Ukudonsa noma amandla okushayela: umehluko kanye nezinzuzo

Izitshalo zokudonsa namandla ziyizinhlobo ezimbili zokudlulisa. Amasondo emoto edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili ngawangaphambili, kuthi awemoto edonsa ngemuva kube ngawo angemuva. Izimoto eziningi ezithwala abantu zihamba ngamasondo angaphambili ngoba lokhu kushintshwa kuphephile futhi kuyalawuleka.

🚗 Iyini imoto ehamba ngamasondo angaphambili?

La phonsa imoto ingenye ye Ukudluliswa imoto. I-transmission isethi yezingxenye zemoto ezidlulisela amandla okujikeleza enjini emasondweni okushayela emoto. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokudlulisela:

• Ukudlulisela phambili, noma ukudonsa ;
• I-transmission yangemuva noma idrayivu yamasondo angemuva ;
• I-AWD.

Uma imoto inogesi ngaphambili, okungukuthi, ukudonsa, amandla enjini adlulela emasondweni angaphambili kuphela, okungamasondo ayo amabili okushayela. Yibo labo ukudubula imoto phambili, yingakho igama elithi traction. Kwesinye isikhathi sikhuluma nge-front-wheel drive, lokhu kungu-pleonasm.

Izimoto eziningi ezikhiqiza izimoto zesimanje zidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili, eyesibili ilawulwa yiCitroën. Kulokhu, isondo ngalinye kulawa amabili okushayela liyashayelwa ukudluliswa kwe-half shafts.

I-Traction inikeza ukuphepha okungcono kwamakhona, kodwa inobubi bokuphoqa ingemuva elingaphambili ukuthi lihlanganise ukudonsa, isiteringi kanye nokumanzisa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili zinenkinga yokujikeleza ngamasondo angaphambili uma igiya liphansi kakhulu.

Kodwa ngaphandle kokuphepha, ukudonsa kunezinye izinzuzo:

• Ivumela dla kancane carburant ;
• yena kuthatha indawo encane futhi ngaleyo ndlela ayikhulule endaweni yabagibeli;
• Ubuye asikisele ukuphepha okwengeziwe eqhweni noma eqhweni.

Okokugcina, khumbula ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokucushwa kwe-thrust:

• Gearboxes lapho iqembu izinjini perpendicular eksisi injini: sikhuluma ukudluliswa kwe-longitudinal ;
• Labo abaneqembu lezimoto kulokhu bahambisana ne-motor axis: bese sikhuluma ngayo ukudluliswa okuphambene.

🚘 Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-thrust nokunyakaza?

Uma imoto ine-transmission ngemuva, sikhuluma ngayo i-Power Point : amasondo okushayela ngamasondo angemuva, futhi yiwo khuthaza imoto phambili. Kulokhu, amasondo angaphambili emoto engemuva asetshenziselwa ukuqondisa kuphela.

Njengoba kubhekwa njengokuvikeleke kancane, uhlelo lokushayela lusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni ezinzima ezidinga amandla engeziwe, njengezimoto ezinkulu zikanokusho noma amaveni. Kukhona nezimoto ezidonsa ngamasondo angemuva nezimoto ezikwazi ukudonsa kangcono ngesivinini esiphezulu.

Njenge-thrust, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokucushwa kwe-powerplant:

• Injini itholakala phambi kwe-axle yamasondo okushayela: ke sikhuluma ngayo injini emaphakathi ngoba itholakala cishe phakathi nemoto, okwenza ilinganisele futhi ilawuleke. Kodwa-ke, ingaphakathi lincane, ngakho-ke lokhu kulungiselelwa kulungele ikakhulukazi izimoto zokugijima.
• Injini ingemuva: sikhuluma futhi ukucushwa kwe-console... I-asi yangemuva iyasinda, okwenza ukushayela kube bucayi futhi kube yingozi, ikakhulukazi emigwaqweni eshelelayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusheshisa kusebenza kahle kakhulu ngoba amandla okushayela makhulu.
• Injini ingaphambili: amasondo okushayela angemuva, kodwa hhayi injini, futhi ithubhu yokudlulisela idlulisela amandla ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye. Ukushayela kuphephe kakhudlwana kunenjini yangemuva futhi ikhabethe likhulu kunenjini ephakathi nendawo, kodwa imoto ihlala ishelela, ikakhulukazi ebusika.

Ngakho-ke, okubi okuyinhloko kwesikhungo samandla ukuphepha: ngempela, ukushayela emgwaqeni omanzi noma oneqhwa akuphephile kangako, imoto ayizinzile uma ijika ekhoneni, futhi ingozi yokushelela noma ukushwibeka iphakeme kunesondo langaphambili. shayela imoto.

Ngakho-ke, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-propulsion ne-thrust ukuthi ziyizinhlobo ezihluke ngokuphelele ze-powertrain. Ngokudonsa ngamasondo angemuva, amasondo okushayela atholakala ngemuva, kanti emotweni edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili, atholakala ngaphambili.

Ukudonsa kwenza imoto isheshe kakhulu futhi iphephe kakhudlwana, ibambe kangcono futhi ibambe emigwaqweni eshelelayo, emanzi noma eneqhwa. I-back-wheel drive ijwayele ukuba nokuslayida nokuphotha okuningi, okungenzi kube yisitimela esilungele ukukhiqiza kanye nezimoto zansuku zonke.

🔍 Ungakhetha kanjani i-traction ne-thrust?

Izinhlobo ezimbili zokudlulisa, ukudonsa namandla, zinezinzuzo zazo kanye nokubi. Azifanele ikakhulukazi izimoto ezifanayo. Ngakho-ke, i-traction isetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi zabagibeli, kuyilapho ukuhanjiswa kwamasondo angemuva kusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zomjaho noma ezimotweni ezinzima njengamaloli.

Nazi izinzuzo nezinkinga ezifanele zokudonsa nokunyakaza:

Okokugcina, qaphela ukuthi izimoto ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili ngokuvamile azivamile ukuphuka njengoba zidinga izingxenye ezimbalwa zemishini. Kodwa uma injini inamandla kakhulu, ukunyakaza kuyathandeka ngenxa yamandla amakhulu okufanele adalwe injini. iqhwa ngokunwebeka.

Manje usuwazi konke mayelana ne-traction ne-powertrain, kanye nokwehluka! Njengoba ungacabanga, lawa ma-transmission amabili anezinzuzo kanye nokubi okuchaza ukusetshenziswa kwawo okuhluke kakhulu: imoto yakho nakanjani idonsa ngamasondo angaphambili, kodwa idrayivu engemuva ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zomjaho.