Amafutha okudlulisa we-Kama Automobile Plant

Amafutha egiya akhiqizwa ngokuhambisana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe ze-GOST 17479.2-85 aqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwawo wonke amayunithi okuhambisa izimoto. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zamafutha anjalo, indawo ebalulekile ingekawoyela we-TSP-15k (TM-3-18), osetshenziswa kuma-gearbox ezimoto ezihambisa i-torque ebalulekile. Lezi ikakhulukazi izimoto ezisindayo nama-trailer.

Izici

Izinto eziyinhloko ezinquma izimo zokusebenza zokudluliswa kwemishini yezimoto yilezi:

1. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ezindaweni zokuthintana.
2. Imibhangqwana ebalulekile enokusabalalisa okungalingani kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
3. Umswakama ophezulu kanye nokungcola.
4. Shintsha i-viscosity kawoyela esetshenzisiwe ngezikhathi zokungasebenzi.

Ngalesi sisekelo, uwoyela wokudlulisa we-TSP-15k wathuthukiswa, osebenza kahle ngokudluliswa kwemishini, lapho izingcindezi zokuxhumana kuyizinhlobo ezihamba phambili. Ukucacisa uhlobo: T - transmission, C - lubricating, P - yokuthutha ngemoto, 15 - viscosity okuzisholo e-cSt, K - yezimoto zomndeni wakwa-KAMAZ.

Amafutha egiya aqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: i-base oil kanye nezithasiselo. Izithasiselo zinikeza izici ezifiselekayo futhi zicindezela ezingafuneki. Iphakheji elengeziwe liyisisekelo sokusebenza kokugcoba, futhi isisekelo esiqinile sinikeza umshayeli ukusebenza kwenjini okudingekayo, kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-torque ngenxa yokungqubuzana nokuvikela izindawo zokuxhumana.

Izici zesici samafutha e-TSP-15, kanye nezinye izinto zokugcoba zalesi sigaba (isibonelo, i-TSP-10), zibhekwa njengokwanda kokuqina kokushisa nokumelana ne-oxidation emazingeni okushisa aphakeme. Lokhu kuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-sludge yezinto eziqinile noma itiyela, imikhiqizo eyingozi engenakugwemeka yokushisa okuphezulu kwe-oxidation. Lawa mathuba ancike ekushiseni kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha egiya. Ngakho-ke, njalo ngo-100 ° C ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lokugcoba kuya ku-60 ° C, izinqubo ze-oxidation ziqina cishe kabili, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

Isici sesibili sesici samafutha okudlulisa i-TSP-15k yikhono lokumelana nemithwalo ephakeme enamandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, amazinyo amagiya asezinhlelweni zamagiya avimbela othintana nabo ukuthi bangaqhubi. Akunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni ezine-automatic transmission.

Isicelo

Uma usebenzisa i-TSP-15k lubricant, umshayeli kufanele aqaphele ukuthi uwoyela unamandla okukhipha amandla, ikhono lokususa umswakama owedlulele ngokuhlukanisa izingqimba zezingxenye ezingenakulinganiswa. Umehluko wokuminyana uvumela uwoyela wegiya ukuthi akhiphe ngempumelelo amanzi ku-gearbox. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi amafutha anjalo akhishwa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi avuselelwe.

Ngokwesigaba samazwe ngamazwe i-TSP-15k ingeyamafutha eqembu le-API GL-4, adingekayo ukuze asetshenziswe ekuthuthweni kwezimoto ezisindayo. Amafutha anjalo avumela izikhawu ezinde phakathi kokugcinwa kwesimiso, kodwa kuphela ngokunamathela ngokuqinile ekubunjweni. Futhi, lapho ushintsha noma uqapha isimo samafutha, kuyadingeka ukuqapha izinguquko kwinombolo ye-asidi, enquma ikhono le-oxidizing ye-lubricant.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuthatha okungenani u-100 mm3 wamafutha asevele asetshenziswe kancane bese uhlola ngamaconsi ambalwa e-potassium hydroxide KOH encibilike ku-85% ye-ethanol enamanzi. Uma amafutha okuqala ane-viscosity ephakeme, kufanele ashiswe ku-50 ... 600C. Okulandelayo, ingxube kumele ibiliswe imizuzu emi-5. Uma ngemva kokubilisa igcina umbala wayo futhi ingabi namafu, inombolo ye-asidi yento yokuqala ayishintshile futhi amafutha afanele ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo. Uma kungenjalo, ikhambi lithola i-tint eluhlaza; lamafutha adinga ukushintshwa.

Свойства

Izici zokusebenza zamafutha okudlulisa i-TSP-15k:

• i-viscosity, i-cSt, ekushiseni kwe-40 ° C - 135;
• i-viscosity, i-cSt, ekushiseni kwe-100 ° C - 14,5;
• uthele iphuzu, ºС, hhayi ngaphezulu kuka -6;
• iphoyinti elikhanyayo, ºС - 240…260;
• ukuminyana ku-15 ° С, kg/m3 — 890…910.

Ngokusetshenziswa okuvamile, umkhiqizo akufanele uqede izimpawu kanye nama-gaskets futhi akufanele ube nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwamapulaki etiyela. Amafutha kufanele abe umbala ofanayo wotshani-ophuzi futhi akhanye ekukhanyeni. Ukuhlolwa kokugqwala kungakapheli amahora ama-3 kufanele kube negethivu. Ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, umkhiqizo akufanele usetshenziswe kabi.

Lapho ulahla uwoyela wegiya we-TSP-15k, kubalulekile ukukhumbula mayelana nokuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.

Ama-analogue angaphandle aseduze kakhulu amafutha e-Mobilube GX 80W-90 avela kwa-ExxonMobil, kanye ne-Spirax EP90 yakwaShell. Esikhundleni se-TSP-15, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa amanye ama-lubricant, izici ezihambisana nemibandela ye-TM-3 ne-GL-4.

Intengo yamanje ye-lubricant okukhulunywa ngayo, ngokuya ngesifunda sokuthengisa, isukela kuma-ruble angama-1900 kuye kwangama-2800 esitsheni esingamalitha angama-20.