Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-4 stroke kanye ne-2 stroke engine?

Izinjini ezine-stroke kanye nezimbili zinezingxenye ezifanayo kodwa zisebenza ngendlela ehlukile. Izinjini ezine-stroke zivame ukutholakala kumaSUV.

Kuyini ukushaywa kwenjini?

Iningi lezimoto ezintsha, amaloli namaSUV anezinjini ezonga kakhulu. Ukuze noma iyiphi injini isebenze kahle, kufanele iqedele inqubo yokuvutha, ehlanganisa imivimbo emine ehlukene yenduku yokuxhuma nepiston ngaphakathi kwegumbi elivuthayo enjinini enemivimbo emine, noma emibili enjinini enama-stroke amabili. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwenjini ene-two-stroke kanye ne-four-stroke injini isikhathi sokushisa. Ukuthi badubula kaningi kangakanani kukutshela ukuthi bawaguqula kanjani amandla nokuthi kwenzeka ngokushesha kangakanani.

Ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kwezinjini ezimbili, kufanele wazi ukuthi yini i-stroke. Kudingeka izinqubo ezine ukushisa uphethiloli, ngamunye ohlanganisa umjikelezo owodwa. Kubhalwe ngezansi imivimbo emine yomuntu ngamunye ebandakanyeka enqubweni ye-four-stroke.

• I-stroke yokuqala ukusetshenziswa Isifo sohlangothi. Injini iqala lapho i-piston idonsa phansi. Lokhu kuvumela ingxube kaphethiloli nomoya ukuthi ingene egumbini elivuthayo ngevalvu yokungena. Phakathi nenqubo yokuqala, amandla okuqedela ukushaywa kwe-intake ahlinzekwa yi-starter motor, okuyimoto kagesi exhunywe ku-flywheel ephendula i-crankshaft futhi ishayele isilinda ngasinye.

• I-stroke yesibili (phoqa). Futhi bathi okuwile kumele kuvuke. Yilokhu okwenzekayo ngesikhathi sokucindezela njengoba i-piston ihlehlisa isilinda. Phakathi nalesi sifo, i-valve yokudonsa iyavalwa, ecindezela uphethiloli ogciniwe namagesi omoya njengoba iphistoni liya phezulu kwegumbi elivuthayo.

• I-stroke yesithathu - evuthayo. Yilapho amandla enziwa khona. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-piston ifika phezulu kwesilinda, amagesi acindezelwe abaswa yi-spark plug. Lokhu kudala ukuqhuma okuncane ngaphakathi kwegumbi lomlilo okuphusha i-piston emuva.

• Istroke yesine - qeda. Lokhu kuqeda inqubo yokushiswa kwemivimbo emine njengoba ipiston iphushelwa phezulu yinduku yokuxhuma futhi ivalvu yokukhipha umoya ivule futhi ikhiphe amagesi e-exhaust ashile asuka egumbini elivuthayo.

I-stroke ibalwa njengenguquko eyodwa, ngakho-ke uma uzwa igama elithi RPM lisho ukuthi umjikelezo owodwa ogcwele wemoto noma imivimbo emine ehlukene ngokuphenduka ngakunye. Ngakho-ke, lapho injini ibambezeleka ku-1,000 rpm, lokho kusho ukuthi injini yakho iqeda inqubo yokushaywa kwezine izikhathi ezingu-1,000 16 ngomzuzu, noma izikhathi ezingaba ngu-XNUMX ngomzuzwana.

Umehluko phakathi kwezinjini ezine-two-stroke nezine

Umehluko wokuqala ukuthi ama-spark plugs avutha kanye ngenguquko ngayinye enjinini enama-stroke amabili futhi avutha kanye ngomzuzwana enjinini enama-stroke amane. Inguquko wuchungechunge olulodwa lweziteleka ezine. Izinjini ezine-stroke zivumela ukushaywa ngakunye ukuthi kwenzeke ngokuzimela. Injini enama-stroke amabili idinga izinqubo ezine ukuze zenzeke ekunyakazeni phezulu naphansi, okunikeza i-two-stroke igama layo.

Omunye umehluko wukuthi izinjini ezine-stroke ezimbili aziwadingi ama-valve ngoba i-intake ne-exhaust iyingxenye yokucindezelwa nokuvutha kwepiston. Esikhundleni salokho, kunechweba le-exhaust ekamelweni lokushisa.

Izinjini ezine-stroke ezimbili azinayo ikamelo elihlukile likawoyela, ngakho-ke kufanele lihlanganiswe nophethiloli ngenani elifanele. Isilinganiso esithile sincike emotweni futhi sikhonjiswe kumanuwali yomnikazi. Izilinganiso ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zingu-50: 1 kanye no-32: 1, lapho u-50 no-32 ebhekisela enanini likaphethiloli ingxenye ngayinye yamafutha. Injini ene-four-stroke ine-oyili ehlukile futhi ayidingi ukuxutshwa. Lena enye yezindlela ezilula zokutshela umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zezinjini.

Enye indlela yokuhlonza lezi ezimbili ngomsindo. Izinjini ezinama-stroke amabili zivame ukwenza umsindo omkhulu, onephimbo eliphezulu, kuyilapho injini enemivimbo emine yenza umsindo othambile. Izinjini ezinemivimbo emibili zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zokugunda utshani nasezimotweni ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezingekho emgwaqeni (njengezithuthuthu nezimoto ezihamba eqhweni), kuyilapho izinjini ezinemivimbo emine zisetshenziswa ezimotweni zomgwaqo kanye nezinjini ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezisuka ezindaweni eziningi.