Isakhiwo nenqubo yokusebenza kohlelo lokuqapha ingcindezi yesondo i-TPMS

Ukugcina ingcindezi yesondo efanelekile kuthinta ukudonsa ngamandla, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukuphatha nokuphepha kwezimoto kukonke. Iningi labashayeli lisebenzisa igeji evamile yokucindezela ukubheka, kepha inqubekela phambili ayimi nse futhi nohlelo lokuqapha ingcindezi yamathaya ngogesi lwenziwa ngenkuthalo ezimotweni zesimanje. Isibonelo, emazweni aseYurophu nase-United States, kuphoqelekile kuzo zonke izimoto. ERussia, ukuba khona kohlelo lwe-TPMS sekuyimfuneko edingekayo yokuqinisekiswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha zezimoto kusukela ngo-2016.

Luyini uhlelo lwe-TPMS

Uhlelo lweTire Pressure Monitoring System TPMS (Uhlelo Lokuqapha Ukucindezela KweTire) kusho ukuphepha okusebenzayo kwemoto. Njengezinye izinto eziningi ezintsha, kwavela embonini yezempi. Umsebenzi wawo omkhulu ukuqapha ingcindezi yesondo bese unikeza isexwayiso kumshayeli lapho ewela ngaphansi kwenani lomkhawulo. Kubukeka sengathi ingcindezi yesondo akuyona ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu emotweni, kodwa akunjalo. Okokuqala, ukushayela ukuphepha. Isibonelo, uma ingcindezi yamathayi ohlangothini ngalunye lwama-ekseli ihlukile, khona-ke imoto izodonselwa eceleni. Emazingeni ayisisekelo wokunciphisa, i-TPMS yaqala ukuvela ngo-2000. Kukhona nezinhlelo zokuqapha ezimele ezingathengwa futhi zifakwe ngokuhlukile.

Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokuqapha ingcindezi yamathayi

Empeleni, amasistimu angahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezimbili: nge ngqo (ngqo) futhi engaqondile (engaqondile) ubukhulu.

Uhlelo lokulinganisa olungaqondile

Lolu hlelo lubhekwa njengolulula kakhulu ngokusebenza futhi luqaliswa kusetshenziswa i-ABS. Ngokuhamba, inquma indawo engamasondo nebanga elihamba kulo ekuguqulweni okukodwa. Izinzwa ze-ABS ziqhathanisa ukufundwa esondweni ngalinye. Uma kunezinguquko, khona-ke isignali ithunyelwa kudeshibhodi yemoto. Umqondo ngukuthi i-radius nebanga elihanjelwe isondo eliqhumile kuzohluka kunereferensi.

Ubuhle balolu hlobo lwe-TPMS ukungabikho kwezinto ezengeziwe nezindleko ezamukelekayo. Futhi kusevisi ungalungiselela amapharamitha okuqala wokucindezela lapho kuzokalwa khona ukuphambuka. Okubi ukusebenza okulinganiselwe. Akunakwenzeka ukukala ingcindezi ngaphambi kokuqala kokuhamba, izinga lokushisa. Ukuphambuka kusuka kudatha yangempela kungaba cishe ngama-30%.

Uhlelo lokulinganisa oluqondile

Lolu hlobo lwe-TPMS yilona olusesikhathini kakhulu futhi olunembile. Ukucindezela kwethayi ngalinye kukalwa ngenzwa ekhethekile.

Isethi ejwayelekile yohlelo ifaka:

• izinzwa zokucindezela isondo;
• isamukeli sesignali noma i-antenna;
• Isilawuli sokulawula.

Izinzwa zidlulisa isignali mayelana nezinga lokushisa kanye nesimo sengcindezi yesondo. I-antenna eyamukelayo idlulisa isignali kuyunithi lokulawula. Izamukeli zifakwe emaceleni amasondo emoto, isondo ngalinye linalo.

Kunezinhlelo lapho kungekho khona abamukeli bamasignali nezinzwa zamasondo ezixhumana ngqo nophiko lokulawula. Kuzinhlelo ezinjalo, izinzwa kufanele "zibhaliswe" ebhlokini ukuze iqonde ukuthi yiliphi isondo elinenkinga.

Imininingwane yomshayeli ingakhonjiswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Ezinguqulweni ezishibhile, esikhundleni sesibonisi, inkomba iyakhanya, ikhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle. Njengomthetho, akubonisi ukuthi iyiphi inkinga okuyisondo. Endabeni yokukhishwa kwedatha kusibonisi, ungathola imininingwane ngamazinga okushisa nokucindezela kwesondo ngalinye ngokwehlukana.

Izinzwa zengcindezi nezinhlobo zazo

Izinzwa yizinto ezisemqoka zohlelo. Lawa ngamadivayisi ayinkimbinkimbi. Kubandakanya: i-antenna edlulisayo, ibhethri, ingcindezi kanye nenzwa yokushisa uqobo. Idivayisi enjalo yabalawuli ikusistimu ethuthuke kakhulu, kepha kukhona elula futhi.

Izinzwa zehlukaniswa ngokwendlela yazo yokuklama nokufaka:

• i-mechanical;
• kwangaphandle;
• kwangaphakathi.

Izinzwa zemishini yizona ezilula kakhulu futhi ezingabizi kakhulu. Ziboshwe endaweni yesigqoko. Ingcindezi yamathayi ihambisa ikepisi iye ezingeni elithile. Umbala oluhlaza we-valve yangaphandle ukhombisa ukucindezela okujwayelekile, ukuphuzi - ukudonsa kuyadingeka, izinga elibomvu - eliphansi. Izinzwa ezinjalo azibonisi izinombolo eziqondile, futhi kaningi zimane nje zisontwe. Ingcindezi ekunyakazeni ayinakwenzeka ukunquma. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokubukeka kuphela.

Izinzwa zangaphandle ze-elekthronikhi nazo zifakwa ku-valve, kepha zidlulisa isignali eqhubekayo ngemvamisa ethile emayelana nesimo sengcindezi kusibonisi, inkomba noma i-smartphone. Ububi babo ukuthambekela ekulimaleni komshini ngenkathi ushayela nokutholakala kwamasela.

Izinzwa zangaphakathi zokucindezela zikagesi zifakiwe ngaphakathi kwe-disc futhi zihambisana nama-valve esondo. Zonke izinto ezifakwa ngogesi, i-antenna nebhethri zifihliwe ngaphakathi kwesondo. I-valve ejwayelekile ifakwa kusuka ngaphandle. Okubi ukuthi yinkimbinkimbi yokufakwa. Ukuwafaka, isondo ngalinye kufanele linqunyelwe. Impilo yebhethri yenzwa, ngaphakathi nangaphandle, imvamisa ihlala iminyaka engu-7-10. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukwenza indawo.

Uma ufake izinzwa zokucindezela isondo, qiniseka ukuthi uxwayisa isihlanganisi samasondo ngalokhu. Ezimweni eziningi, ziyasikwa lapho kufakwa irabha.

Izinzuzo zesistimu nokubi

Izinzuzo ezilandelayo zingaqokonyiswa:

1. Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe. Lokhu kungenye yezinzuzo eziphambili nezibalulekile zohlelo. Ngosizo lwe-TPMS, umshayeli angakwazi ukuxilonga iphutha ekucindezelekeni ngesikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela avimbele ukuwohloka okungenzeka nezingozi.

2. Iyalondoloza. Ukufakwa kohlelo kuzodinga imali ethile, kepha ngokuzayo bazokhokha. Ingcindezi elilungile kuzokusiza uphethiloli kahle. Impilo yokusebenza kwamathayi nayo iyanda.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesistimu, futhi inezinkinga ezithile:

2. Ukuvezwa kobusela. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukweba izinzwa zangaphakathi, khona-ke ezingaphandle zivame ukusonteka. Ukunakwa kwezakhamizi ezingaziphenduli nakho kungadonswa yisibonisi esengeziwe kule ndlwana.
3. Ukungasebenzi kahle nokungasebenzi kahle. Izimoto ezifika zisuka eYurophu nase-USA zivame ukuza namasondo asuswe ukonga isikhala. Lapho ufaka amasondo, kungahle kudingeke ukulinganisa izinzwa. Lokhu kungenziwa, kepha ulwazi oluthile lungadingeka. Izinzwa zangaphandle zivezwa imvelo yangaphandle kanye nokulimala kwemishini, okungaholela ekuwohlokeni kwazo.
4. Isibonisi esingeziwe (sokuzifaka ngokwakho). Njengomthetho, izimoto ezibizayo ekuqaleni zihlonyelwe uhlelo lokulawula ingcindezi. Yonke imininingwane iboniswa kalula esikrinini sekhompyutha ebhodini. Amasistimu azifakile anesibonisi esihlukile esibukeka singaphandle egumbini. Ngenye indlela, faka imodyuli ye-TPMS ku-lighter kagwayi. Ukupaka isikhathi eside noma ngasiphi isikhathi, ungakususa kalula.

Ukungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka kwe-TPMS

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zezinzwa ezingasebenzi kahle ze-TPMS kungaba:

• ukungasebenzi kahle kweyunithi yokulawula nokudlulisa idivayisi;
• ukukhishwa kwe-accumulator ye-sensor;
• ukulimala kwemishini;
• ukufaka esikhundleni esiphuthumayo isondo noma amasondo angenazo izinzwa.

Futhi, lapho ufaka enye yezinzwa ezakhelwe kwenye, uhlelo lungaphikisana futhi lunikeze isignali yephutha. EYurophu imvamisa yomsakazo ejwayelekile yezinzwa 433 MHz, kanti e-USA kungama-315 MHz.

Uma enye yezinzwa ingekho esimeni, ukuklama kabusha uhlelo kungasiza. Izinga lokuphendula lenzwa engasebenzi lisethelwe ku-zero. Lokhu akutholakali kuzo zonke izinhlelo.

I-TPMS ingakhombisa izinkomba ezimbili zamaphutha kudeshibhodi: “TPMS” ne- “Tyre enesibabazi”. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi esimweni sokuqala, ukungasebenzi kahle kuhlotshaniswa nokusebenza kohlelo ngokwalo (iyunithi yokulawula, izinzwa), kuthi okwesibili kube nengcindezi yesondo (izinga elinganele).

Kuzinhlelo ezithuthukile, isilawuli ngasinye sinekhodi yaso yokuhlonza eyingqayizivele. Njengomthetho, beza nefektri ephelele. Lapho ulinganisa, ukulandelana okuthile kufanele kulandelwe, ngokwesibonelo, ngaphambili kwesobunxele nangakwesokudla, bese emuva kwesokudla nangakwesobunxele. Kungaba nzima ukumisa izinzwa ezinjalo ngokwakho futhi kungcono ukuxhumana nochwepheshe.