Injini ye-Troit ZAZ Forza

I-ZAZ Forza subcompact hatchback ifakwe ilitha elilodwa nesigamu lamandla kaphethiloli we-ACTECO SQR477F, amandla ayo angu-109 hp. I-cylinder ngayinye yayo inama-valve angu-4. Ama-elekthronikhi alawula umjovo osabalalisiwe kaphethiloli kumasilinda kanye nokuthungela. Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi isebenzisa i-camshaft eyodwa enamakhamera angu-12. Ipheya ngalinye lamavalvu okukhipha umoya avuleka ngekhamera eyodwa, kuyilapho amavalvu okungenisa anekhamera ehlukile yevalvu ngayinye.

Двигатель SQR477F имеет неплохие характеристики мощности, динамики и экономичности. Он достаточно надежен, его номинальный ресурс до капитального ремонта составляет 300 тысяч километров пробега. Мотор обладает хорошей ремонтопригодностью, а с для него нет проблем. Не случайно данный агрегат оказался весьма востребованным, его можно встретить и на многих других автомобилях. 

Naphezu kokuthembeka, injini ingahluleka ngezinye izikhathi, i-troit, i-stall. Ngokulungiswa okufanele, umonakalo omkhulu ku-SQR477F motor ngokwayo akuvamile. Ngokuvamile, izimbangela zokusebenza okungazinzile zilele ohlelweni lokuthungela, ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli noma izinzwa ezinephutha.

Ukubonakala kokuphindwe kathathu kudinga impendulo esheshayo. Uma kungenjalo, inkinga ingase ithuthuke ngokuqhubekayo. Umonakalo ungatholwa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zeqembu le-cylinder-piston. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngenxa yalokho, kuzodingeka ukulungiswa kabusha kwenjini. 

Ihamba kanjani injini

Inkinga enjinini isho ukuthi kwelinye lamasilinda inqubo yokushiswa kwengxube yamafutha omoya yenzeka ngendlela engavamile. Ngamanye amazwi, ingxube isha kancane kancane noma akukho nhlobo ukuthungela. Esimweni sokugcina, isilinda icishiwe ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni kwenjini.

Ngokwemvelo, uphawu lokuqala futhi oluphawuleka kakhulu lokuphinda kathathu ukwehla kwamandla.

Olunye uphawu olusobala ukwanda okuphawulekayo kokudlidliza kwenjini. Nakuba injini ingazamazama ngenxa yezinye izizathu, isibonelo, ngenxa yokugqoka, okuyinto engavamile kakhulu kuyunithi ye-ZAZ Forza.

Imvamisa, ama-pops avela kupayipi lokukhipha umoya. Imisindo enjalo ihlale ibonisa izinkinga ngenjini, kodwa uma i-pops ifana, khona-ke ukusebenza okujwayelekile komunye wamasilinda kuphazamiseka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhubeka kuvame ukudala izinkinga ngokuqala injini ebandayo.

Umlingani ophindwe kathathu ubuye abe ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. 

Injini ingazulazula ngazo zonke izindlela noma iyodwa, njalo noma ngezikhathi ezithile.

Yini futhi kanjani ukuhlola uma ZAZ Forza injini troit

Ngokuvamile, ukusebenza kwelinye lamasilinda kuphazamiseka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokuthungela. Ingase ingalungiswa, kusenesikhathi noma sekwephuze kakhulu, inhlansi ingase ibe buthakathaka noma ingabibikho ngokuphelele.

Amakhandlela

Kufanelekile ukuqala ngesheke, uma nje ngoba kulula kakhulu ukukwenza. Qinisekisa ukuthi ama-electrode awabonisi ukugqoka okuphawulekayo, i-insulator akufanele yonakaliswe, nokuthi umbala wayo unombala ojwayelekile onsundu, ophuzi noma ompunga. Ipulaki yenhlansi emanzi, emnyama kufanele ishintshwe ngokushesha. 

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuphindaphinda kathathu kubangelwa umule ekhandlelani. Kulokhu, ukuhlanza isihlukanisi kungase kuxazulule inkinga. 

Ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwekhandlela kuzobonisa imbangela engenzeka yokusebenza okungazinzile kwemoto.

Umsizi ku-insulator ubonisa ingxube ecebile. Hlola isimo sesihlungi somoya. Ukwengeza, ukucindezela okuphelele kanye nenzwa yokushisa komoya kungase kungasebenzi kahle, ngokusekelwe kudatha yayo, i-ECU inquma isikhathi sokuthungela kanye nobude be-pulse yokuvula i-injector. Inzwa itholakala ku-multifold intake.

Amadiphozithi abomvu ngokuvamile abangelwa uphethiloli wezinga eliphansi. Bangabangela i-electrode ephakathi ukuthi ibe mfushane ukuya endlini, okubangela ukungasebenzi kahle.

I-Beige crust ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nophethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi. Ukwakheka kwayo kusiza ukungena kwamafutha ekamelweni elivuthayo. Hlola bese ufaka esikhundleni se-valve stem seal kumhlahlandlela we-valve.

Uma kunemikhondo ecacile yamafutha ekhandlela, lokhu kubonisa ukungena okuphawulekayo kwamafutha ekamelweni elivuthayo. Kulesi simo, ukulungiswa kweqembu le-piston noma ikhanda le-cylinder likhanya.

Imojula yokushisa

Lo mhlangano utholakala ohlangothini lwekhava yekhanda yesilinda ohlangothini lokudlulisela. Ikhiqiza i-voltage engu-34 kV, esetshenziselwa ukwakha inhlansi phakathi kwama-electrode e-spark plug. Isici semojula ye-ZAZ Forza ignition ukuthi iqukethe ama-windings amabili ayisisekelo namabili, axhunywe ngokushintshana futhi aqala ukukhahlela emakhandlela amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa.

A - ucingo oluvamile (umhlabathi) we-primary winding No. 1, umbala wentambo ubomvu ngomugqa omhlophe, oxhunywe kothintana naye we-E01 ECU;

B - +12 V ukunikezwa kwama-windings ayisisekelo;

C - ucingo oluvamile (umhlabathi) we-primary winding No. 2, umbala wezintambo umhlophe, uxhunywe kothintana naye we-E17 ECU;

D - izintambo eziphezulu ze-voltage.

Ukumelana nama-windings okuqala kufanele kube ngu-0,5 ± 0,05 ohms. 

Susa izintambo ze-high-voltage emakhandlelani we-1st kanye ne-4th cylinders futhi ulinganise ukumelana kwama-windings wesibili. Kufanele ibe kububanzi obungu-8,8 ... 10,8 kOhm.

Uma kungenzeka, futhi ulinganise inductance of the windings. Kweziyinhloko, imvamisa ingu-2,75 ± 0,25 mH, kweyesibili ingu-17,5 ± 1,2 mH.

Izintambo zikagesi eziphakeme nazo zidinga ukuhlolwa. Isimo se-insulation yabo kanye namatheminali akufanele singabazeki, ngaphandle kwalokho buyisela izintambo futhi uhlole ukusebenza kwenjini. Kukhona indlela yokuhlola izintambo ebumnyameni - uma zivutha endaweni ethile lapho injini isebenza, khona-ke i-voltage ngeke ifinyelele emakhandlela.

Nozzles

Lena into elandelayo okufanele uyihlole. Akuvamile ukuthi ama-injection avale, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa uphethiloli ongcolile futhi ukhohlwe ukushintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli njalo. Uma umjovo ovalekile unecala, inkinga ivame ukubonakala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusheshisa.

Uma i-atomizer idinga ukuhlanzwa, lokhu kungenziwa nge-solvent noma i-carburetor cleaner. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-nozzle kufanele ifakwe ngokuphelele ku-cleaner, ukuze ingabangeli umonakalo engxenyeni kagesi. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozokwazi ukuhlanza kahle i-nozzle sprayer, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuxhumana nesiteshi sesevisi nale nkinga.

Izintambo ezimbili zifanele isixhumi se-injector - isignali evela kothintana naye we-E63 ECU namandla + 12 V. Nqamula i-chip futhi ulinganise ukuphikiswa kokuqina koxhumana nabo be-injector, kufanele kube ngu-11 ... 16 Ohm.

Ungakwenza kube lula nakakhulu - shintsha umlomo osolisayo ngomunye osebenzayo owaziwayo futhi ubone ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko.

Ukwephulwa kokwakheka kwengxube ye-air-fuel

Kungase kunikezwe umoya omningi noma omncane kakhulu kumasilinda. Kuzo zombili izimo, ukushiswa kwengxube ngeke kube okujwayelekile, noma ngeke kushise nhlobo.

Imbangela yokushoda komoya imvamisa isihlungi somoya esivalekile, kancane kancane - ukungcola ku-throttle. Zombili izinkinga zilungiswa kalula.

Сложнее найти и устранить причину избытка воздуха в смеси. Здесь возможно нарушение герметичности воздуховода впускного коллектора, прокладки ГБЦ или других уплотнителей. Замена прокладки — дело довольно хлопотное, но если уверены в своих силах, можете приобрести для ЗАЗ Форза и поменять самостоятельно.

Ukucindezelwa okwehlisiwe

Uma ukuseshwa kwezimbangela zokuphindaphindeka kathathu kungaphumelelanga, kuhlala kunjalo. Ukucindezelwa okulinganiselwe ku-cylinder ehlukile kungenzeka ngenxa yamasongo e-piston ashisiwe noma awonakele, kanye nangenxa yokulingana okuxekethile kwama-valve ezihlalweni. futhi akukhishiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi kungenzeka ukusindisa isimo ngokuhlanza isilinda kusuka ku-soot. Kodwa, njengomthetho, ukucindezela okuncishisiwe kuholela ekulungiseni okunzima kweyunithi yamandla.

Hhayi-ke, uma konke kuhlelekile ngokucindezela, kodwa ukuphindaphinda kathathu kusekhona, singacabanga ukuthi kukhona amaphutha ekusebenzeni kwesistimu yokulawula injini, kuhlanganise nezinzwa eziningi nama-actuator. Lapha akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzokwazi ukubhekana nakho ngokwakho, uzodinga ukuxilongwa kwekhompyutha kanye nosizo lochwepheshe.