ngeDodge Viper.

V10 - injini yazuza udumo ngokuyifaka ezimotweni zabagibeli. Yize ibingasebenzi kahle kune-V8 futhi ukugibela kwayo bekukubi kune-V12, isazuza abalandeli abathembekile. Yini ngempela eyaba nomthelela kulokhu?

Imodeli yemoto eyashintsha indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwamayunithi angama-V10 ukusuka ezimotweni zentengiso kuya ezimotweni zabagibeli kube yiDodge Viper. Ukwakhiwa kwenjini esetshenzisiwe kwakusekelwe ezixazululweni ezisetshenziswa emalolini. Lokhu kwahlanganiswa nolwazi lonjiniyela be-Lamborghini (umkhiqizo owawuphethwe yi-Chrysler ngaleso sikhathi) futhi injini yathuthukiswa ene-408 hp eshukumisa ingqondo. kanye nevolumu yokusebenza engu-8 amalitha.

I-V10 - injini iphinde yafakwa ezimotweni zeVolkswagen, Porsche, BMW kanye ne-Audi.

Ngokushesha, izixazululo ezivela ngaphesheya kolwandle zaqala ukusetshenziswa yimikhiqizo yaseYurophu. Inkampani yaseJalimane iVolkswagen isisungule injini engu-10 litre kadizili. Iyunithi yamandla ye-V10 TDi yafakwa kumamodeli we-Phaeton ne-Touareg. Yayisetshenziswa nasezimotweni zePorsche, ikakhulukazi iCarrera GT.

Ngokushesha, emakethe kwavela ezinye izimoto ezineyunithi engu-V eyi-ten-cylinder, lapho uhlobo lweBMW lwanquma ukulisebenzisa. Injini ethuthukisiwe enesivinini esikhulu iye kwimodeli ye-M5. Amayunithi anevolumu engu-5 no-5,2 litres nawo afakwe kwi-Audi S6, S8 kanye ne-R8. Injini yaziwa nangezinhlobo zeLamborghini Gallardo, Huracan kanye neSesto Elemento.

Izimoto zase-Asia nezaseMelika ezine-V10

Idrayivu ifakwe ezimotweni zabo zakwaLexus neFord. Esimweni sokuqala, kwakumayelana ne-LFA carbon sports car, eyathuthukiswa ngesivinini esifika ku-9000 rpm. Ngokulandelayo, i-Ford idale injini ye-Triton engu-6,8 litre futhi isetshenziswe kuphela emalolini, amaveni nama-mega-SUV.

Ukusetshenziswa kwenjini kumjaho we-F1

Iyunithi yamandla nayo inomlando ocebile ku-Formula 1. Yaqala ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni ze-Alfa Romeo ngo-1986 - kodwa ayizange iphile ukuze ibone isikhathi lapho ingena khona emzileni. 

AbakwaHonda nabakwaRenault basungule eyabo indlela yokucushwa kwenjini ngaphambi kwesizini ka-1989. Lokhu kudalwe wukwethulwa kwemithetho emisha evimbela ukusetshenziswa kwama-turbocharger nokunciphisa ukususwa kwenjini isuka ku-3,5 litres iye ku-3 litres. Yini okufanele uyinake ngokukhethekile. idrayivu esetshenziswa yiRenault. Endabeni yeqembu laseFrance, injini yayiyisicaba - okokuqala ine-engeli engu-110 °, bese kuba ngu-72 °.

Ukumiswa kokusetshenziswa kwe-V10 kwenzeka ngesizini ka-2006. Kulo nyaka, imithetho emisha yethulwa ehlobene nokuvinjelwa kokusetshenziswa kwalezi ziyunithi. Bathathelwe indawo yezinjini ezingama-V2,4 ezinomthamo ongu-8 litre.

Ukusebenza kwezimoto ezinenjini eyi-ten-cylinder

Abaningi bangase bazibuze ukuthi ingakanani iyunithi ye-cylinder evutha ngamandla amakhulu kangaka. Lokhu akulona neze inguqulo yokonga yenjini futhi ikhethwa ngabantu abafuna isipiliyoni esiyingqayizivele sezimoto noma abafuna ukuthenga imoto eyenza kahle ezimweni ezinzima.

Uyazi kakade ukuthi i-V10 inaziphi izici. Le njini inobuhle nobubi bayo. Isibonelo, imoto yomgibeli i-VW Touareg enenjini engu-V10 TDi inethangi elinamandla amalitha ayi-100, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okujwayelekile kungu-12,6 amalitha ngekhilomitha elingu-100. Ngemiphumela enjalo, imoto, enezilinganiso ezinkulu ngokwanele, isheshisa ku-100 km / h ngemizuzwana engu-7,8, futhi isivinini esiphezulu singama-231 km / h. Audi, BMW, Ford nabanye abakhiqizi babe nemingcele efanayo. Ngalesi sizathu, ukusebenzisa imoto ene-V10 akushibhile.