Idivayisi kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwe-MPI yokujova uphethiloli we-multiport

Amasistimu omjovo kaphethiloli ocindezelwayo aguqukile kusukela kumishini elula ukuya kumasistimu asabalalisiwe alawulwa ngekhompiyutha afaka uphethiloli ngawodwana kusilinda ngasinye senjini. Isifinyezo se-MPI (I-Multi Point Injection) sisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa umgomo wokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli ngama-injection kagesi ku-multifold intake, eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kwevalve yokudonsa. Njengamanje, lena indlela evamile futhi enkulu kakhulu yokuhlela ukunikezwa kwamandla kaphethiloli.

Okufakiwe ohlelweni

Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu kwakhiwa kwakuwumthamo onembile wokunikezwa kukaphethiloli we-cyclic, okungukuthi, ukubalwa kanye nokunqanyulwa kwenani elidingekayo likaphethiloli, kuye ngesisindo somoya esinikezwe amasilinda kanye neminye imingcele ebalulekile yenjini yamanje. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa ukuba khona kwezingxenye eziyinhloko:

• iphampu yamafutha ngokuvamile itholakala ku-tank gas;
• i-pressure regulator kanye ne-fuel line, ingaba eyodwa noma kabili, ne-fuel return drain;
• irempu enama-injection (ama-injection) alawulwa ama-impulses kagesi;
• iyunithi yokulawula injini (ECU), eqinisweni, iyikhompuyutha encane enezingxenye ezithuthukile, inkumbulo ehlala njalo, ebhalekayo futhi yokufinyelela engahleliwe;
• izinzwa eziningi eziqapha izindlela zokusebenza zenjini, indawo yokulawula nezinye izinhlelo zemoto;
• ama-actuator nama-valve;
• isofthiwe ne-hardware eyinkimbinkimbi yokulawula ukuthungela, ehlanganiswe ngokugcwele ku-ECM.
• izindlela ezengeziwe zokunciphisa ubuthi.

Imishini isatshalaliswa kuyo yonke ingaphakathi lemoto ukusuka esiqwini kuya egumbini lenjini, ama-node axhunywe ngezintambo zikagesi, amabhasi edatha yekhompyutha, uphethiloli, umoya kanye nemigqa ye-vacuum.

Ukusebenza kwamayunithi ngamanye kanye nemishini iyonke

Uphethiloli utholakala ethangini elicindezelwe yiphampu kagesi etholakala lapho. Injini kagesi kanye nengxenye yepompo isebenza endaweni kaphethiloli, nayo ipholile futhi igcotshwe ngayo. Ukuphepha komlilo kuqinisekiswa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo odingekayo ekuthuthweni; ingxube enomoya enothiswe ngophethiloli ayibaswa yinhlansi kagesi.

Ngemva kokuhlunga ngezigaba ezimbili, uphethiloli ungena esitimeleni sikaphethiloli. Ukucindezela okukuyo kugcinwa kuzinzile ngosizo lomlawuli owakhiwe empompini noma kumzila wesitimela. Okweqile kukhishwa emuva ethangini.

Ngesikhathi esifanele, ama-electromagnets ama-injection, ahlanganiswe phakathi kwerempu kanye ne-multiple intake, athola isignali kagesi kusuka kubashayeli be-ECM ukuze bavule. Uphethiloli ocindezelwe empeleni ujovwa ku-valve yokudonsa, kanyekanye ufafaze futhi uhwamuke. Njengoba ukwehla kwengcindezi kuyo yonke i-injector kugcinwa kuzinzile, inani likaphethiloli elinikezwayo linqunywa isikhathi sokuvula se-valve yokujova. Ushintsho lwe-vacuum kumqoqi lucatshangelwa uhlelo lwesilawuli.

Isikhathi sokuvula umlomo wombhobho siyinani elibaliwe ngesisekelo sedatha etholwe kuzinzwa:

• ukugeleza komoya okukhulu noma ingcindezi eningi eningi;
• izinga lokushisa legesi lokungena;
• i-throttle yokuvula degree;
• ukuba khona kwezimpawu zokusha kwe-detonation;
• izinga lokushisa lenjini;
• imvamisa yokujikeleza kanye nezigaba zokuma kwe-crankshaft nama-camshafts;
• ukuba khona komoya-mpilo kumagesi okukhipha umoya ngaphambi nangemva kwesiguquli se-catalytic.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ECM ithola ulwazi oluvela kwezinye izinhlelo zemoto ngebhasi ledatha, enikeza impendulo yenjini ezimeni ezihlukahlukene. Uhlelo lwe-block ngokuqhubekayo lugcina imodeli yezibalo ze-torque yenjini. Wonke ama-constants ayo abhalwe kumamephu emodi ye-multidimensional.

Ngaphezu kokulawula umjovo oqondile, uhlelo luhlinzeka ngokusebenza kwamanye amadivaysi, amakhoyili nama-spark plugs, umoya wethangi, ukuqiniswa kokushisa kanye neminye imisebenzi eminingi. I-ECM ine-hardware nesofthiwe yokwenza ukuzihlola futhi inikeze umshayeli ulwazi mayelana nokuvela kwamaphutha nokungasebenzi kahle.

Njengamanje, kusetshenziswa umjovo wezigaba ngamunye kuphela we-cylinder ngayinye. Esikhathini esidlule, ama-injection asebenza kanyekanye noma ngababili, kodwa lokhu akuzange kuthuthukise izinqubo enjinini. Ngemva kokwethulwa kwezinzwa zokuma kwe-camshaft, isilinda ngasinye sathola ukulawula okuhlukile ngisho nokuxilongwa.

Izici zobuntu, izinzuzo kanye nokubi

Ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa i-MPI kwamanye amasistimu omjovo ngokuba khona kwemibhobho ngayinye enerempu evamile eqondiswe kuningi. Umjovo wephuzu elilodwa wawunomjovo owodwa owawuthatha indawo ye-carburetor futhi wawufana nokubukeka kwawo. Umjovo oqondile emakamelweni avuthayo unezimbobo ezifana nemishini kaphethiloli kadizili enepompo yomfutho ophezulu efakwe ekhanda lebhulokhi. Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi, ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukushiyeka komjovo oqondile, uhlinzekwa ngerempu yokusebenza ehambisanayo ukuze unikeze ingxenye kaphethiloli ezinhlobonhlobo.

Isidingo sokuhlela ukushiswa okuphumelelayo kwamasilinda kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwemishini ye-MPI. I-fuel ingena engxubeni eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ekamelweni elivuthayo, ifafaze ngokuphumelelayo futhi ihwamuke. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usebenze ezixubeni ezithambile kakhulu, uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle.

Ukulawula okunembayo kokuphakelayo kwekhompuyutha kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana namazinga obuthi akhula njalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindleko zehadiwe ziphansi, imishini ene-MPI ishibhile ukuyikhiqiza kunezinhlelo zokujova eziqondile. Ukuphakama nokuqina, futhi ukulungisa kubiza kancane. Konke lokhu kuchaza ukudlondlobala okukhulu kwe-MPI ezimotweni zesimanje, ikakhulukazi amakilasi esabelomali.