Ukufakwa kwezinzwa zokupaka kuzinzwa ezi-4

Ama-radar avamile asezimotweni axwayisa umshayeli ngezithiyo ezitholiwe lapho epaka endaweni evalekile. Kodwa le mishini ayifakiwe abakhiqizi kuwo wonke amamodeli emishini. Umnikazi angafaka izinzwa zokupaka ngezandla zakhe, ngenxa yalokhu uzodinga ukubhoboza ngokucophelela i-bumper futhi adlulise izintambo zokuxhuma emzimbeni wemoto.

Amathuluzi adingekayo

Ukuze ufake okokusebenza emotweni, uzodinga amathuluzi alandelayo:

• umsiki okhethekile wepulasitiki (ububanzi kufanele buhambisane nobukhulu bomzimba wezinzwa);
• i-drill kagesi noma i-screwdriver engenazintambo;
• iqoqo lokhiye;
• ama-screwdriver anamathiphu ayisicaba futhi amise okwesiphambano;
• isethi yama-wrenches anamakhanda e-Torx (edingekayo ezimotweni zokukhiqiza zaseYurophu);
• idivayisi yokuhlola;
• I-Scotch tape;
• roulette kanye nezinga;
• ipensela noma umaka.

Zifakwa kanjani izinzwa zokupaka

Ukuze uzifakele izinzwa zokupaka, kuyadingeka ukulungisa izinzwa kumabhampa emoto bese ufaka imojula yesixwayiso emotweni. Uhlelo lokufaka luhlanganisa iyunithi yokulawula ehlukile, exhunywe kunethiwekhi yemoto esebhodini. Izingxenye zixhunywe ngezintambo ezifakwe kukhithi.

Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi wokufaka, kunconywa ukuthi uhlole ukusebenza kwezingxenye zesistimu yokusiza ukupaka. Izingxenye zixhunywe ngokusho komdwebo wezintambo zefekthri, bese zivula umthombo we-12 V DC, olinganiselwe okwamanje kuze kufike ku-1 A. Ukuhlola izinzwa, kusetshenziswa ishidi lekhadibhodi, lapho kubhojwa khona izimbobo ukufaka umkhiqizo. Bese kufakwa isithiyo phambi kwesici ngasinye esibucayi, ukunemba kuhlolwa ngezilinganiso zebanga le-tape measure.

Lapho ufaka izinzwa, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuqondiswa kwezingxenye emkhathini.

Kunombhalo othi PHEZULU ngemuva, ohambisana nesikhombi somcibisholo. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, idivayisi ibekwe umcibisholo obheke phezulu, kodwa inzwa ingazungeziswa ngo-180° uma ibhampa ingaphezu kuka-600 mm noma uma ubhampa ubheke phezulu, okwehlisa ukuzwela kwedivayisi ye-ultrasonic. inzwa.

Lolu hlelo

Uhlelo lokufaka luhlinzekela ukubekwa kwezinzwa ze-ultrasonic kumabhampa angaphambili nangemuva. Izinzwa zitholakala endizeni yokugcina, kanye nasemakhoneni ebhampa, enikeza isandiso sendawo elawulwayo. Umsizi wokupaka ungasebenza ngokubambisana nekhamera ebuka ngemuva eveza isithombe esikrinini somsakazo noma kwesinye isikrini. Iyunithi yokulawula ifakwe ngaphansi kwe-upholstery ye-trunk noma ekamelweni labagibeli (endaweni evikelekile kumswakama). Ibhodi yolwazi ene-buzzer ibekwa kuphaneli yensimbi noma yakhelwe esibukweni.

Ifaka izinzwa zokupaka zangemuva

Ukufakwa kwezinzwa zokupaka ngemuva kuqala ngokumaka ingaphezulu lebhampa. Ukunemba komsebenzi womsizi kuncike kwikhwalithi ye-markup, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukutadisha izincomo zomkhiqizi kusengaphambili. Uma ifakwe ngokungalungile, izindawo “ezifile” ziyakhiwa lapho okungase kuvele khona isithiyo.

Ungawafaka kanjani izinzwa ze-ultrasonic zangemuva:

1. Maka ikhava yepulasitiki kabhampa bese usebenzisa izingcezu ze-masking tape ezindaweni zenzwa. Ikhithi yesisetshenziswa ingase ihlanganise iphethini evumela umnikazi ukuthi aphawule indawo engaphezulu yebhampa futhi afake ngokuzimela izinto ezizwelayo. Abakhiqizi bemishini batusa ukufaka izakhi zokubona endaweni ephakeme engu-550-600 mm ukusuka phansi.
2. Thola indawo yezikhungo zemigodi usebenzisa isilinganiso se-tape kanye neleveli ye-hydraulic noma ye-laser. Izinzwa ze-Ultrasonic kufanele zibekwe ngokulinganayo ekuphakameni okufanayo.
3. Maka izikhungo zamashaneli nge-punch encane ephakathi ukuze umsiki angasheleli. Ukumba, sebenzisa ithuluzi elinikezwe umkhiqizi wokusiza epaki. Ububanzi bembobo kufanele bufane nobukhulu bomzimba wezinzwa ukuze izakhi zingawi ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
4. Namathisela i-cutter ku-chuck yethuluzi lamandla bese uqala ukubhola. Ithuluzi lokusika kufanele libe nge-perpendicular ebusweni okwenziwa ngomshini, ngenkathi ilawula indawo evundlile yomsiki. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi kunesigxobo sensimbi ngaphansi kwekesi lepulasitiki elingaphula ithuluzi.
5. Faka izindlu zezinzwa ezinezintambo zokuxhuma emigodini enikeziwe. Uma i-foam damper ifakwe ekwakhiweni komshini, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukubhoboza ngokucophelela ingxenye, isiteshi esiphumela sisetshenziselwa ukukhipha izintambo zokuxhuma. Uma umsebenzi wenziwa emkhonweni wepulasitiki osusiwe, izintambo zibekwe eduze kwendawo yangaphakathi kuze kube sezingeni lokungena endlini.
6. Namathisela izinzwa usebenzisa izindandatho zokukhweza ezinikeziwe; izinhlamvu zisetshenziswa emzimbeni wezingxenye, ezinquma inhloso yento ebucayi. Ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezinto ezindaweni akuvunyelwe, njengoba ukunemba kwedivayisi kuphuliwe. Ngemuva kwendlu kunezimpawu ezichazayo (isb. imicibisholo) ekhombisa indawo efanele kubhampa.
7. Hambisa izintambo zenzwa ku-o-ring yesitoko noma ipulaki yepulasitiki esiqwini. Uma umnyango wenziwa ngepulaki, khona-ke indawo yokungena ivalwa ngongqimba lwe-sealant. Amakhebuli elulwa ngocezu lwentambo yokunwebeka noma ucingo.

Umnikazi angafaka izinzwa zokupaka ngemuva kunoma iyiphi imoto efakwe ubhampa wepulasitiki. Kuvunyelwe ukufaka umbala wezindlu zepulasitiki zezinzwa embala wezindlu, lokhu akuphazamisi ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa insiza yokupaka nge-towbar, izakhi zenzwa zibekwe ezinhlangothini ze-towbar. Ubude bedivayisi abudluli ku-150 mm, ngakho-ke i-towbar ayibangeli ama-alamu angamanga wezinzwa.

Ifaka izinzwa zokupaka ngaphambili

Uma uhlela ukufaka izinzwa zokupaka izinzwa eziyi-8, uzodinga ukubhoboza izimbobo kubhampa wangaphambili bese ufaka izinzwa kuzo. Lapho umba iziteshi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izintambo zikagesi ezijwayelekile zemoto zibekwe ngaphakathi kwe-plastic casing, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi usebenze ku-bumper ehlukanisiwe. Ngemuva kokumaka izikhungo zemigodi, ukubhoboza kwenziwa. Uma ufaka izinzwa, ungacindezeli engxenyeni emaphakathi yomzimba.

Izintambo zokuxhuma zihanjiswa ngekhompathimenti yenjini ukusuka kurediyetha wesistimu yokupholisa kanye ne-exhaust eningi. Izintambo zinconywa ukuba zifakwe emkhonweni ovikelayo ohlukile, ofakwa ku-harness yocingo evamile. Umnyango we-cabin wenziwa ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezikhona zobuchwepheshe esivikelweni senjini.

Izindlela zokuvula umsizi wangaphambili:

1. Isignali yokukhanyisa ehlehlisayo. Uma uqala ukuya emuva, izinzwa ze-ultrasonic ngaphambili nangemuva kwemoto ziyasebenza. Ububi bale ndlela buhlanganisa ukungakwazi ukuvula izinzwa zangaphambili uma upaka imoto nengxenye yangaphambili eduze nodonga.
2. Ngosizo lwenkinobho ehlukile, umnikazi uvula imishini kuphela uma kwenzeka ukuqondisa ngaphansi kwezimo eziminyene. Ukhiye ufakwe kuphaneli yensimbi noma kukhonsoli emaphakathi, idizayini yeswishi ine-LED yokunquma imodi yokusebenza.

Ngemuva kokufaka izinzwa, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukufakwa okulungile nokubekwa kwezintambo zokuxhuma.

Iyunithi yokulawula isekela ukuxilonga okuzenzakalelayo; Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, izinzwa ziyaphenywa.

Uma kutholwa into embi, kuzokhala i-alamu futhi amasegimenti azokhanya kusibonisi Semojuli Yolwazi ukuze abonise into ehlulekile. Umnikazi womshini kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi ikhebula kanye nokufakwa ngaphakathi kuqinile, nokuthi izintambo zesilawuli zixhunywe ngendlela efanele.

Imininingwane isibonisi

Ngemva kokufaka izinzwa, umnikazi uyaqhubeka nokubeka ibhodi lolwazi kukhabhinethi, okuyi-crystal display crystal liquid noma ibhulokhi enezinkomba zokukhanya zokulawula. Kukhona ukulungiswa komsizi ngephaneli yolwazi eyenziwe ngesimo sesibuko esingemuva. Lapho ufaka isikrini ku-windshield, izintambo zidlula esiqwini ngaphansi kwe-headlining kanye ne-plastic trim ezinsikeni zophahla.

Ukuze uzifakele uvimba wolwazi, kufanele:

1. Thola indawo yamahhala kuphaneli yezinsimbi, imishini akufanele ivimbele ukubuka esihlalweni somshayeli. Bonisa indlela yokubeka intambo yokuxhuma kusilawuli, ikhebula ligijima ngaphakathi kwephaneli bese liya endaweni yemithwalo ehambisana namahhanisi ezintambo ezijwayelekile.
2. Hlanza ubuso bepulasitiki othulini futhi unciphise ngokubunjwa okungabhubhisi isisekelo.
3. Susa ifilimu evikelayo ku-tape enezinhlangothi ezimbili exhunywe phansi kwedivayisi. Imojula yolwazi ayinawo amandla ayo, amandla anikezwa kwisilawuli sesistimu yokusiza ukupaka.
4. Faka imojula kudeshibhodi bese uxhuma ipayipi. Uma okokusebenza kusekela ukuskena kwezindawo "ezifile" kusiginali yokushintsha kwekholomu yokuqondisa, khona-ke ama-LED afakwa ezinsikeni ze-A zophahla. Izinsimbi zixhunywe ebhokisini lokulawula, izintambo zihanjiswa kanye ne-wiring eyinhloko yesibonisi.

Ungaxhuma kanjani idivayisi

Ukuze uxhume izinzwa zokupaka kuzinzwa ezingu-4, udinga ukusebenzisa izintambo kusukela kuzinto ze-ultrasonic ukuya kusilawuli, bese uxhuma isibonisi solwazi. Iyunithi yokulawula idinga amandla kuphela uma igiya elihlehlayo libanjiwe. Ukufaka ikhithi yezinzwa ezingu-8 kuyahluka ngokubeka ikhebula lezintambo ezengeziwe kusukela kuzinzwa ezitholakala kubhampa wangaphambili. Isilawuli sinamathiselwe odongeni lwe-trunk ngezikulufo noma iziqeshana zepulasitiki; kuvunyelwe ukufaka idivayisi ngaphansi kokubunjwa kokuhlobisa.

Isibonelo, umdwebo wesifunda wokuxhuma isilawuli somsizi we-SPARK-4F sinikeza okokufaka okunentambo okuvela ezinzwa, isignali yamandla evumayo inikezwa kusukela kusibani esihlehlayo. Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukusebenza kwemishini kuphela egiyeni elingemuva lemoto. Ucingo olunegethivu lunamathiselwe kumabhawodi akhethekile ashiselwe emzimbeni. Iyunithi yokulawula ine-block yokuvula izinkomba zokuqondisa, amasignali asetshenziselwa ukufaka imodi yokuhlela nokushintsha izigaba zemenyu.

Uhlelo lwezinzwa zokupaka lubandakanya ukusebenza kwemodi ethule, ekuvumela ukuthi unqume ibanga lezimoto ngemuva noma ngaphambili. Isilawuli ngokungeziwe sixhunywe kuswishi yomkhawulo etholakala ku-pedal yebhuleki. Ivunyelwe ukuthi inikwe amandla ngamalambu amabhuleki atholakala kumalambu angemuva. Uma ucindezela i-pedal kanye nendawo emaphakathi yesikhethi segiya, isibonisi sibonisa ibanga lezithiyo. Isakhiwo sesikrini sinenkinobho yokuphoqa isikrini ukuthi sivale.

Abanye abasizi basekela umsebenzi wokuxwayisa umshayeli ngezimoto ezisezindaweni "ezifile". Izinzwa zicushwa lapho isignali eyisixwayiso inikezwa inkomba yokuqondisa, lapho imoto noma isithuthuthu sitholwa, i-LED eyisixwayiso ekusikeni kwerack iyakhanyisa, isignali iphindwa kabili esikrinini. Ukuvala umsebenzi unomphela noma wesikhashana kuvunyelwe ngokusebenzisa isignali koxhumana naye ohlukile (okwenziwa i-toggle switch noma ngokucindezela i-pedal yebhuleki).

Ungamisa kanjani

Izinzwa zokupaka ezifakiwe nesilawuli sidinga ukuhlela. Ukuze ufake imodi yokusetha, udinga ukuvula ukuthungela, bese uvula i-reverse, enikeza amandla kuyunithi yokulawula. I-algorithm eyengeziwe incike kumodeli yezinzwa zokupaka. Isibonelo, ukuze ufake imodi yokuhlela yomkhiqizo we-SPARK-4F, uzodinga ukucindezela isignali yokujika izikhathi ezingu-6. Isibonisi sebhokisi lokulawula sizobonisa i-PI, okukuvumela ukuthi uqale ukulungisa.

Ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo, i-lever yegiya ibekwe endaweni engathathi hlangothi, i-pedal ye-brake ibanjwe phansi. Ushintsho phakathi kwezigaba zemenyu lwenziwa ngokuchofoza okukodwa ku-lever yenkomba yesiqondiso (phambili nangemuva). Ukufaka nokuphuma esigabeni sezilungiselelo kwenziwa ngokuvula nokuvala igiya elibuyela emuva.

Ukuze ulungise ukuzwela kwezinzwa ezingemuva zemoto, udinga ukubeka imoto endaweni eyisicaba, akufanele kube nezithiyo ngemuva kwayo. Izinzwa ze-Ultrasonic ziskena indawo engemuva komshini imizuzwana engu-6-8, bese kuzwakala isignali ezwakalayo, ehambisana nenkomba kudivayisi yokulawula. Abanye abasizi bafakwe isikrini esingafakwa ezindaweni ezihlukene. Ukuma kwesikrini kukhethwa esigabeni esihambelanayo semenyu.

Ungakhetha ubude besikhathi sokubhip esizokhishwa uma kutholwa isithiyo. Amanye amathuluzi acabangela ihhuku lokudonsa noma isondo eliyisipele elitholakala ngemuva komshini. Isilawuli sikhumbula i-offset yalezi zici futhi siyakucabangela lapho izinzwa zisebenza. Eminye imikhiqizo inemodi yokukhulisa isignali yenzwa. Umnikazi ukhetha ngokwamandla inani alifunayo, abese elungisa kabusha ukuzwela kwezinto.