Ukuhlolwa: Peugeot 5008 2.0 Hdi (110 kW)
Okuqukethwe
Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho sikhuluma nge-5008 njengeveni elincane, i-807 izovela ngemuva. Izimoto zalo mklamo eziye (zanikezwa) ngaphezulu ukuxhasa izindleko zokuthuthuka u-Ulysses noPhaedra ababekude "nokususa" ku-Evasion.
Yize kunjalo ngo-807, uPeugeot wayeludinga kakhulu lolu hlobo lweveni lemousine elalingancintisana emakethe neScénica, Verso, nazo zonke izinhlobo zePicassos nezinye. Kade balinda lesi sibusiso. Nakhu ke: 5008!
Ukubukeka kwayo kujwayelekile kwaPeugeot, kepha kuphela uma i-5008 yaziwa njengePeugeot. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma singaphetha kuqala ngemuva kuka-3008 bese kuba ngemuva kuka-5008, iParis imane yanquma (okungenani kumamodeli athile) ukugwema izitho zomzimba ezinolaka, ngokuqala ngobhampa wangaphambili. Le 5008 ithule kakhulu, esicabanga ukuthi yinhle kuphela.
Ngaphandle, futhi ngokuhlanganyela ne-807, futhi kulokhu futhi nomzala ka-C4 (Omkhulu) uPicasso, umnyango ohlangothini kufanele wazi. Kulesi sigaba, iminyango eshelelayo (sikhuluma, yiqiniso, mayelana neminyango emibili) ayibonakali idlula ngesihlungo sabaphathi abahola phambili. Futhi noma, ngokwesibonelo, bangu-1007 abanazo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, i-5008, njengabo bonke abanye abanesixazululo sakudala sokufaka iminyango eseceleni, ilahlekelwe ukusetshenziswa kwayo kalula, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokupaka eziqinile, kepha izobe isilungile vele. Eminye imibono engekho emthethweni ithi iminyango enjalo "ingukulethwa" kakhulu, engeke ibekezelelwe abathengi abajwayelekile bezimoto ezinkulu kangaka. KULUNGILE.
Ingaphakathi lezinkulungwane ezinhlanu (alisamangalisi) njengoba lo msebenzi wawuphethwe yizinkulungwane ezintathu, okungenani uma kukhulunywa ngedeshibhodi. Le ifana kakhulu ezimotweni zombili, yize lapha kubonakala sengathi ithathe isinyathelo sokubuyela emuva.
Idizayini, ungalenzi iphutha: lapha ingxenye emaphakathi ibuyela emuva, ingene esikhaleni esiphakathi kwezihlalo zangaphambili, kuphela kulokhu sehliswe kakhulu "ngokwezigaba", okusho ukuthi ayingeni kakhulu kwizindololwane. Ngo-5008, izindololwane zinezisekelo ezimbili ezihlukene esihlalweni ngasinye, nebhokisi elikhulu phakathi noma ngaphansi kwazo.
Futhi kupholile futhi kuhloswe ukudakwa, kodwa lapho sesingene endaweni yomoya omubi, into eyodwa futhi: amabhokisi ngo-5008 makhulu, kodwa hhayi kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, izinto ezincane ezifana nokhiye, umakhalekhukhwini kanye nesikhwama semali azinandawo yokubeka. Uma benza kanjalo, bashayela baye emuva naphambili (amabhokisi emnyango) futhi/noma bamukele inhloso yalezi zindawo - ake sithi - ukuphuza.
Ngamafuphi: ngaphandle kwesikhala sangaphakathi esiyingqayizivele, awukwazi ukugcina konke ngokugculisayo futhi usondele ezandleni zakho. Futhi lapho uhlehla kakhulu, kuba kubi ngokwengeziwe.
Kepha buyela esithombeni esikhulu. Iphaneli yokulawula manje iqukethe izixazululo zakudala (okungukuthi, lezo esizijwayele) kusuka kulo mkhiqizo, kusuka kuzinkinobho kuya kokuma kwesikrini sokuzulazula nesibonisi se-head-up (HUD) sezinzwa. Futhi kusukela ekubukeni kwe-ergonomics, konke akunamaphutha amakhulu nokuphawula.
Izilinganiso ziyafana ngaphandle kwesilinganiso sejubane esiqondile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinzwa zikhulu kakhulu futhi zehluke kakhulu komunye nomunye kunokuba uzithathe ezinhlakeni zamalayisense eziningana zemoto enkudlwana. Kepha lokhu akungikhathazi nakancane, ngoba zilingana ngokuphelele nokubukeka kukonke.
Ngenxa yobukhulu baso, isondo lokushayela nalo likhulu impela, ububanzi baso obukhulu abuphazamisi, futhi nokuhleleka okumile mpo kweringi kuyancomeka.
Ingaphakathi le-5008 lilula kakhulu: ngenxa yamafasitela amakhulu, ngenxa yesikhala esikhulu, ngenxa yezimbali, futhi - uma ukhokha imali eyengeziwe - futhi ngenxa yefasitela elikhulu ngempela (elihleliwe) eliphahleni eline-shutter kagesi. . Ingaphakathi ligcwele okumpunga "okuklebhukile" phansi phakathi nomugqa omnyama ovundlile obanzi oqala (noma ophela, ngendlela othanda ngayo) kudeshibhodi.
Isikhumba ezihlalweni naso silula, kodwa ngenhlanhla phansi kumnyama, njengoba konke ukungcola kubonakala ngokushesha ekukhanyeni. Ngokuhlanganiswa nesikhumba ezihlalweni, kukhona ukushisa kwabo (izigaba ezintathu), lapho ukufana nokulinganisela kokushisa kufanele kunconywe - ikakhulukazi esigabeni sokuqala, "esiqinisa" isihlalo kancane. Ebusika, lokhu kuhlanganisa okuncomekayo ngokukhethekile.
Kukhona nokubi. Ukutsheka kwe-backrest (ngaphambili) kunzima kakhulu ukukulungisa njengoba isigwedlo sicindezelwe kule nsika ngakho-ke kunzima ukufinyelela kuso. Iphedali yokubamba, ebizwakala sengathi ingane ihamba esiteji esidala se-parquet, nayo ibicasula.
Uma lina, amafasitela angaphakathi (ane-air conditioning eshintsha ngokuzenzakalela esebenza kahle) athanda ukuvala inkungu, futhi ukuvula umnyango kuyindida enkulu.
Ukwazi ukufaka isikhiya somnyango ozenzakalelayo lapho imoto ishayelwa okokuqala kuwumqondo owusizo kakhulu (akukona okokuqala umuntu evula umnyango ngokungenamsebenzi ngaphambi kwerobhothi, njll.), kodwa kuyadida lapha. Uma-ke ngesikhathi sokuphumula (isibonelo) umshayeli ehamba, umnyango wakhe uvuliwe, kodwa abanye abanjalo.
Futhi nenkinobho kudeshibhodi, eyenzelwe ukukhiya nokulungisa, ayisizi kulokhu; umshayeli ophumile akakwazi ukuvula omunye umnyango. Kumele abuyele emotweni, avale isicabha, acindezele inkinobho evula yonke iminyango kuleli cala, noma afinyelele ukhiye, acishe injini, akhiphe ukhiye awusebenzise ukuvula umnyango.
Kulungile, lokhu kufundeka ngendlela ekhangayo, kodwa - ngikholwe - kuhlazisa kakhulu.
Uma kuqhathaniswa, isikhangiso sokusiza epaki ngezikhathi ezithile (lapho zingekho izithiyo eduze) kanye nesesula esingemuva esiklwebha “nansi” (i-beam engemuva ithule futhi ihlanza kahle) i-fart yomiyane.
Kodwa-ke, kugxilwe kwimishini, enkulu kule moto, oyibona ezithombeni (futhi enikeza cishe imali eyengeziwe eyengeziwe engama-XNUMX), kepha noma kunjalo (noma ngenxa yenani lentela ekhokhisiwe) asinaso isihlalo sikagesi esanele ukulungiswa. , izibani zangaphakathi eziningi (izibuko) ezibukweni zelanga, ezinyaweni), izikhala zokungenisa umoya ebhentshini elingemuva (phakathi kwezihlalo zangaphambili), ukhiye ohlakaniphile, amalambu e-xenon, usizo lwendawo engaboni, ukulawula okuqondile komnyango ongakhiyiwe (konke unelambu lesiginali elilodwa kuphela, ngakho-ke akucaci ukuthi yini evulekile) nokulungiswa kwesihlalo esifundeni se-lumbar. I-JBL ne-video pack akusizi nganoma yikuphi okungenhla.
Kulungile, iveni ye-limousine! I-5008 ayikhona ngaphandle kuphela, kodwa futhi mayelana nokuguquguquka kwangaphakathi. Kunezihlalo eziyisikhombisa sezizonke; ezimbili ezingaphambili zingakudala, ezimbili ezingemuva ziyakwazi ukucwiliswa emanzini (futhi zihloselwe izingane ngempela), futhi umugqa wesibili unezihlalo ezintathu ezidinga ukulungiswa okuningi ukuze uzifunde, kodwa-ke kuyinto enhle.
Ngamunye wabo, isibonelo, ama-longitudinal longitudinal amabili, nama-engeli ahlukene wokuthambekela emuva kungenzeka, futhi izihlalo zingasongwa, ziphakanyiswe, zihanjiswe (ukwenza lula ukufinyelela emgqeni wesithathu). ... Uma kukhulunywa ngesikhala nokuguquguquka, i-5008 iyisibonelo esihle sohlobo lwayo.
Kodwa-ke, siyeluleka: uma kungenzeka, khetha imoto, isibonelo, eyodwa yokuhlola. Mayelana nokusebenziseka, asizange sithole iphutha ngakho. Ine-preheating ehlakaniphile (okusho ukuthi akudingeki ulinde isikhathi eside) futhi amakhaza agijima ngokushelela nangokuthula.
Ayinayo i-turbo bore ephazamisayo, idonsa ngo-1.000 1.500 rpm (yize ingalayishiwe kakhulu), ijikeleza nge-5.000 rpm, iphotha kalula futhi ngokushesha (ngisho ngegiya lesithathu) kuze kufike ku-XNUMX rpm (yize inkulungwane yokugcina inika umuzwa ocacile ukuthi akakuthandi ngempela ukukwenza), udonsa ngokulinganayo, akanasihluku, kodwa unamandla amakhulu, naphezu komzimba wakhe omkhulu (isisindo ne-aerodynamics), udonsela phezulu ekukhuphukeni kuze kube sejubane eliphezulu futhi ngaphandle kokonga.
Injini, nayo eyenzelwe ukuvumela isivinini esiphakeme kakhulu, igxile ekusebenzeni kahle kuma-revs aphansi kuya kwamaphakathi. Lokhu kuvele kube yisinqumo esihle kakhulu, ngoba, yithi, kumakhilomitha angama-50 ngehora ngegiya lesine, lapho inaliti ye-tachometer ikhombisa inani elingu-1.400, ibuye inyuse umqansa kalula futhi ngaphandle kokumelana nayo. Futhi ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi angadla uphethiloli omncane ngesikhathi sokushayela ngokulingene, uthambekele kakhulu ekulandeleni lapho ukoma kwakhe kuphela.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngokusho kwekhompyutha esebhodini, isebenzisa into enjengale. Ku-130 km / h ngegiya lesine (3.800 rpm) amalitha ayi-7 ku-8 km, kowesihlanu (100) 3.100 nakwilitha lesithupha (6) 0 ku-2.500 km.
Ngejubane lamakhilomitha ayi-160 ngehora, izibalo zimi kanje: kweyesine (4.700) 12, kweyesihlanu (0) 3.800 nakwesithupha (10) 4. Izilinganiso zethu zokugeleza nazo zikhombisile lesi sisindo. nobukhulu bemoto ngokungashayeli okonga kakhulu) ukudonsa okuhle kwale moto, yize kuno-gearbox omfishane obaliwe.
Uma ubheka indlela yokushayela kahle (ukhululekile, kodwa hhayi ngezindleko zokuphepha), izihlalo ezithokomele, injini ephilayo, u-gearbox omuhle, nesiteringi esikwaziyo ukuxhumana, akunzima ukuthola ukuthi (enjalo) i-5008 iyintokozo shayela.
Akuyona ezemidlalo, kepha kungashesha kakhulu. I-chassis ibhekwe kahle kakhulu, nge-longitudinal encane kakhulu (ukusheshisa, ukubopha amabhuleki) nokujika komzimba (okugoba). Yize kunezici ezithile esezivele zingumngcele kwezemidlalo, i-5008 kulula ukuyiphatha, okuthi (ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezihambisana nokuhamba ngebhayisikili ende) iqhutshwa kalula nangomzamo ngumuntu obuthakathaka ngokomzimba.
Uma kungenjalo kwenye indawo, umdlalo wezinkulungwane eziyisihlanu nesishiyagalombili uphela ngohlelo lwe-ESP olungakhubazeka kuphela ngejubane elifinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-50 ngehora. Kusukela kuleli phuzu kuqhubeke, iziphatha ngendlela elinganiselwe kakhulu: (nayo) isheshe iphazamise ukusebenza kwenjini (namabhuleki), futhi okungathandeki ngokwengeziwe kumandla omshayeli ongakwazi ukubekezela ukuthi kulokhu kuthikameza umsebenzi wemishini. isikhathi eside.
Kubuye kungakhululeki uma kudlula emigwaqweni eshelelayo lapho injini ye-ESP iminyaniswe ngokuphelele, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukudlula nakho kungaba yinto exakile kancane. Lokhu ngokwengxenye kungenxa yamathayi okusobala ukuthi awafanele le moto; zikhipha kabi kakhulu (zixosha amanzi) futhi zinamathela kabi kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lweqhwa.
Kwakungenakwenzeka ukuhlola ngokuphelele isikhundla emgwaqeni, kepha imoto inika umuzwa wokwethenjelwa nobubanzi obubonakalayo ngaphambi kokuthi kusebenze i-ESP.
Kukonke, ngenhlanhla, ezimweni eziningi zangempela (izimo zomgwaqo, ulwazi lomshayeli, isitayela sokushayela ...) kusebenza kahle. Ngokuyinhloko, i-5008 ne-chassis yayo, isondo lokushayela, ukuphendula nokusebenza kwenjini nokudluliswa kunikeza isipiliyoni sokushayela esimnandi kakhulu nomuzwa omuhle kakhulu wokuxhuma imoto.
Ngakho-ke: uma ufuna into efanayo yokuthutha abantu abayisikhombisa, i-Five Eight iyisinqumo esifanele.
Ubuso nobuso. ...
UDusan Lukic: Bake balala kwiPeugeot. Ama-SUV, amaveni amancane. . Ngathi lonke ulwazi lwabo balunikele kuSesa. Kwabe sekufika i-3008 (engagculisi neze) futhi manje i-5008 (ekholisa kakhulu) XNUMX. Ngokuya ngekhwalithi yokugibela, isuke ilandelwa izimbangi ezimbalwa, ibhayisikili liyindawo emnandi, futhi uma ususa isifiso Ibhokisi lesitoreji elengeziwe, kungaba nzima ngempela. Futhi intengo ishoda ngokuthile. Ukukhetha okuhle komndeni.
Kubiza malini kuma-euro
Izesekeli zemoto yokuhlola:
Upende we-Metallic 450
IParktronic ngaphambili nangemuva kwama-650
Uhlelo lokubonisa imininingwane esikrinini esobala 650
Uphahla lwengilazi lwePanoramic 500
Izibuko ezigoqwayo zeminyango 500
Ingaphakathi lesikhumba nesihlalo somshayeli esingu-1.800
Uhlelo lomsindo lwe-JBL 500
Uhlelo lokuzula WIP COM 3D 2.300
Iphakheji yevidiyo engu-1.500
Amasondo angu-17 intshi 300
UVinko Kernc, isithombe: Aleš Pavletič
IPeugeot 5008 2.0 Hdi (110 kW) FAP Premium
Idatha enkulukazi
| Ukuthengisa: | I-Peugeot Slovenia doo |
|---|---|
| Intengo yemodeli eyisisekelo: | 18.85 € |
| Izindleko zemodeli yokuhlola: | 34.200 € |
| Amandla: | 110kW (150 I-KM) |
| Ukusheshisa (0-100 km / h): | I-9,9 s |
| Ijubane elikhulu: | 195 km / h |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ECE, umjikelezo oxubile: | 5,9l / 100km |
| Isiqinisekiso: | Iminyaka engu-2 iwaranti ejwayelekile neselula, iwaranti yeminyaka engu-3, iwaranti yeminyaka engu-12. |
Izindleko (kufika ku-100.000 km noma eminyakeni emihlanu)
| Izinsizakalo ezijwayelekile, imisebenzi, izinto zokwakha: | 859 € |
|---|---|
| Okokhelekayo: | 9.898 € |
| Amathayi (1) | 1.382 € |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngenani (kungakapheli iminyaka emihlanu): | 3.605 € |
| Umshuwalense oyimpoqo: | 5.890 € |
| Thenga up | € 32.898 0,33 (izindleko zamakhilomitha: XNUMX 🇧🇷) |
Imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe
| injini: | I-4-cylinder - 4-stroke - in-line - turbodiesel - front-mounted transversely - bore and stroke 85 × 88 mm - displacement 1.997 cm? – ukucindezela okungu-16,0:1 – amandla amakhulu angu-110 kW (150 hp) ku-3.750 rpm – isilinganiso sesivinini se-piston ngamandla amakhulu angu-11,0 m/s – amandla athile angu-55,1 kW/l (74,9 hp/l) – itorque engu-340 Nm ku-2.000 hp. imiz - 2 ama-camshaft angaphezulu (ibhande lesikhathi) - ama-valve angu-4 isilinda ngasinye - umjovo kawoyela wesitimela ovamile - i-turbocharger yegesi ephumayo - shaja isipholile somoya. |
|---|---|
| Ukudluliswa kwamandla: | injini ishayela amasondo angaphambili - 6-speed manual transmission - isivinini ngamagiya ngamanye angu-1000 rpm: I. 7,70; II. 14,76; III. 23,47; IV. 33,08; v. 40,67; VI. 49,23 - amasondo 7 J × 17 - amathayi 215/50 R 17, ukugoqa indilinga 1,95 m. |
| Amandla: | ijubane eliphezulu 195 km/h - 0-100 km/h ukusheshisa ku-9,9 s - ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (ECE) 7,6 / 4,9 / 5,9 l / 100 km, CO2 emissions 154 g / km. |
| Ukuhamba nokumiswa: | i-limousine - iminyango engu-5, izihlalo ezingu-7 - umzimba ozisekelayo - ukumiswa okukodwa ngaphambili, imilenze yasentwasahlobo, ama-wishbones akhulume kathathu, ukuqina - i-axle shaft yangemuva, iziphethu zekhoyili, ama-telescopic shock absorbers, stabilizer - amabhuleki ediski angaphambili (ukupholisa ngenkani), idiski yangemuva , i-ABS, i-mechanical wheel wheel brake (ukushintsha phakathi kwezihlalo) - i-rack ne-pinion steering, isiteringi samandla, ukujika okungu-2,6 phakathi kwamaphoyinti amakhulu. |
| I-Mase: | imoto engenalutho 1.638 kg - isisindo esiphelele esivumelekile 2.125 kg - isisindo se-trailer esivumelekile nge-brake: 1.550 kg, ngaphandle kwebhuleki: 750 kg - umthwalo ophahleni ovunyelwe: 100 kg. |
| Ubukhulu bangaphandle: | Ububanzi bezimoto 1.837 mm, ithrekhi engaphambili 1.532 mm, ithrekhi engemuva 1.561 mm, imvume yomhlaba 11,6 m. |
| Ubukhulu bangaphakathi: | ububanzi bangaphambili 1.500 mm, phakathi 1.510, ezingemuva 1.330 mm - isihlalo esingaphambili ubude 500 mm, phakathi 470, isihlalo sangemuva 360 mm - isibambo ububanzi 380 mm - tank fuel 60 l. |
| Ibhokisi: | Umthamo weTrunk ulinganiswe nesethi ejwayelekile ye-AM yamasutukesi angu-5 eSamsonite (278,5 L esewonke): izindawo ezi-5: ipotimende eli-1 (36 L), ipotimende eli-1 (85,5 L), amapotimende ama-2 (68,5 L), ubhaka o-1 (20 l). l). Izindawo ezingu-7: ipotimende elilodwa (1 l), ubhaka ongu-68,5 (1 l). |
Izilinganiso zethu
| T = -3 / p = 940 mbar / rel. vl. = 69% / Amathayi: Goodyear Ultragrip Performance M + S 215/50 / R 17 V / Mileage condition: 2.321 km | |
| Ukusheshisa 0-100km: | 10,3s |
|---|---|
| 402m ukusuka edolobheni: | 17,5 iminyaka ( 131 km / h) |
| Ukuvumelana nezimo 50-90km / h: | 6,8 / 9,9s |
| Ukuvumelana nezimo 80-120km / h: | 9,3 / 12,3s |
| Ijubane elikhulu: | 195km / h (WE.) |
| Ukusetshenziswa okuncane: | 7,6l / 100km |
| Ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu: | 11,2l / 100km |
| ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa: | 9,4 l / 100km |
| Ukubhila ibanga ku-130 km / h: | 75,9m |
| Ukubhila ibanga ku-100 km / h: | 42,5m |
| Itafula le-AM: | 40m |
| Umsindo u-50 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 56dB |
| Umsindo u-50 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 54dB |
| Umsindo u-50 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 52dB |
| Umsindo u-50 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 52dB |
| Umsindo u-90 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 62dB |
| Umsindo u-90 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 60dB |
| Umsindo u-90 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 59dB |
| Umsindo u-90 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 58dB |
| Umsindo u-130 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 66dB |
| Umsindo u-130 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 64dB |
| Umsindo u-130 km / h ngegiya lesithathu | 63dB |
| Idling umsindo: | 37dB |
| Amaphutha wokuhlola: | bamba pedal creak |
Isilinganiso esewonke (336/420)
Ukungena kwePeugeot ekilasini le-van limousine kube yimpumelelo: i-5008 iyimodeli ekilasini layo futhi iyimbangi eyingozi (ikakhulukazi eFrance).
Ngaphandle (11/15)
Akuyona i-sedan-van enhle kunazo zonke, kepha ivula indlela entsha ekwakhiweni kwesitayela esijwayelekile sePeugeot.
Ngaphakathi (106/140)
Ibanzi futhi ikhululekile futhi iguquguqukayo. Kodwa-ke, asikho isikhala esanele ukugcina izinto ezincane neziphuzo (ezisebenza kahle). Isipholisi esihle.
Injini, ukudluliswa (52
/ 40Injini enhle kuzo zonke izici, u-gearbox omuhle kakhulu nemishini ephumayo.
Ukusebenza kokushayela (56
/ 95Kuhle kakhulu kuzo zonke izibalo, akukho lapho kuphambuka khona kakhulu. Ukuma emgwaqeni akukwazanga ukunqunywa ngokuphelele ngenxa yohlelo lwe-ESP olukhawulelayo.
Ukusebenza (27/35)
Imoto eshesha kakhulu futhi enamandla, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuhamba kwayo kahle.
Ukuphepha (47/45)
Indawo ebonakalayo eyimpumputhe, i-wiper ezenzakalelayo yokuvula / yokuvala, ukushoda kwezesekeli zokuphepha zanamuhla ezisebenzayo.
Umnotho
Ezomnotho, kepha zibiza kakhulu kunguqulo eyisisekelo nale njini.
Siyadumisa futhi sithuke
injini
ukuguquguquka kwangaphakathi
ukubukeka kanye "nomoya" wangaphakathi
Izinsiza kusebenza
omakhenikha bokuxhumana
ukusetshenziswa
izihlalo ezishisayo
usizo lapho uqala egqumeni
umshini ongenisa umoya
uhlelo lokukhiya nokuvula iminyango
i-angle efile emuva
I-ESP (ikhawulelwe futhi isebenza isikhathi eside kakhulu)
umbuthano ogibele
AMATHAYA
I-PDC (kwesinye isikhathi ixwayisa ngesithiyo, noma ngabe asikho)
intengo yemishini
ezinye izinto zemishini azikho
ukukhanya okungaphakathi okungaphelele
