UAZ 469: imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe - ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, injini
I-UAZ-469 iyi-SUV ifreyimu yasekhaya, eyadalwa ngokuyinhloko ngezidingo zeSoviet Army. Njengemoto yebutho elikhulu, wathatha indawo yenye imodeli eyaziwayo - i-GAZ-69.
Kuyathakazelisa ukufunda izincwadi mayelana nomlando wokudalwa kwe-UAZ-469: isidingo esisha, esithuthuke kakhulu kune-GAZ-69 SUV savela emuva ngawo-1950. Ngo-1960 kwadalwa prototypes yokuqala: UAZ-460 futhi UAZ-469. Lesi sakamuva sabonisa imiphumela ekholisayo ekuhlolweni okuhlukahlukene, ngakho-ke kwanqunywa ukuthi kufakwe ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi. Futhi lokhu ukukhiqizwa serial waqala kakade eminyakeni engu-12 kamuva - ngo-1972.
Kusukela ngo-1972, i-UAZ-469 iye yakhiqizwa kuze kube izikhathi zethu ngaphandle kokushintsha. Futhi kuphela ngo-2003, isizukulwane sesibili savela - UAZ "Hunter", ongafunda ngakho kuVodi.su autoportal yethu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaphandle azifani neze komunye nomunye, futhi ingaphakathi lendlu liphakamisa ukuthi le moto ayidalelwanga ukuhamba ngokunethezeka nokuphephile, kodwa ngenxa yezimo ezinzima zaseRussia.
Технические характеристики
Okokuqala, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi UAZ-469 futhi UAZ-3151 - onobuhle ezimbili ezifanayo. Kumane nje ukuthi inkomba entsha enamadijithi amane yaqala ukusetshenziswa ngemva kuka-1985 ngokuguqukela ezingeni lembonini lika-1966, esakhuluma ngalo esihlokweni mayelana nomthamo womthwalo wamaloli e-KAMAZ.
Kuyacaca ukuthi phakathi nomlando wayo weminyaka engu-40, i-UAZ iye yabhekana nezibuyekezo kanye nokuguqulwa kwezobuchwepheshe izikhathi eziningana, kodwa izici eziyinhloko ziye zahlala zingashintshile.
Injini
Ukusebenza kwenjini ye-UAZ-469 kwakungeyona into engcono kakhulu, ngisho nangalezo zikhathi. Kwakuyiyunithi ye-carburetor engu-451M. Umthamo wayo ubungu-2.4 amalitha. Amandla aphezulu kwakungamahhashi angama-75. Wasebenza kuphethiloli we-A-76 futhi wayekwazi ukusheshisa imoto engamathani angu-2 iye kumakhilomitha angu-120 ngehora, futhi ukusheshisa kumakhulu kuthathe imizuzwana engu-39. Futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngesivinini 90 km / h kwafinyelela amalitha angu-16 emjikelezweni ohlangene.
Ngo-1985, lapho imoto inikezwa inkomba entsha, yadlula kwezinye izibuyekezo.
Ikakhulukazi, injini entsha ye-UMZ-414 isibe ishesha futhi inamandla:
- uhlelo lomjovo olufakiwe - umjovo;
- umthamo wenyuka waba amalitha angu-2.7;
- amandla anda afinyelela ku-80 hp, bese eya ku-112 hp;
- isivinini esiphezulu - 130 km / h.
Ukudluliswa nokumiswa
UAZ-469 ifakwe elula mechanical 4-speed gearbox. Ama-synchronizer abekwigiya lesi-3 nelesi-4. Imoto yayinomshayeli ogcwele - ene-asi yangaphambili exhumeke ngokuqinile. Ngosizo lwekesi lokudluliswa kwebanga elingu-2, bekungenzeka ukulawula ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla lapho idrayivu yonke ivuliwe. Ikesi lokudlulisa lixhunywe ngokuqinile ku-gearbox ngaphandle kwe-cardan shaft ephakathi.
Enguqulweni yomphakathi yemoto - UAZ-469B - icala lokudlulisa lalinomshini owodwa, ngaphandle kokushayela kokugcina emabhulohweni, okungukuthi, i-patency yayibi kakhulu ngaphandle komgwaqo.
I-clutch nayo yayilula kakhulu - idrayivu yemishini, ubhasikidi we-clutch lever (kamuva wathathelwa indawo yi-petal), i-feredo disc, i-clutch bear - ngegama, uhlelo olomile olulula kakhulu. Nokho, ngemva kokuguqulwa ngo-1985 kwavela i-clutch hydraulic, okwakuyisinqumo esifanele se-jeep yasekhaya enzima kakhulu. (Nokho, abanikazi banenkinga entsha - ukuthengwa nokushintshwa kwamasilinda ayinhloko nasebenzayo).
Ukumiswa - kuncike. Ezinguqulweni zakamuva, kanye naku-Hunter, ama-anti-roll bar avele. Njengoba ukumiswa kwe-MacPherson akufanelekile ezimweni ezingekho emgwaqeni, ama-absorber shock entwasahlobo anezingalo ezilandelanayo afakwe ku-UAZ ngaphambili, neziphethu kanye nama-absorber hydropneumatic shock ngemuva.
Amapharamitha kanye nemvume yomhlabathi
Ngokuya ngosayizi, i-UAZ-469 ingena esigabeni samaSUV aphakathi nosayizi:
- ubude - 4025 mm;
- i-wheelbase - 2380;
- ububanzi - 1805;
- ukuphakama - 2015 millimeters.
Isisindo somgwaqo wemoto sasingu-1670-1770 kilogram, futhi sigcwele ngokugcwele - 2520 kg. I-UAZ yathatha amakhilogremu angama-675 womthwalo wokukhokha, ongeyena kangako, ngoba yayikwazi ukuhlalisa abantu abangu-5-7 (qaphela ukuthi i-SUV yayihloselwe ukuthutha izisebenzi zomyalo, futhi izisebenzi zomyalo azizange zihluke ngesisindo somzimba esiphansi).
Ukuphakama kwemvume yomhlabathi ye-UAZ-469 ifinyelele kumasentimitha angu-30, kanti izakhamuzi UAZ-469B - 22 amasentimitha.
Ngaphakathi nangaphandle
Imoto yayingaklanyelwe ukuzilibazisa okunethezekile phakathi nohambo, ngakho ingaphakathi alithokozi ngokubukeka kwayo. Kwanele ukusho ukuthi kuze kube ngu-1985 bezingekho izinto zokuvala amakhanda ezihlalweni zangaphambili noma ezingemuva. Iphaneli yangaphambili iyinsimbi. Izinsimbi zitholakala eduze kwephaneli, ngakho-ke bekufanele uphendule ikhanda lakho ukuze ufunde ukufundwa. I-speedometer itholakala cishe ngaphansi kwesondo lokuqondisa.
Awekho amabhokisi amagilavu ohlangothini lwabagibeli, ngaphandle kokuthi bekungenzeka ukufaka ikhithi yosizo lokuqala ngaphansi kwephaneli yangaphambili. Isibambo sensimbi kudeshibhodi sasisiza ukuhlala esihlalweni emagqumeni asemgwaqeni.
Umugqa wangemuva wezihlalo kwakuyibhentshi eliqinile elinengemuva, abagibeli abangu-3 bangangena kulo. Kwakungenzeka futhi ukufaka umugqa owengeziwe wezihlalo endaweni yemithwalo. Izihlalo zangemuva kwesinye isikhathi bezisuswa ngokuphelele ukuze kwandiswe indawo yangaphakathi nokuthwala impahla.
Sekusondele ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-90s, ingaphakathi lalivuselelwe kancane: iphaneli yangaphambili yensimbi yathathelwa indawo ngepulasitiki, izihlalo zekhanda zavela ezihlalweni. Izihlalo ngokwazo, esikhundleni se-leatherette, zaqala ukumbozwa ngendwangu emnandi yokuthinta.
Isiqongo setende sashintshwa ngophahla lwensimbi enguqulweni yabantu, okwathi ngemva kuka-1985 yaziwa ngokuthi i-UAZ-31512.
Amanani nezibuyekezo
I-UAZ-469 yakhiqizwa kuzo zonke izinguquko zayo kuze kube ngu-2003. Ngo-2010, kwakhululwa iqoqo elilinganiselwe lokugubha iminyaka engu-65 yokunqoba. Ngakho ngeke uthenge imoto entsha ku-cabin.
Futhi ezintengo ezisetshenzisiwe kuzoba cishe okulandelayo:
- Iminyaka engu-1980-1990 yokukhululwa - 30-150 ayizinkulungwane (kuye ngokuthi isimo);
- 1990-2000 - 100-200 izinkulungwane;
- 2000s - kufika ku-350 ayizinkulungwane.
Kuyacaca ukuthi ungathola izinketho ezibiza kakhulu ngisho naku-70s yokukhiqiza. Yiqiniso, abanikazi batshale imali eningi ekushuneni.
Izibuyekezo ngale moto zingatholakala ezahlukene.
U-Hans wase-Kostroma uyabhala:
“Ngathenga i-UAZ esebenzile, ngatshala imali eningi. Izinzuzo: ikhono lokuwela izwe, i-awning ingasuswa, ngimisa esiteshini sikaphethiloli nganoma yiluphi uhlangothi, akusiyo isihawu uma uthola ingozi encane.
Ukungalungi: i-zero comfort, iminyango yangaphambili ivuza emvuleni, awekho nhlobo amandla, ngemuva kokuthi imoto yomgibeli ithatha isikhathi eside ukuyijwayela, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuyahlanya.
UVladimir, Volgograd:
“Ngingumzingeli nomdobi, ngathenga i-UAZ 88, kwadingeka ngisebenze ngitshale imali. I-UAZ “izokwenza” noma iyiphi imoto yangaphandle emigwaqweni yethu ephukile, futhi emigwaqweni engahambeki izonikeza amaHammers namaLand Cruiser amathuba okuba nzima. Ungathola amaphutha kunoma iyiphi imoto, kodwa i-UAZ ingadonsa i-trailer engu-850 kg futhi iphume exhaphozini, ngakho konke kungifanela.
Valentine kusukela Syzran:
“Imoto yomuntu osafunda esikoleni, uma uthanda ukulala ngaphansi kwayo usuku lonke ngemva kohambo ngalunye, ungayithenga - ngizoyithengisa ngezinkulungwane eziyi-100, kanye nenjoloba enegama elithi Medved namadiski abanzi exhaphozi. Imoto ayinazo izinto zikagesi, i-air conditioning, isitofu asilawulwa. Okuwukuphela kwama-pluses yi-patency kanye nokugcinwa.
Yebo, kunenqwaba yalolu hlobo lokubuyekezwa, empeleni, ithimba leVodi.su lizoqinisekisa ukuthi i-UAZ iyimoto enzima, inokumiswa okunamandla, ungakwazi ukushayela emgwaqeni owubhuqu kanye nomgwaqo jikelele. , kodwa edolobheni ukusetshenziswa kusezingeni lika-16-17 amalitha kakhulu. Emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, ayikwazi ukuqhathaniswa nezinye izimoto - kumane kuyingozi ukushayela ngesivinini esingaphezu kuka-90 km / h. Imoto eyimfundamakhwela.
Iyalayisha...
