Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kwenzwa yemvula emotweni

Kuze kube muva nje, umsebenzi wokuvula ngokuzenzakalela ama-wiper wawufakwe kuphela ezimotweni ezibizayo, futhi manje inzwa yemvula ihlanganiswe nokulungiswa kwamamodeli wesabelomali. Izinhlelo ezinjalo zenzelwe ukukhulisa ukunethezeka kokushayela imoto nokusiza umshayeli ngenkathi ushayela.

Iyini futhi ikuphi inzwa yemvula emotweni

Inzwa yemvula emotweni isetshenziselwa ukuthola imvula futhi isebenzise ama-wiper lapho kudingeka. Esimweni esijwayelekile, umshayeli uzimela ngokuzimela isimo sezulu nokusebenza kwamabhulashi, okuphazamisa ukugxila emgwaqweni, kepha uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo luyakwazi ukusabela ezingeni lemvula uqobo. Ngokuya ngamandla emvula noma iqhwa, inzwa ikhiqiza isinali lokulawula futhi ilawula izindlela zokusebenza kwamabhulashi nejubane lawo.

Njengomthetho, inzwa itholakala ewindini langaphambili, endaweni engeke ivimbe umbono womshayeli womgwaqo. Isikhala ngemuva kwesibuko sokubuka emuva sikulungele lokhu.

Inzwa ibukeka njengedivayisi encane yokufunda etholakala ngemuva kwesivikelo somoya. Ngokuya ngezici zedizayini, ayikwazi ukuvula ama-wiper kuphela, kepha futhi ibona ileveli yokukhanya ukuvula amalambu angaphambili. Umshini unamathele kufasitela lomoya kusetshenziswa izinhlanganisela ezikhethekile.

Imisebenzi eyinhloko nenhloso

Ngemuva kokuthola ukuthi iyini inzwa yemvula yemoto, udinga ukuqonda inhloso nemisebenzi eyinhloko yedivayisi:

• ukukhonjwa kwemvula neqhwa;
• ukuhlaziywa kokungcola kwesivikelo somoya;
• ukulawula ama-wiper, kanye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokusebenza kwawo;
• ukukhanya okuzenzakalelayo kokukhanya uma kungakhanyi ngokwanele (esimweni senzwa ehlanganisiwe).

Inzwa yemvula nayo inezithiyo ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi i-alamu yamanga lapho amanzi engena endaweni yokuhlaziya noma ukwehluleka lapho ingilazi igcwele ukungcola noma amanzi avela ezimotweni ezingomakhelwane. Futhi, isekethe yokulawula imoto kungenzeka ingavuli ama-washer, okuzoholela ekugcobeni ukungcola engilazini nokukhubazeka kokubonakala. Noma yiluphi uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo alubandakanyi amaphutha namaphutha. Isibonelo, ukusebenza kwamabhulashi kuvame ukwenzeka ngokubambezeleka okuncane, futhi ngalesi sikhathi umshayeli angazihlanza ingilazi eyedwa.

Abenzi basebenza njalo ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza nokunciphisa amaphutha wezinzwa zemvula.

Izici zedivayisi nokuklama

Ekuqaleni, kwakusetshenziswa uhlelo olulula oluvela kubakhiqizi baseMelika ukuthola izinga lemvula. Amafilimu akhethekile afakwa efasiteleni langaphambili ukuze aqhubeke nokumelana, futhi uhlelo lokulinganisa luhlaziye ushintsho kumapharamitha. Uma ukumelana kwehla, amabhulashi avulwa ngokuzenzakalela. Kepha ukwakheka kwaba nezingqinamba eziningi, ngoba kudalwe yizinto eziningi zamanga, kufaka phakathi izinambuzane ezinamathele engilazini.

Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-80, abaklami baqala ukuthuthukisa amadivayisi aqukethe ama-LED kanye nama-photodiode aphendula ekushintsheni kwe-angle of refraction of light. Lokhu kwenze ukuthi kwandiswe ukunemba kwesilinganiso futhi kunciphise inani lama-alamu angamanga.

Inzwa yezulu iyindlu enebhodi nezakhi ezibonakalayo ngaphakathi. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zedivayisi:

• i-photodiode;
• ama-LED amabili;
• inzwa yokukhanyisa (uma ikhona);
• Isilawuli sokulawula.

Ngesikhathi sokuthola izinga lemvula elikhulile, inzwa ikhiqiza isinali lokulawula ukuvula ama-wiper, futhi ilawula nokuqina komsebenzi wabo.

Amadivayisi anquma izinga namandla emvula, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zemvula nokungcoliswa kwengilazi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukwandise ukusebenza kahle nokuzwela kohlelo.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Umgomo wokusebenza kwenzwa usekelwe ekusebenzeni kwezakhi ze-semensonductor ze-photosensitive kanye nemithetho yokukhanya okukhanyayo. Umqondo ukuthi i-LED ikhiqiza umsebe wokukhanya bese i-photodiode iyayicosha.

1. I-LED ithumela imishayo evulekile egxile entweni ebonakalayo.
2. Isiginali yokukhanya iyabonakala futhi ishaya i-photodetector, ehlaziya inani lokukhanya nezinga lokukhombisa.
3. Ukuvikela kuma-alamu angamanga, ukukhanya kwesibani kuqondiswa ku-photodiode ngama-pulses. Noma ngabe kwenzeka ukukhanya okuvela eceleni, uhlelo luvikelwe ekuqhamukeni okungamanga.
4. Uma isibonakaliso sokukhanya siba sibi ngokwengeziwe nge-photodetector, lapho uhlelo luphakama inani leleveli yezulu futhi lilawula ukusebenza kwe-wiper.

Amasistimu ayinkimbinkimbi afaka phakathi i-photodiode eyi-remote kanye ne-light light ezungezile ehlaziya izimo ezungeze imoto bese ivula amalambu ngaphandle kokungenelela komshayeli.

Uyivula kanjani inzwa yemvula

Uma imoto ingenayo inzwa evela kumkhiqizi, kulula ukuyithenga bese uyifaka ngokwakho. Izinkampani ezikhiqiza imishini enjalo yobuchwepheshe zakha imiyalo eningiliziwe yokufaka nokulungisa uhlelo.

Cishe imiyalo yesinyathelo ngasinye yokuthi uyivula kanjani inzwa ejwayelekile yemvula:

1. Thola iswishi yekholomu yokuqondisa ebhekele ukusebenza kwamawiper kanye newasher.
2. Guqula iringi yeswishi kusuka endaweni yokuqala iye kunani kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-4. Ukuphakama kwenani, kukhulisa ukuzwela kwento leyo.
3. Bheka ukuthi isistimu iyasebenza yini.

Umsebenzi ungakhutshazwa kuphela ngokuhambisa umlawuli endaweni eyi-zero.

Ungahlola kanjani ukuthi kuyasebenza yini

Lokhu kudinga amanzi angenalutho nebhodlela le-spray. Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthi ungayihlola kanjani inzwa ngezandla zakho:

• vula inzwa yemvula;
• faka amanzi nge-spray efasiteleni lomoya;
• linda uhlelo lusebenze imizuzwana engama-20-30.

Ngaphambi kokuqala isivivinyo, kufanele ubeke inzwa kwimodi ebucayi. Ngokunemba okukhulu, izivivinyo zenziwa ngezindlela eziningi zokusebenza.

Zonke izinhlelo zivikelwe kuma-alamu angamanga, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukufaka amanzi ngokulinganayo ku-windshield imizuzwana engama-20. Ngaphandle kwalokho, okuyinkimbinkimbi okuzenzakalelayo ngeke kusebenze futhi ngeke kuvule amabhulashi. Ngenye indlela, ungasebenzisa ukuxilongwa kwekhompyutha.

Inzwa yezulu ikuvumela ukuthi ubheke ngokuzenzakalela izimo zezulu, futhi uma kwenzeka kunemvula noma iqhwa - ukuvula abahlanzayo. Yize uhlelo lunezinkinga ezimbalwa, lwenza ukushayela kube lula kakhulu.