Iziqalisi ezintathu ezintsha zamaShayina

Iziqalisi ezintathu ezintsha zamaShayina

Ngo-September 19, 2015 ngo-23:01:14,331:20 UTC (e-China kakade kwase kungu-September 07, 01:14:6), imoto yokwethulwa kwe-Chang Zheng yethulwa kusiqalisi esisha sesakhiwo seshumi nesithupha sokwethulwa kwe-Taiyuan Space. Isikhungo. (IsiFundazwe saseShanxi) 1 enenombolo yomkhiqizo u-Y05. Ukwethulwa bekunekhodi yangaphakathi “ukusebenza 48-529. Imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu ngemva kokusuka, isigaba sokugcina serokhethi sizungeza uMhlaba. Kwakuhambisana nokuhamba kweLanga futhi kwakunemingcele elandelayo: perigee - 552 km, apogee - 97,46 km, inclination - 915. Phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-989 no-XNUMX wokundiza, ama-satellite ayishumi anqanyuliwe ku-adaptha efakwe esigabeni sesithathu. Ezine zazo, phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ezalandela, zaqala ukukhulula ama-sub-satellites emathunjini abo, inani lawo elingaziwa kahle futhi lisukela kweziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi. Kuvelaphi lokhu kungaqiniseki?

Hhayi-ke, amaShayina awakalushicileli uhlu olusemthethweni lwamasathelayithi ethuliwe futhi imininingwane itholakala emithonjeni ehlukahlukene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinkampani noma amanyuvesi akha la masathelayithi (eyisishiyagalombili neshumi nambili ngokulandelana), izilinganiso ezivela ku-US Network for Observing Objects in Orbit (NORAD), kanye nobunikazi obubhalisiwe beziteshi zomsakazo ezisafunda ezifakwe cishe uhhafu, i.e. ngamaphuzu ayisishiyagalolunye aphakeme. enentshisekelo. Imithombo eminingi iyavuma ukuthi isamba sezimpahla ezingamashumi amabili zathathwa (ezimbili zazo, ngokusobala, ngenjongo yazo, azikahlukanisiwe nezinye), zokuhlola nobuchwepheshe. Isisindo sazo sasisukela ku-0,1 kg kuya ku-130 kg, ngakho-ke ayengahlukaniswa ngokwemibandela njengama-pico-, nano-, micro- kanye namasathelayithi amancane. Ubuncane bokuqala bekulokhu futhi buhlala bubunzima obukhulu kakhulu ekubonweni nasekukhonjweni kwabo. Uhlu lomthwalo ongekho emthethweni luhlanganisa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

1. Xinyang-2 (XY-2, Kaituo-2)

2. I-Žeda Pixing 2A

3. Zeda Pixing 2B

4. I-Tiantuo-3 (TT-3, Luliang-1)

5. XW-2А

6. XW-2B

7. XW-2С

8. XW-2Д

9. XW-2E, inqanyuliwe ku-5.

10. XW-2F, inqanyuliwe ku-5.

11. I-DCBB (Kaituo-1B), umlilo 1.

12. LilacSat-2

13. I-NUDT-PhoneSat, inqanyuliwe ku-4.

14. I-Nasin-2 (NS-2)

15. I-Zijing-1 (ZJ-1), ihlukaniswe ne-14.

16. I-Kongjian Shiyan 1 (KJSY-1), ikhiqizwe ngomhla ka-14.

17. I-Xingchen-1, ihlukanisiwe ku-4.

18. I-Xingchen-2, ihlukanisiwe ku-4.

19. I-Xingchen-3, ihlukanisiwe ku-4.

20. I-Xingchen-4, ihlukanisiwe ku-4.

Sekuyisikhathi sokwethula i-rocket yasemkhathini evela e-China. I-Chang Zheng-6 (Long March) eyethulwa ngesisindo esilula yemoto esebenzisa igama lofuzo lomndeni wamarokhethi aseShayina, ngokuhambisana nesiko leminyaka engu-45, kodwa ingeyesizukulwane esisha ngokuphelele. Izindiza ezintathu - CZ-5, CZ-6 kanye ne-CZ-7, kusukela ngonyaka ozayo, zizoba yisisekelo sohlelo lwesikhala saleli zwe elinamandla lase-Asia.

Le micibisholo izoba ngeya:

□ ikilasi esindayo (umthamo ophethe ku-LEO, eduze-Earth orbit amathani angu-18-25, ku-GTO, ukushintshela ku-geostationary orbit amathani angu-6-14, kuye ngokuthi inguqulo);

□ ikilasi elikhanyayo (umthamo 1500 kg ku-LEO, ku-SSO, 1080 kg ngokuhambisana nokuhamba kweLanga);

□ isigaba esiphakathi (umthamo wokuthwala we-LEO 18-25 t, we-GTO 1,5-6 t kuye ngokuguqulwa).

Le miklamo izohluka ngokuyisisekelo emigqeni yangaphambili yemishini ecitshwayo ukusuka ku-CZ-1 kuya ku-CZ-4. Umehluko wokuqala wekhadinali uzoba yi-modularity yabo hhayi kuphela ngaphakathi komugqa, kodwa ngaphakathi komndeni wonke. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukulungisa umthamo wokuthwala rocket kuye ngezidingo, usebenzisa hhayi ishumi nambili noma izigaba ezimbili ezahlukene futhi cishe inani elifanayo izinjini, kodwa amamojula amahlanu kuphela obumbene ifakwe izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela izinjini. Okunye ukuphumelela kuzoba ukushintshwa kwepheya ekhona kaphethiloli/i-oxidizer (i-nitrogen tetroxide ne-asymmetric dimethylhydrazine), esenesikhathi eside igcinwe kodwa inobuthi ngokwedlulele, enamapheya amabili kaphalafini/uketshezi oluwuketshezi oluhambisana nemvelo, noma ipheya ye-cryogenic liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen.

Isidingo serokhethi ekhanyayo savela ngenxa yempumelelo yezobuchwepheshe emkhakheni we-electro-optics. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, amasathelayithi amaningi okuzwa okukude noma okuqaphela kabusha (ahluke komunye nomunye ikakhulukazi kumsebenzisi wokugcina, kodwa hhayi ngomklamo noma ngobuningi) aqaliswe emigudwini ye-heliosynchronous kusetshenziswa amarokhethi e-CZ-2 kanye ne-CZ-4, anomthwalo okhokhelwayo. umthamo we-1,5 rev.

Njengamanje, ama-satellites alolu hlobo anesisindo esingeqile ku-500 kg, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo anezici ezingcono kakhulu ngokulungiswa kwesithombe. Izibikezelo zibonisa ukuthi isabelo samasathelayithi akhanyayo emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe ezwa kude sizoqhubeka sikhula, okwenze imicibisholo yaseShayina esetshenziswe kuze kube manje ingabi namandla okuncintisana ngokomnotho.