Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-turbo ne-compressor?

Uma ufuna ukwandisa amandla enjini yemoto yakho, khona-ke mhlawumbe uyazibuza ukuthi ngabe kufanele ubheje ku-compressor noma kwi-turbo.

Singajabula kakhulu uma singakunika impendulo engaqondakali necacile ukuthi yiziphi kulezi zinhlelo okufanele uzikhethe, kepha iqiniso ukuthi alikho, futhi impikiswano ngalolu daba ibilokhu iqhubeka iminyaka futhi isasebenza kakhulu hhayi ezweni lethu kuphela. kodwa futhi nasemhlabeni wonke.

I-Turbo NOMCindezeli

Ngakho-ke, ngeke sibe yingxenye yenkulumompikiswano, kodwa sizozama ukwethula zombili lezi zinhlelo zemishini kuwe ngokungakhethi, futhi sizoshiya isinqumo sokuthi iyiphi ozobheja ngayo.

Ake siqale ngokufana
Kokubili ama-turbocharger nama-compressors abizwa ngokuthi amasistimu wokungeniswa ngenkani. Zibizwa kanjalo ngoba zombili lezi zinhlelo zenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini ngokuphoqa ikamelo lomlilo elinomoya.

Zombili lezi zinhlelo zicindezela umoya ongena enjinini. Ngakho-ke, umoya omningi udonselwa ekamelweni lomlilo we-injini, okwenza ukuthi kuphumele ekukhuleni kwamandla enjini.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-turbocharger ne-compressor?

Yize zisebenza ngenhloso efanayo, i-compressor ne-turbocharger ziyehluka ngokwakhiwa, ukwakheka nokusebenza.

Ake sibone ukuthi yini i-compressor nokuthi yini ubuhle nobubi bayo
Ukukubeka nje kalula, icompressor uhlobo lomshini olula ocindezela umoya ongena egumbini lomlilo wenjini yemoto. Umshini uqhutshwa yinjini uqobo, futhi amandla adluliswa ngebhande lokushayisana elifakwe ku-crankshaft.

Amandla akhiqizwa idrayivu asetshenziswa yi-compressor ukucindezela umoya bese unikezela umoya ocindezelweyo enjinini. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izindlela eziningi zokudonsa.

Ama-compressor asetshenziselwa ukukhulisa amandla enjini ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• centrifugal
• rotary
• isikulufa

Ngeke sizinake kakhulu izinhlobo zama-compressors, qaphela nje ukuthi uhlobo lwezinhlelo ze-compressor lungasetshenziswa ukuthola izidingo zengcindezi nendawo etholakalayo yokufaka.

Izinzuzo ze-Compressor

• Umjovo osebenza kahle womoya okhulisa amandla ngo-10 kuye ku-30%
• Idizayini ethembeke kakhulu futhi eqinile evame ukudlula impilo yenjini yomshini
• Lokhu akuphazamisi ukusebenza kwe-injini nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngoba i-compressor iyithuluzi elizimele ngokuphelele, yize liseduze kwalo.
• Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo, izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo alikhuphuki kakhulu
• Ayisebenzisi uwoyela omningi futhi ayidingi ukuqhutshwa njalo
• Kudinga ukunakekelwa okuncane
• Ingafakwa ekhaya ngumakhenikha we-amateur.
• Akukho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-lag" noma "umgodi". Lokhu kusho ukuthi amandla angakhushulwa ngokushesha (ngaphandle kokubambezeleka) ngokushesha nje lapho i-compressor ishayelwa yi-crankshaft yenjini.
• Isebenza kahle ngisho nangesivinini esiphansi

Icompressor cons

Ukusebenza kabi. Njengoba i-compressor iqhutshwa ibhande kusuka ku-crankshaft yenjini, ukusebenza kwayo kuhlobene ngqo nejubane

Iyini i-turbo futhi yini ubuhle nobubi bayo?

I-turbocharger, njengoba sibonile ekuqaleni, yenza umsebenzi ofanayo nowe-compressor. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani ne-compressor, i-turbocharger iyunithi eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe equkethe i-turbine ne-compressor. Omunye umehluko obalulekile phakathi kwalezi zinhlelo ezimbili zokungeniswa ngenkani ukuthi ngenkathi i-compressor inikwa amandla yinjini, i-turbocharger ithola amandla ayo kumagesi e-exhaust.

Ukusebenza kwe-turbine kulula kakhulu: lapho injini isebenza, njengoba sekushiwo, kukhishwa amagesi, okuthi, esikhundleni sokukhishelwa ngqo emkhathini, adlule esiteshini esikhethekile bese eqala i-turbine. Nayo icindezela umoya bese iwufaka egumbini lokushisa injini ukuze ikhulise amandla ayo.

Buhle be-turbo

• Ukusebenza okuphezulu, okungaphakama kaningana kunokusebenza kwe-compressor
• Isebenzisa amandla avela kumagesi aqeda amandla

Umthengi turbo

• Kusebenza ngempumelelo kuphela ngejubane eliphezulu
• Kukhona okubizwa nge- "turbo lag" noma ukubambezeleka phakathi kokucindezela i-accelerator pedal nesikhathi lapho amandla enjini enyuswa.
• Inesikhathi esifushane sokuphila (ngokunakekela okuhle, ingahamba ibanga elingafika kumakhilomitha angama-200.)
• Ngoba isebenzisa uwoyela wenjini ukwehlisa ukushisa okusebenzayo, uwoyela ushintsha u-30-40% ngaphezu kwenjini ye-compressor.
• Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela okuphezulu okudinga ukuphindaphindwa kaningi
• Ukulungiswa nokugcinwa kwayo kubiza impela
• Ukuze kufakwe, kuyadingeka ukuvakashela isikhungo sesevisi, ngoba ukufakwa kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukukwenza egaraji lasekhaya ngomakhenikha abangafundile.
• Ukuthola umbono ocacile ngomehluko phakathi kwe-compressor ne-turbo, ake siqhathanise ngokushesha phakathi kwalokhu okubili.

I-Turbo vs compressor

Indlela yeDrayivu
I-compressor iqhutshwa yi-crankshaft yenjini yemoto, kuyilapho i-turbocharger iqhutshwa ngamandla akhiqizwe avela kumagesi okukhipha.

Ukulibaziseka kweDrayivu
Akukho ukubambezeleka nge-compressor. Amandla ayo ahambisana ngqo namandla enjini. Kukhona ukubambezeleka ku-turbo noma lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ukulibaziseka kwe-turbo". Njengoba i-turbine iqhutshwa amagesi e-exhaust, ukujikeleza okugcwele kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokuba iqale ukujova umoya.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla enjini
I-compressor isebenzisa amandla afinyelela ku-30% wamandla wenjini. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kweTurbo kuyiziro noma kuncane.

Mnost
I-turbine incike esivinini semoto, ngenkathi i-compressor inamandla amisiwe futhi izimele ngejubane lemoto.

Ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli
Ukugijima i-compressor kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngenkathi kuqhutshwa i-turbocharger kuyakunciphisa.

Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela
I-turbocharger idinga uwoyela omningi ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa elisebenza (ilitha elilodwa kuwo wonke amakhilomitha ayi-100). I-compressor ayidingi uwoyela ngoba ayikhiqizi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokusebenza.

Ukusebenza kahle
I-compressor ayisebenzi kahle njengoba idinga amandla angeziwe. I-turbocharger isebenza kahle kakhulu ngoba idonsa amandla avela kumagesi okukhipha.

Izinjini
Ama-compressors afanele izinjini ezincane zokuhamba, kuyilapho ama-turbine azilungele kakhulu izinjini ezinkulu zokuhambisa imoto.

Insiza
I-Turbo idinga ukugcinwa njalo nokubiza kakhulu, kuyilapho ama-compressors engafuni.

Izindleko
Intengo ye-compressor incike ohlotsheni lwayo, kanti intengo ye-turbo incike kakhulu enjinini.

setting
Ama-compressor amadivayisi alula futhi angafakwa egalaji lasekhaya, ngenkathi ukufaka i-turbocharger kudinga hhayi isikhathi esithe xaxa kuphela, kepha futhi nolwazi olukhethekile. Ngakho-ke, ukufakwa kwe-turbo kufanele kwenziwe yisikhungo sesevisi esigunyaziwe.

I-Turbo noma i-compressor - ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu?

Njengoba sibonile ekuqaleni, akekho ongakutshela impendulo eyiyo yalo mbuzo. Uyabona ukuthi womabili amadivayisi anezinzuzo nezinkinga zombili. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha uhlelo lokungeniswa oluphoqelelwe, kufanele uqondiswe ikakhulukazi ukuthi yimuphi umphumela ofuna ukuwufinyelela ngesikhathi sokufakwa.

Isibonelo, ama-compressors akhethwa ngabashayeli abaningi abangafuni ukukhulisa kakhulu amandla enjini. Uma ungafuni lokhu, kepha ufuna ukukhulisa umthamo cishe nge-10%, uma ufuna idivayisi engadingi ukunakekelwa okuningi futhi okulula ukuyifaka, mhlawumbe i-compressor iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu kuwe. Ama-compressor ashibhile ukuwagcina nokuwanakekela, kepha uma uvumelana nalolu hlobo lwedivayisi, kuzofanele ulungiselele ukwanda kophethiloli okulindele nakanjani.

Kodwa-ke, uma uthanda isivinini esiphezulu nokugijima futhi ufuna indlela yokwandisa amandla enjini yakho aze afike ku-30-40%, khona-ke i-turbine iyiyunithi yakho enamandla futhi ekhiqiza kakhulu. Kulokhu, nokho, kufanele ulungele ukuthi i-turbocharger yakho ihlolwe njalo, uchithe imali eningi ekulungiseni okubizayo, futhi wengeze uwoyela njalo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Iyiphi i-compressor noma i-turbine esebenza kahle kakhulu? I-turbine yengeza amandla enjini, kodwa inokubambezeleka okuthile: isebenza kuphela ngesivinini esithile. I-compressor ine-drive ezimele, ngakho iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala injini.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-blower ne-compressor? I-supercharger, noma i-turbine, isebenza ngenxa yamandla okugeleza kwamagesi e-exhaust (aphotha i-impeller). I-compressor inedrayivu engapheli exhunywe ku-crankshaft.

Injini yomoya ingeza amandla angakanani? Kuncike ezicini zedivayisi ye-turbine. Ngokwesibonelo, ezimotweni Formula 1, ophephela injini kwandisa amandla injini 300 hp.