Ukufakwa kwekhompyutha ebhodini - ukulungiswa, i-algorithm yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, amaphutha avamile
Okuqukethwe
Ezimotweni eziningi, i-data-wire isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ikhompyutha esebhodini, isibonelo, i-K-line, lapho i-minibus ithola khona ulwazi olubalulekile kumshayeli ovela kuma-ECU ahlukahlukene.
Abanikazi bezimoto zanamuhla bavame ukubhekana nesimo lapho, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kuyadingeka ukufaka ikhompyutha ebhodini (BC, bortovik, i-minibus, ikhompyutha yokuhamba, i-MK) yomunye umenzi noma okunye ukuguqulwa. Naphezu kwe-algorithm evamile yezenzo zanoma iyiphi imoto, ukufakwa nokuxhumeka komzila, kunama-nuances ancike kumodeli yemoto.
Iyini i-MK?
Umhlahlandlela womzila uthuthukisa ukulawula komshayeli phezu kwamapharamitha amakhulu emoto, ngoba iqoqa ulwazi kuwo wonke amasistimu amakhulu, bese ilihumushela kufomu elifaneleka kakhulu futhi ilubonise esikrinini sokubonisa. Olunye ulwazi luboniswa ngesikhathi sangempela, kuyilapho olunye lulondolozwe kumemori yedivayisi futhi luboniswa esikrinini lapho kunikwa umyalo kusetshenziswa izinkinobho noma amanye amadivaysi athinta izintambo.
Futhi, umsebenzi othuthukisiwe wokuxilonga wezinhlelo eziyinhloko zezimoto uzoba usizo kumshayeli, ngosizo lwawo uthola ulwazi mayelana nesimo sezingxenye kanye nemihlangano, kanye nedatha ye-mileage esele yezinto ezisetshenziswayo:
- i-motor kanye nowoyela wokudlulisa;
- ibhande lesikhathi noma iketanga (indlela yokusabalalisa igesi);
- ama-brake pads;
- i-brake fluid;
- i-antifreeze;
- amabhlogo athule nama-suspension shock absorbers.
Ifakwe ebhodini ikhompuyutha
Lapho isikhathi sokushintsha izinto ezisetshenziswayo sisondela, i-MK inikeza isignali, idonsa ukunaka komshayeli futhi imazisa ukuthi yiziphi izakhi ezidinga ukushintshwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amamodeli anomsebenzi wokuxilonga awagcini nje ngokubika ukuwohloka, kodwa futhi abonise ikhodi yephutha, ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukuthola ngokushesha imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle.
Izindlela zokufaka i-BC
Ikhompyutha esebhodini ingafakwa ngezindlela ezintathu:
- kuphaneli yezinsimbi;
- kuphaneli yangaphambili;
- kuphaneli yangaphambili.
Ungafaka ikhompyutha ebhodini kuphaneli yezinsimbi noma iphaneli yangaphambili, ebizwa nangokuthi "i-torpedo", kuphela kuleyo mishini ehambisana nayo ngokugcwele. Uma ihambisana kuphela ngohlelo lokuxhuma kanye nezivumelwano ezisetshenzisiwe, kodwa ukuma kwayo akufani nomgodi "ku-torpedo" noma iphaneli yensimbi, ngeke isebenze ukuyibeka lapho ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okukhulu.
Amadivayisi aklanyelwe ukubekwa kuphaneli yezinsimbi asebenza ngezindlela eziningi, futhi uma kunikezwe ithuba lokuwakhanyisa (Ukukhanyisa ikhompuyutha esebhodini), lawo madivayisi angafakwa kunoma yiziphi izimoto zesimanje ezifakwe amayunithi okulawula ugesi (ECU).
I-Подключение
Ezimotweni eziningi, i-data-wire isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ikhompyutha esebhodini, isibonelo, i-K-line, lapho i-minibus ithola khona ulwazi olubalulekile kumshayeli ovela kuma-ECU ahlukahlukene. Kodwa ukuze uthole ukulawula okuphelele kwemoto, udinga ukuxhuma kuzinzwa ezengeziwe, njengezinga likaphethiloli noma izinga lokushisa lomgwaqo.
Amanye amamodeli amakhompiyutha asebhodini ayakwazi ukulawula amayunithi ahlukahlukene, isibonelo, vula i-fan yenjini kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyunithi yokulawula, lo msebenzi uvumela umshayeli ukuthi alungise imodi eshisayo yemoto ngaphandle kokukhanyisa noma ukulungisa kabusha iyunithi yamandla e-ECU.
Ixhuma ikhompuyutha esebhodini
Ngakho-ke, isikimu esenziwe lula sokuxhuma oxhumana nabo bekhompiyutha esebhodini sibukeka kanje:
- ukudla (kanye nomhlaba);
- idatha-wire;
- izintambo zokuzwa;
- izintambo ze-actuator.
Ngokuya ngokucushwa kwezintambo ezisebhodini lemoto, lezi zintambo zingaxhunywa kusokhethi lokuxilonga, isibonelo, i-ODB-II, noma zidlule kuyo. Esimweni sokuqala, ikhompyutha esebhodini akufanele ifakwe kuphela endaweni ekhethiwe, kodwa futhi ixhunywe ku-block yokuxhuma; okwesibili, ngaphezu kokuxhuma ku-block, kuzodingeka futhi ixhunywe ezintanjeni. yezinzwa ezihambisanayo noma ama-actuator.
Ukuze ubonise ngokucacile indlela yokufaka nokuxhuma ikhompyutha ebhodini emotweni, sizonikeza iziqondiso zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, futhi njengosizo olubonakalayo sizosebenzisa imoto ephelelwe yisikhathi, kodwa edumile ye-VAZ 2115. Kodwa, ngayinye enjalo Umhlahlandlela uchaza isimiso esijwayelekile kuphela, emva kwakho konke, ama-BC ahlukile kuwo wonke umuntu, futhi iminyaka yamamodeli okuqala alezi zimoto cishe iminyaka engu-30, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi izintambo lapho zenziwe kabusha ngokuphelele.
Ukufakwa kusokhethi evamile
Enye yamakhompiyutha asebenza ngokugcwele ebhodini angafakwa ngaphandle kokushintshwa bese exhunywe ku-VAZ 2115 injector iyimodeli ye-BK-16 evela kumkhiqizi waseRussia Orion (NPP Orion). Le minibus ifakiwe esikhundleni sepulaki evamile kuphaneli yangaphambili yemoto, etholakala ngenhla kweyunithi yokubonisa yesistimu esebhodini.
Ukufakwa kusokhethi evamile
Nansi inqubo elinganiselwe yokufaka ikhompuyutha esebhodini bese uyixhuma emotweni:
- nqamula ibhethri;
- khipha ipulaki noma ukhiphe idivayisi kagesi efakwe endaweni ehambisanayo;
- ngaphansi kwephaneli yangaphambili, eduze kwesondo lokuqondisa, thola ibhulokhi yetheminali enamaphini ayisishiyagalolunye bese uyinqamula;
- khipha ingxenye ekude kakhulu nesondo lokushayela;
- xhuma izintambo ze-MK block ebhulokhini yemoto ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo, iza nekhompyutha esebhodini (khumbula, uma izinguquko zenziwa ezintamboni zemoto, bese ubeka ukuxhumana kwebhulokhi ku-auto enolwazi. osebenza ngogesi);
- xhuma izintambo zezinga likaphethiloli kanye nezinzwa zokushisa zangaphandle;
- xhuma ngokucophelela futhi uhlukanise oxhumana nabo bezintambo, ikakhulukazi xhuma ngokucophelela ku-K-line;
- hlola kabusha konke ukuxhumana ngokuhambisana nomdwebo;
- xhuma zombili izingxenye zebhulokhi yemoto bese uzibeka ngaphansi kwephaneli yangaphambili;
- xhuma ibhulokhi kumzila;
- faka ikhompyutha esebhodini endaweni efanele;
- xhuma ibhethri;
- vula ukuthungela futhi uhlole ukusebenza kwe-bortovik;
- qala injini bese uhlola ukusebenza kwekhumbi emgwaqeni.
Front Panel Mounting
Enye yamakhompiyutha ambalwa asebhodini angafakwa kunoma iyiphi imoto ye-carburetor, kuhlanganise nemodeli yokuqala ye-VAZ 2115, i-BK-06 evela kumkhiqizi ofanayo. Lenza imisebenzi elandelayo:
- iqapha izinguquko ze-crankshaft;
- ikala i-voltage kunethiwekhi esebhodini;
- imaka isikhathi sokuhamba;
- ibonisa isikhathi sangempela;
- ibonisa izinga lokushisa ngaphandle (uma inzwa efanele ifakiwe).
Sibiza le modeli ye-BC ngokuhambisana kancane ngoba ayihambisani nanoma yisiphi isihlalo sephaneli yangaphambili, ngakho umzila ubekwe "ku-torpedo" kunoma iyiphi indawo elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwayo kusho ukungenelela okungathi sína kuzintambo zemoto, ngoba asikho isixhumi esisodwa ongaxhuma kuso bonke noma okungenani iningi loxhumana nabo.
Ukufakwa ku-"torpedo"
Ukufaka nokuxhuma ikhompuyutha esebhodini, qhubeka kanje:
- khetha indawo yokufaka ikhompuyutha esebhodini;
- nqamula ibhethri;
- ngaphansi kwephaneli yangaphambili, thola izintambo zamandla (kanye nebhethri nomhlabathi) kanye nentambo yesignali yesistimu yokuthungela (isuka kumsabalalisi iye ekushintsheni);
- xhuma kubo izintambo eziphuma kumzila;
- hlukanisa oxhumana nabo;
- beka i-router endaweni;
- xhuma ibhethri;
- vula i-ignition futhi uhlole ukusebenza kwedivayisi;
- qala injini bese uhlola ukusebenza kwedivayisi.
Ukuxhuma ikhompyutha esebhodini nezinye izimoto
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwakhiwa kanye nemodeli yemoto, kanye nonyaka wokukhululwa kwayo, i-algorithm evamile yezenzo iyafana nezigaba ezichazwe ngenhla. Isibonelo, ukufaka nokuxhuma i-BC "State" UniComp-600M ku-"Vesta", yenza okulandelayo:
- namathisela idivayisi kukhonsoli yephaneli yangaphambili kunoma iyiphi indawo elula;
- beka iluphu yezintambo ukusuka kukhompyutha esebhodini kuya kusixhumi sokuxilonga;
- faka futhi uxhume inzwa yokushisa engaphandle;
- xhuma inzwa yezinga likaphethiloli.
Inqubo efanayo iyasebenza kunoma yiziphi izimoto zakwamanye amazwe zanamuhla.
Ukufakwa kweminibus ezimotweni zikadizili
Izimoto ezinjalo zifakwe izinjini ezingenalo uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuthungela, ngoba ingxube ye-air-fuel kuzo ivutha hhayi nge-spark, kodwa ngomoya oshisayo ngokucindezelwa. Uma imoto ifakwe motor nge mechanical system supply uphethiloli, khona-ke akukho lutho olunzima ukwedlula BK-06 ingafakwa ngenxa yokuntuleka ECU, futhi ulwazi mayelana nenani revolution ithathwa crankshaft isikhundla inzwa. .
Ikhompyutha esebhodini BK-06
Uma imoto ifakwe imibhobho elawulwa ngogesi, khona-ke noma iyiphi i-BC yendawo yonke izokwenza, nokho, ukuze ikhumbi ibonise ulwazi mayelana nokuhlola zonke izinhlelo zemoto, ikhethe imoto esebhodini ehambisana nale modeli.
isiphetho
Ungakwazi ukufaka ikhompyutha ebhodini hhayi kuphela ngomjovo wesimanje, kuhlanganise nezimoto zikadizili, kodwa futhi kumamodeli aphelelwe yisikhathi afakwe i-carburetor noma umjovo kaphethiloli ongumshini. Kodwa, i-minibus izoletha inzuzo enkulu uma uyifaka emotweni yesimanje enamayunithi okulawula ngogesi wezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene kanye nebhasi elilodwa lolwazi, isibonelo, i-CAN noma i-K-Line.
