I-HPFP kumayunithi edizili. Umgomo wokusebenza kwamaphampu akulayini ezinjinini

Ngaphambilini, uphethiloli wedizili wawuhlinzekwa ekamelweni lokushisa ngama-compressor kanye nomoya. Ukuthuthuka kwendlela izinjini zikadizili ezisebenza ngayo kushubile ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, okuholele ekwethulweni kwephampu yomjovo. Iyini le elementi enesibopho futhi yiziphi izinhlobo zayo? Funda mayelana nokwehluleka kwephampu okuvame kakhulu futhi uthole ukuthi yini okufanele yenziwe ukuze igcinwe isebenza isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka!

TNVD - kuyini?

Ngamanye amazwi, lesi isisetshenziswa somjovo noma isisetshenziswa nje esiklanyelwe ukunikeza uphethiloli kuma-injector ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Le ngxenye iseduze kakhulu namasilinda futhi iqhutshwa ibhande lesikhathi. Ngaphansi kwesenzo sokunyakaza okujikelezayo, kwakhiwa amandla esondo legiya, okudala ingcindezi. Eminyakeni edlule, kuye kwadalwa izinhlobo eziningana zamaphampu ezisebenza ezimotweni ezindala zikadizili kuze kube namuhla. Nansi incazelo yabo emfushane.

Izinhlobo zamaphampu kaphethiloli anengcindezi ephezulu ezinjinini zikadizili

Kuze kube manje, amaphampu alandelayo avele ezinjini ezifakwe ezimotweni:

• umugqa;
• iyazungeza.

Inhloso yomsebenzi wabo icishe ifane, kodwa imiklamo ihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ake sibheke imininingwane yomsebenzi wabo.

Iphampu yomjovo emgqeni - ukuklama nokusebenza kwamaphampu ayingxenye

Idivayisi yaqala ngo-1910. Iphampu esemgqeni iqukethe izingxenye zokumpompa ezihlukene, ngayinye elawula umthamo kaphethiloli ohlinzekwa kusilinda esithile. Ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe komhlangano we-piston kunikeza ingcindezi edingekayo. I-rack rack yenza i-piston ijikeleze futhi ilawula umthamo kaphethiloli. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka amaphampu nge:

• isiqalo esinqunyiwe nokuphela komjovo okulungiswayo;
• isiqalo esiguquguqukayo nesiphetho esingaguquki somjovo;
• isiqalo esilungisekayo kanye nesiphetho esilungisekayo somjovo.

Umshini womjovo wengxenye uhoxisiwe ngenxa yezinkinga ezimbalwa. Kube nenkinga yokulawulwa okunembile komthamo kaphethiloli, ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kukaphethiloli kadizili enjinini kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu.

Iphampu yomjovo wokusabalalisa - isimiso sokusebenza

Amaphampu omjovo asetshenziswa ezinjinini zikadizili isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuthi izinjini ze-VAG TDI zingene emakethe. Ayesetshenziswa ngaphambili, kodwa kwaba kulezi zigaba lapho aduma khona. Ukusebenza kwephampu enjalo kusekelwe kuyunithi yokusabalalisa ipiston etholakala ngaphakathi kwayo. Idizayini yayo isuselwe kudiski eliyisipesheli le-ledge (i-colloquially eyaziwa ngokuthi "igagasi") lapho i-piston yokusabalalisa ihamba khona. Njengomphumela wokuzungezisa nokunyakaza kwe-elementi, umthamo kaphethiloli unikezwa kulayini othize wamafutha. Iphampu yokusabalalisa inesigaba sepompo esisodwa.

I-HPFP kanye nama-injection amayunithi - ukuqhathanisa

Imibhobho yokucindezela iyiqembu elikhethekile lemishini yokujova ngoba iqeda amaphampu endabuko. Aqukethe i-nozzle kanye nemishini yokumpompa, okudala umfutho ophakeme kakhulu kaphethiloli. Zombili izakhi zihlanganiswe ndawonye futhi amandla adingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe isigaba sepompo avela ku-camshaft lobes. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lesi sixazululo sinikeza uphethiloli ukumelana okuphawulekayo futhi sivumela ukuthi senze ukucindezela okukhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-elastomer asetshenziselwa ukuvala ngokuvamile aqina ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi abangele ukungasebenzi kahle komjovo weyunithi.

Ukuvuza kwepompo yomjovo - izimpawu zomonakalo

Indlela elula yokuqaphela ukuthi iphampu iyavuza yilapho uphethiloli ugeleza uphuma endlini yayo. Nokho, lolu hlobo lomonakalo alubonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kunzima kakhulu ukubona ukuthi sikhona yini isikhala phakathi kwalolu cingo kanye nebhulokhi yenjini. Ngakho-ke, uphawu olulandelayo kungase kube umoya ohlelweni lomjovo. Lokhu kuzozwakala ngendlela ye-jerks yeyunithi yamandla (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokusheshisa kanzima).

Iphampu yomjovo enephutha - izimpawu nezimbangela

Ngaphezu kwamacala ashiwo, amaphampu kaphethiloli anengcindezi ephezulu ahlushwa ezinye izifo. Ukuthatha ingxenye yepompo kungaba yinkinga enkulu. Imbangela yenkinga ukufaka uphethiloli ngamafutha asezingeni eliphansi kakhulu. I-feeder igcotshwa kuphela ngophethiloli we-diesel, futhi ukuba khona kokungcola okuqinile ku-valve kubangela ukunwaya kwendawo yokusabalalisa i-piston. Ngokuvamile kuba nomonakalo ekhanda, oklanyelwe ukunikeza uphethiloli kuma-injection athile. Khona-ke ukulungiswa nokuvuselelwa kwepompo yomjovo kuyadingeka.

Ungakubona kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle kwephampu yomjovo bese uyilungisa?

Kwenzekani-ke kudrayivu? Njengomphumela wokuguga noma ukulimala kwepompo, injini:

• izinkinga zokushisa;
• ikhiqiza intuthu eyengeziwe;
• ishisa amafutha amaningi;
• amatafula engenzi lutho lapho efudumala. 

Khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuvuselela yonke idivayisi futhi esikhundleni sezakhi ngazinye. Iphampu yomjovo we-rotary ayisona isisombululo sakamuva sobuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke kungaba nzima ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola izingxenye ezifanele.

Ungakhohlwa ukunakekela iphampu yomjovo, ngoba ngale ndlela uzogwema izinkinga ezichazwe. Izindlela zokusebenza okungenazinkinga zilula kakhulu futhi zilinganiselwe ekuthululeni uphethiloli wekhwalithi. Futhi, ungakunaki ukushintshwa okujwayelekile kwesihlungi sikaphethiloli. Ukungcola okuvela ethangini kungalimaza izindawo ezingqubuzanayo futhi kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwepompo ngokwayo noma imibhobho. Uma ugcina le mithetho engqondweni, iphampu yakho izohlala isikhathi eside.