Amazwe ayi-10 aphezulu anokuntuleka kwamanzi amaningi emhlabeni

Amanzi ayimpahla ebalulekile ekuphileni komuntu. Ukushoda kwamanzi noma izinkinga zamanzi zishintsha izandla. Lapho ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ahlanzekile kukhula uma kuqhathaniswa nemithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile, kugadla inhlekelele. Ukuphathwa kabi nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi yisona sizathu esikhulu esenza noma yiliphi izwe libhekane nokushoda kwamanzi.

Nakuba izinhlelo eziningi zokongiwa kwamanzi zisaqhubeka, kunamazwe ambalwa lapho ukushoda kanye nezinkinga kungabonakali kubambezeleke. Ake sithole umbono ngala mazwe nezizathu ezenza abhekane nalesi simo kulesi sikhathi samanje. Ngezansi kunamazwe ayi-10 anokuntuleka kwamanzi amaningi emhlabeni ngo-2022.

10. Afghanistan

Yizwe elinabantu abakhula ngesivinini esishaqisayo. Yingakho izinkinga zamanzi zigcwele lapha. Kubikwa ukuthi u-13% kuphela wamanzi ahlanzekile atholakalayo ukuze asetshenziswe izakhamuzi zakuleli. Okunye kungamanzi angcolile nangcolile okumele abantu bathembele kuwo. Izingxenye eziningi zezwe zikhahlamezeke kakhulu ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi. Ukushoda kwesakhiwo nokunganaki phakathi kwabantu kanye nezinga eliphezulu labantu kungasolwa ngezinga elithile ngembangela yalokhu. Ukuntuleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile yisona sizathu esikhulu esenza abantu base-Afghanistan nabo bahlupheke ngenxa yezinkinga eziningi zempilo.

9. Ethiopia

Nakuba amazwe amaningi ezwenikazi lase-Afrika ebhekene nokushoda kwamanzi kakhulu, i-Ethiopia iyizwe lapho ubunzima buphezulu kakhulu. Ukuze kugcinwe inani labantu nempilo yabantu bayo, i-Ethiopia idinga kakhulu amanzi ahlanzekile nahlanzekile. Bangu-42% kuphela abantu okubikwa ukuthi bathole amanzi ahlanzekile, abanye bathembele kuphela emanzini agciniwe nangcolile. Izinga eliphezulu lokufa kwabantu ezweni lingachazwa ngokwezinga elithile ngokuba khona kwamanzi angahlanzekile ezindaweni eziningi zezwe. Abesifazane kanye nezingane kubikwa ukuthi bahlushwa izifo eziningi kanye nezinkinga zempilo ngenxa yalokhu. Abesifazane bahamba amabanga amade beyolethela imindeni yabo amanzi.

8. Intuthu

Njengoba isePhondweni lase-Afrika, iChad ayihlushwa nje kuphela ukuntuleka kwamanzi, kodwa futhi nokuntuleka kokudla. Ihlaselwe kanzima yizimo ezomile, izwe lithambekele ezinkingeni ezinjalo izikhathi eziningi ngonyaka. Isizathu sokuthi kungani izingane zingondlekile futhi ngokushesha zigula ngezifo ezinzima nezibulalayo kungase kube ngenxa yezimo zezulu ezibangela izimo ezifana nesomiso nendlala futhi ngaleyo ndlela zithinte impilo. Ngisho nabesifazane namadoda abazange basindiswe emiphumeleni emibi yalokhu. Amanzi angcolile nangcolile ababangela izifo eziningi. Amazwe azungezile anjengeNiger neBurkina Faso nawo athinteka, kanjalo neChad.

7. ECambodia

Kuyadabukisa ukuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-84 abantu baseCambodia abawatholi amanzi ahlanzekile nahlanzekile. Ngokuvamile bathembele emanzini emvula kanye nesitoreji sawo. Amanzi angahlanzekile awukuphela kwekhambi elicima ukoma ngokuphindaphindiwe ezindaweni ezimaphakathi nezwe. Akumangazi ukuthi lokhu kuyisimemo esivulekile senani elikhulu lezifo nezifo. Nakuba umfula omkhulu iMekong unqamula ezweni, akwanele ukuba abantu bahlangabezane nezimfuneko. Kunoma ikuphi, umfula wahlupheka phakathi nenkathi yemvula, lapho amanzi emvula ekhona kakade ukuze asekele ukuphila.

6. Laos

Nakuba ingxenye enkulu yoMfula iMekong idlula eLaos, kodwa ngenxa yokuncipha kwezinga lamanzi emfuleni muva nje, leli zwe kuye kwadingeka libhekane nezinkinga ezinkulu zamanzi. Njengoba iningi labantu, elilinganiselwa ku-80%, lincike kwezolimo nendlela yokuziphilisa, ukuntuleka kwamanzi emfuleni kubathinta kabi kakhulu. Lo mfula futhi uwumthombo wabo oyinhloko wezokuthutha, ukukhiqiza ugesi ezweni, nokukhiqizwa kokudla. Kodwa ukwehla kwezinga lamanzi emfuleni sekuholele ezimweni eziningi ezibucayi ezithiya intuthuko yezwe kanye nenani labantu balo lilonke.

5. EHaiti

Ngokwezibalo nemibiko eyahlukene, iHaiti njengamanje ingelinye lamazwe ahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yenkinga yamanzi. Cishe amaphesenti angama-50 abantu bathola amanzi ahlanzekile nahlanzekile, kuyilapho abanye kufanele bathembele emanzini angaphephile nangcolile okufanele alethwe ngemva kwamabanga amade. Ukuzamazama komhlaba okwenzeka kuleli ngo-2010 kwadala umonakalo emithonjeni eminingi yamanzi, kwaguqa izwe, lacela usizo kwamanye amazwe ukuze kugcinwe abantu. Abantu abaningi bafa ngenxa yalokhu kuzamazama komhlaba, abaningi balimale kwezomnotho. Kodwa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kakhulu kulethwa kubo inkinga yamanzi impilo yonke. Ukuntuleka kwezinhlelo zokonga amanzi kanye nokuguguleka kwenhlabathi nakho kuyimbangela enkulu yokuntuleka kwamanzi ezweni.

4. Pakistan

Ukuncipha kwezinsiza kanye nokuntuleka kwezinhlelo zokulondoloza imithombo yamanzi kubeke iPakistan phakathi kwamazwe lapho izinkinga zamanzi ziningi khona. Izimo ezomile nazo zidala isimo sokushoda kwamanzi. Isizathu salesi simo wubudedengu babantu bokusebenzisa amanzi ngendlela efanele. Njengoba ezolimo zisetshenziswa ezindaweni eziningi zezwe, ukuntuleka kwamanzi kuzokhuphula izinga lokuphila kwabo izikhathi eziningi eminyakeni ezayo. Ngokufinyelela emanzini ahlanzekile angu-50% kuphela, abantu basePakistan babhekana nezifo eziningi ngemva kokuphuza amanzi angahlanzekile nangaphephile.

3. Syria

Idolobha lase-Aleppo yilona elibucayi kakhulu mayelana nokushoda kwamanzi. ISyria ibhekene nenkinga enkulu yamanzi futhi isesimweni esisodwa esikhathazayo. Njengoba amanzi eseyekile ukuphuma ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zezifundazwe ngisho nasezindaweni ezingaphansi kukahulumeni, isimo siya ngokuba sibi mihla namalanga. Yize izinhlangano ezizimele ezihlukene seziqale izinhlelo nezinhlelo eziningi okuhloswe ngazo ukuxazulula le nkinga, isimo asishintshile kule minyaka embalwa edlule. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu baqala ukufuduka ukuze babone izimo ezinjalo futhi basinde ezinkingeni ezinjalo.

2. IGibhithe

Umfula iNayile udabula eGibhithe, futhi abantu ababephila esikhathini esidlule abazange babhekane nokuntuleka kwamanzi ezweni. Kodwa njengoba umfula ungcoliswa kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kubangela ukuthi ungabi hlanzekile futhi ungabi nampilo ukuphuzwa. Izinga lamanzi nalo lehle kakhulu ngakho-ke abantu abanawo amanzi okuphuza amancane.

Uhlelo lokunisela kanye nezindlela zokulima ziphazamiseka kakhulu ngezizathu ezifanayo. abantu kuye kwadingeka baphuze amanzi angcolile ukuze baziphilise futhi lokhu kubangele izifo nezifo ezihlukahlukene esikhathini esidlule.

1. ESomalia

Elinye lamazwe acindezelwe kakhulu ngamanzi, nelicekelwe phansi yimpi, yiSomalia. Izimbangela ezinkulu zendlala nokulahlekelwa ukuphila ezweni zihlobene kakhulu nezinkinga zamanzi ezikhona lapho. Yize izwe lihlome ngemithombo yamanzi, okuthi uma iphathwa kahle ixazulule le nkinga, kodwa njengoba uhulumeni engayibheki le nkinga, inkinga isinesikhathi eside ikhona. Abantu kufanele bahlupheke ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi futhi kudingeke bahambe amabanga amade ukuze bathole amanzi okuphuza, ahlanzekile nahlanzekile. Nokho, izinhlelo nezinhlelo ziyadingeka ngokushesha ukuze kulawuleke izinsiza ezikhona kanye nokuhlinzeka abantu ngamanzi anele okudla.

Njengoba ijubane lamanzi liya lihamba kancane, ohulumeni bala mazwe ngisho nabaholi bezwe ngalinye bafuna izindlela zokuxazulula le nkinga esikhathini esizayo. Izindlela ezihlukahlukene nezisombululo zihlale zifunwa ukuze kuncishiswe inkinga yezinkinga zamanzi. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele icatshangelwe iwukusebenzisa amanzi ngokuwonga nangokuhlakanipha ukuze unqande inkinga ngezinga elithile.