Тест: Opel Meriva 1.4 16V Turbo (88 кВт) Jabulela
Hlola IDrayivu

Тест: Opel Meriva 1.4 16V Turbo (88 кВт) Jabulela

Abenzi bayazi ukuthi bangazisebenzisa kanjani izixazululo eziheha iso ekwakhiweni kwezimoto ezintsha (kanye neminye imikhiqizo, kungaba yisiteshi senqola noma insingo yamadoda), kepha empeleni azidingeki ngempela. Ngakho-ke, nge-Opel Meriva entsha, umbuzo uphakama ukuthi ngabe unenzuzo kumthengi noma kumthengisi.

Ingabe le minyango ingcono kunaleyo yakudala? Futhi uma kunjalo, kungani bengazange basebenzise ilungelo lobunikazi phambilini, noma kungani zonke izimoto (zomndeni) zingasazobanje?

Enye yalezi zindlela ezilula ezengeza izimfanelo ezinhle emotweni ngaphambi kokuthenga, isibonelo, amatafula angemuva kwezihlalo zangaphambili. Ngikhumbula kahle ukuthi, ngiseyingane, sajabulela kanjani lawa matafula asongekayo kuRenault Scenic eyayintsha ngaleso sikhathi, esasingabanye bokuqala ukuyiletha phambi kwendlu.

“Uuuaaauuu, miziceeee” kusihlabe umxhwele kakhulu ukwedlula, ngokwesibonelo, izihlalo ezisuswa kalula emgqeni wesibili namabhokisi angaphansi kwazo. Futhi njengoba sasiyizingane ezijabulayo, kwakukhona bobabili umama nobaba. Ngabe sike sawasebenzisa, lawa amatafula?

Ibanga phakathi kwesihlalo sangemuva netafula lide kakhulu ukuthi ungafaka imibala noma wenze izindida zamagama, futhi asikaze siphuze emotweni kusukela kumakani epulasitiki avulekile izimbobo kulawa mathebula eziklanyelwe wona. Ngingase ngingabi nabulungisa - kodwa ingabe uke wawasebenzisa la mathebula (yebo, i-Meriva entsha inawo futhi)?

Manje ake sinake umnyango omusha. Kungaba yihlazo ukukhetha iMeriva ngenxa yelungelo lobunikazi elithandekayo eminyango "yokuzibulala", bese uthola ukuthi empeleni ayixhunyiwe. Ngakho-ke? Mina ngokwami ​​angihambanga kahle njengomfowethu ovela ekukhangiseni nasezintweni ezisakazwayo zale moto, ngoba yenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu kangangokuthi ungahlosile wawela enkingeni yemakethe.

Isibonelo: "Lolu hlelo oluhle futhi olwehlukile luzosiza izingane zakho ukuba ziphume ziphume emotweni, futhi iminyango evulekile yangaphambili nangemuva nayo ingasebenza njengamasango e-futsal" kwijezi likaBirsin. Futhi ucabanga ukuthi lomnyango muhle impela!

Kulungile, yeka ukwenza ifilosofi. Ngakho-ke, umnyango osingesi ongemuva ku-C-insika uvula ohlangothini oluhlukile, njengoba sijwayele. NjengoFick omdala.

Kuyancomeka ukuthi yomibili iminyango, ngaphambili nangemuva, ivuleka cishe ngama-engeli angakwesokudla, okwenza kube mancane amathuba okuthi umgibeli ongenayo/ophumayo angene endleleni ngesikhathi esifanayo, kodwa kufanele kuqikelelwe, ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela i-mularium lapho ivula. umnyango endaweni yokupaka egcwele, njengoba kudingeka kube nesikhala esanele ukuze umnyango uvuleke ngokugcwele - okuningi kakhulu kunalokho okuboniswa ezindaweni zethu zokupaka eziningi ezincane.

Ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo ukungena ebhentshini, cishe uzibeke epulanini elingaphansi kwemoto bese ucabanga ngomuntu ongena ebhentshini elingemuva. Lo malume (noma umalumekazi) uqala ukungena emnyango wakudala, abekwe eceleni kwensika ka-C, bese edlulela phambili kancane, bese ehlala phansi esihlalweni futhi, ngaleyo ndlela enza lula indlela emise okwe-U.

EMeriva, indlela eya egumbini labagibeli iqala kakhulu ukusuka ngaphambili (icishe ifane nensika maphakathi nemoto), umgibeli empeleni uhleli ngqo esihlalweni. Ingabe kulula kunemoto yakudala?

Yebo, kunzima kakhulu ngoba sijwayele umnyango ovamile futhi sikhohlwa njalo ukuthi singena futhi siphume kanjani eMeriva. Kufana nokufaka ipedali ye-clutch yomshayeli ne-accelerator. Yebo, kulula kakhulu omama nobaba abanengane encane esihlalweni sengane: ukufaka nokuqinisa ingane ngamabhande esihlalo akucindezeli kakhulu umgogodla ngenxa yokufinyelela okulula ebhentshini langemuva (futhi, ukusebenza kukaMama neNgane umnyango esihlalweni sezinyoni usiza amathemba) ...

Ingabe uyesaba ukuthi izingane emgwaqweni omkhulu zizovula "amaphiko" azo? Ah, lokho ngeke kusebenze, ngoba izinto zikagesi zivala yonke iminyango ngamakhilomitha amane ngehora futhi ngaleyo ndlela zivimbele noma ubani ukuba azivule - lokhu kungenziwa kuphela umgibeli noma umshayeli ngaphambili, noma ngemuva (sikhuluma, Yiqiniso, mayelana nokushayela ) hlala uvaliwe.

Siphinde sahlola ukuthi kwenzekani uma umshayeli eqala ukushayela evule isicabha sangemuva: isignali ezwakalayo nesibonisi kudeshibhodi kumxwayisa ngephutha, nomnyango nawo ukhiyiwe (!), Ngakho-ke ukuvala umnyango futhi, imoto kufanele ukumiswa. , iminyango ivuliwe (iswishi itholakala ngaphezulu kwekhonsoli yesikhungo) bese uyayivala.

Kodwa-ke, kulungelo lobunikazi elisha, i-Opel (akunjalo, ayisiyintsha impela - iFord Thunderbird, Rolls-Royce Phantom, Mazda RX8 nokunye okukhethekile okuvele kuneminyango enjalo) inesinye isici esingeyona into enhle. I-B-insika ibanzi ngakho-ke yenza kube nzima ukubuka okuseceleni.

Lokhu kubonakala ngaphambi kokudlula emgwaqeni omkhulu noma empambanweni yomgwaqo lapho ungena khona umgwaqo omkhulu nge-engela elincane (u-Y-intersections). Ngenxa yomucu obanzi kanye ne-hook eyengeziwe yokusiza abagibeli abangemuva lapho bengena bephuma kuyo, inkambu yokubuka iyancipha, ngakho-ke udinga ukunikina ikhanda lakho kaningi kunokujwayelekile ngaphambi kokungena ngokuphepha emgwaqeni.

Ngaphambi kokuba siqede ingxoxo yethu ngalo mnyango wezimanga, ake sisho isibani esingaphansi kwensika yakwa-B, esikhanyisa isill naphansi phambi kwemoto ebusuku, nopulasitiki omnyama ophakathi kwezicabha zombili, ongenziwa ngamandla. ipulasitiki engcono. okunamathiselwe. Kuzwakala uma ushaya futhi uhambisa ngengcindezi eyengeziwe. IMeriva ayililungele ngokuphelele izinga lobuciko obuphezulu kakhulu.

Yebo, le Meriva ngenye iyisibonelo esihle kakhulu. Kusheshe kumcacele umshayeli ukuthi lena yimoto yaseJalimane, ngoba zonke izishintshi, ama-levers nama-pedals aqinile kune (uma kuqhathaniswa, ngisanda kuthuthela eMeriva) yePeugeot 308 yethu "evivinyiwe." Ama-levers esiteringini. , izinkinobho zokulawula umoya omncane neziphambuki, i-clutch pedal, isigwedlo segiya. ...

Konke ngokuthinta kusebenza ngokuqinile futhi kunikeza imininingwane enhle yokuthi kukhona okwenzekile ngomyalo wethu. Ingaphakathi layo linemibala egqamile, futhi ngesimangaliso esithile umbala obomvu oqinile ezintweni ezifakiwe wawungabonakali unolaka kakhulu, i-kitsch, kodwa unempilo enhle. Angazi ngempela ukuthi kungani ngingangena ehokweni elimpunga nelimnyama lapho imvelo “yomsebenzi” ingahlukahluka njengaku-Opel emnyama.

Isivikelo sangaphambili esiyindilinga nedeshibhodi ebude obufanayo bengeza ukunethezeka, futhi uphahla olukhulu lwengilazi, olusuka kuhlu lwezesekeli imoto yokuhlola ebengenalo, mhlawumbe lunomthelela ekungeneni emoyeni okuningi.

Yayinokulawula ukuhamba ngesikebhe, ikhompyutha ekubhodi (ephethwe yisibambo sokujikeleza esiteshini sokushayela sangakwesokunxele, okudingeka wehlise isiteringi ngesandla sakho sobunxele!), Isilawuli somsakazo esiteringini, indawo yokupaka kagesi ibhuleki, isidlali se-mp3 esine-AUX ne-USB. uxhumano luthathwe ngobunono edilowa phakathi kwezihlalo zangaphambili), izinzwa zokupaka zangaphambili nangemuva (mhlawumbe zibucayi kakhulu, kepha uma kubhekwa ukuthi bazobe beyishayela nayo ... hmm, hmm), ezimbili-othomathikhi air conditioning nezinye uswidi.

Asikuthandanga ukwakheka kwamaswishi nezinkinobho ku-centre console - maningi kakhulu futhi asondelene kangangokuthi sincoma isifundo semizuzu engu-10 ngaphambi kohambo lokuqala. Ukuze ungandizi uphume emgwaqeni lapho usetha isiqondiso se-air conditioning.

Ime kancane ngomgwaqo uMeriva. Emotweni yomndeni, imunca amaqhubu kwezemidlalo, sibonga ngokwengxenye amasondo angama-intshi angu-17. Abagcini ngokuhle kuphela, kepha ngokuhlangana ne-chassis, baqinisekise ukuthi, ngenkathi begwema isigaxa esikhulu sepulasitiki emgwaqeni omkhulu (yingakho-ke ngokungalindelekile senze isivivinyo se-moose esitolo se-Avto), imoto yahlala izolile yize i-slalom enobudlova kakhulu.

Kuyindaba yokunambitheka, kodwa izintokazi ezifana nale Meriva cishe zizoba nzima kakhulu. Isondo lokuqondisa lihle - liyakhanya edolobheni, kuthule emgwaqeni onguthelawayeka, nokujula okukhulu nokulungiswa kobude.

Ngabe uqaphele ukuthi ithi i-TURBO engakwesokudla se-tailgate? Ngombhalo owesabekayo onjalo, umuntu angacabanga ukuthi lokhu okungenani kunguhlobo lwe-OPC, kepha akunjalo. I-Meriva yokuhlola ibinikwe amandla yi-turbocharged 1-litre ezine-cylinder engine ene-valve valve timing ekwazi ukuletha "amandla wehhashi" ama-4 (baphinde banikeze uhlobo olunamandla angu-120 ngaphezulu).

Injini ijikeleza buthule kakhulu futhi buthule, kanti ngenkathi iyishayela iziphatha sengathi inamakhulu ama-cubic metres amaningi ngaphezulu futhi sengathi ayinayo nhlobo i-turbocharger. Kungani? Injini ayibukeki njengama-turbocharged sports turbos amancane, kepha ishunelwe ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kalula maphakathi nebanga.

Ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa phakathi kuka-2.000 no-5.000 rpm futhi ijikeleze ifike ebhokisini elibomvu ku-6.500, kodwa akukho phuzu lokuyiphusha lapho. Ngamafuphi - injini isebenza njengemoto eyisibonelo esheshayo, kodwa hhayi imoto yezemidlalo. Ngebanga lika-130 km/h iphenduka ku-3.000 rpm ncamashi ngakho-ke ikwazi ukumelana nokuzwakala kahle (ngisho uma uhamba ngo-190 km/h umsindo awuphazamisi!) Ayidingi ngisho negiya lesithupha.

Ukuze wonge uphethiloli? Kungenzeka, kodwa injini ye-turbo eyi-1 litre akulona uhlobo lwenjini ofuna ukugxumela kulo. Ikhompyutha yohambo enesivinini esingaguquki samakhilomitha angu-4 ngehora ikhombisa ukusetshenziswa okungaba amalitha ayi-120, futhi cishe ayisishiyagalombili ku-6. Empeleni, kuvela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamalitha angaphansi kwayisikhombisa ekushayeleni okuhlangene cishe akunakwenzeka ukufeza ngisho nonyawo olulungile olulinganiselayo, ngakho-ke abatakuli, musa ukulengiswa kudatha yefekthri - thumela umnikelo wedizili.

Ngezansi: I-Meriva iyimoto ezwa sengathi kukhona umuntu ofake umzamo ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwemoto, hhayi nje ukukopishwa, kodwa ukulungisa kancane lokho okwakwaziwa kakade. Kuthiwani ngale minyango - ingabe iqhinga lemakethe noma iqhinga elizokwenza umndeni uzulazule emhlabeni ngenjabulo? Zinezinzuzo zazo futhi, yebo, ukuqagele, ukonakala kwazo, kodwa singaphetha ngokuthi i-Opel idonse ukunaka ngendlela egculisa amakhasimende.

Kubiza malini kuma-euro

Izesekeli zemoto yokuhlola:

Upende we-Metallic 180

I-armrest yangaphambili 70

Isokhethi yegumbi lempahla 19

Isondo elingasebenzi 40

Iphakethe lasebusika 250

Iphakethe lesihlalo elisebenzayo 140

Iphakheji "Jabulela" 2

Iphakheji "Jabulela" 3

Amasondo angama-17 '' alloy alula anamasondo angu-250

Ukuxhuma kwe-Bluetooth 290

Umsakazo CD400 100

Ikhompyutha yohambo 70

Ubuso nobuso. ...

I-Tomaž Porekar: Imoto ilungile impela, yize nganginomuzwa ongathandeki eduze kwayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iMeriva entsha ayisangeni emikhawulweni ebekwe ngabokuqala! Manje inkulu, kepha hhayi njengoba ivulekile, inamathrekhi abanzi ne-wheelbase enkudlwana, ngakho-ke izinzile ngokwengeziwe. Kodwa lokho akuzange kumenze azizwe engcono.

Nakuba ungalindela ukuthi kube imoto yomndeni (enebhokisi eliphakathi nendawo elilungisekayo kanye nendololwane), ayinaso isikhala sezinto ezincane esivame ukuzidinga - ngisho nalapho ushayela - njengekhadi lokupaka. Awekho amazwana enjinini. Iyisisekelo, iyonga ngokwanele (nokucindezela kwegesi okumaphakathi), kodwa ngokuqinisekile ayinamandla kakhulu. Futhi ngengaphandle elihle kakhulu ...

UDusan Lukic: Ayikho into emnandi: I-Meriva iyilokho kanye okudingwa umndeni ovamile waseSlovenia onezingane ezincane ngemoto yomndeni evamile neyeholide. Futhi ukuvula umnyango ngale ndlela kuyasebenziseka ngempela, kufanele nje uqaphele lapho uvala ukuze ungampintshi iminwe yomuntu (bese ushaywa). Enjinini? Yebo, yebo, ungakhetha lena. Akusona isidingo...

Matevž Gribar, isithombe: Sasha Kapetanovich

I-Opel Meriva 1.4 16V Turbo (88KW) Jabulela

Idatha enkulukazi

Ukuthengisa: I-Opel Southeast Europe Ltd.
Intengo yemodeli eyisisekelo: 13.990 €
Izindleko zemodeli yokuhlola: 18.809 €
Amandla:88kW (120


I-KM)
Ukusheshisa (0-100 km / h): I-11,5 s
Ijubane elikhulu: 188 km / h
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ECE, umjikelezo oxubile: 6,1l / 100km
Isiqinisekiso: Iwaranti ejwayelekile iminyaka emibili, iwaranti ye-varnish iminyaka emithathu, iwaranti yokulwa nokugqwala iminyaka eyi-2.
Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile 15.000 km

Izindleko (kufika ku-100.000 km noma eminyakeni emihlanu)

Izinsizakalo ezijwayelekile, imisebenzi, izinto zokwakha: 924 €
Okokhelekayo: 10.214 €
Amathayi (1) 1.260 €
Umshuwalense oyimpoqo: 2.625 €
UMSHWALENSE WE-CASCO (+ B, K), AO, AO +4.290


(🇧🇷
Bala izindleko zomshuwalense wemoto
Thenga up € 24.453 0,25 (izindleko zamakhilomitha: XNUMX


🇧🇷)

Imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe

injini: I-4-cylinder - 4-stroke - in-line - turbo-petroli - igibele ngokuphambene ngaphambili - ibhore kanye ne-stroke 72,5 × 82,6 mm - ukususwa kwe-1.364 cm? – ukucindezela okungu-9,5:1 – amandla amakhulu angu-88 kW (120 hp) ku-4.800-6.000 rpm – isilinganiso sesivinini se-piston ngamandla amakhulu angu-16,5 m/s – amandla athile angu-64,5 kW/l (87,7 .175 hp/l) – itorque engu-1.750 Nm ku-4.800–2 rpm - ama-camshaft angu-4 ekhanda (ibhande lesikhathi) - amavalvu angu-XNUMX isilinda ngasinye - umjovo wamafutha kaloliwe ovamile - i-exhaust gas turbocharger - shaja isipholile somoya.
Ukudluliswa kwamandla: amasondo angaphambili ashayelwa injini - 5-speed manual transmission - gear ratio I. 3,73; II. amahora angu-1,96; III. amahora angu-1,32; IV. 0,95; I-V. 0,76; – Umehluko 3,94 – Amasondo 7 J × 17 – Amathayi 225/45 R 17, ukuzungeza 1,91 m.
Amandla: ijubane eliphezulu 188 km/h - 0-100 km/h ukusheshisa ku-11,5 s - ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (ECE) 8,0 / 5,0 / 6,1 l / 100 km, CO2 emissions 143 g / km.
Ukuhamba nokumiswa: i-limousine - iminyango engu-5, izihlalo ezingu-5 - umzimba ozisekelayo - ukumiswa okukodwa ngaphambili, imilenze yasentwasahlobo, ama-wishbones akhulume kathathu, ukuqina - i-axle shaft yangemuva, iziphethu zekhoyili, ama-telescopic shock absorbers, stabilizer - amabhuleki ediski angaphambili (ukupholisa ngenkani), idiski yangemuva , i-ABS, i-mechanical wheel wheel brake (ukushintsha phakathi kwezihlalo) - i-rack ne-pinion steering, isiteringi samandla, ukujika okungu-2,5 phakathi kwamaphoyinti amakhulu.
I-Mase: imoto engenalutho 1.360 kg - isisindo esiphelele esivumelekile 1.890 kg - isisindo se-trailer esivumelekile nge-brake: 1.150 kg, ngaphandle kwebhuleki: 680 kg - umthwalo ophahleni ovunyelwe: 60 kg.
Ubukhulu bangaphandle: Ububanzi bezimoto 1.812 mm, ithrekhi engaphambili 1.488 mm, ithrekhi engemuva 1.509 mm, imvume yomhlaba 11,5 m.
Ubukhulu bangaphakathi: ububanzi bangaphambili 1.430 mm, ngemuva 1.390 mm - isihlalo esingaphambili ubude 490 mm, isihlalo sangemuva 470 mm - isondo lokuqondisa ububanzi 370 mm - ithangi likaphethiloli 54 l.
Ibhokisi: Umthamo weTrunk ulinganiswe kusetshenziswa isethi ejwayelekile ye-AM yamapotimende ama-5 eSamsonite (278,5 L esewonke): izindawo ezi-5: ipotimende lendiza eli-1 (36 L), ipotimende eli-2 (68,5 L), ubhaka om-1 (20 L).

Izilinganiso zethu

T = 27 ° C / p = 1.144 mbar / rel. vl. = 35% / Amathayi: I-Michelin Primacy HP 225/45 / R 17 V / isimo se-Mileage: 1.768 km
Ukusheshisa 0-100km:11,5s
402m ukusuka edolobheni: 17,9 iminyaka (


126 km / h)
Ukuvumelana nezimo 50-90km / h: 12,3 (IV.) S
Ukuvumelana nezimo 80-120km / h: 17,3 (V.) k
Ijubane elikhulu: 188km / h


(Vq)
Ukusetshenziswa okuncane: 6,9l / 100km
Ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu: 9,9l / 100km
ukusetshenziswa kokuhlolwa: 8,2 l / 100km
Ukubhila ibanga ku-130 km / h: 63,6m
Ukubhila ibanga ku-100 km / h: 38,2m
Itafula le-AM: 40m
Umsindo u-50 km / h ngegiya lesithathu56dB
Umsindo u-50 km / h ngegiya lesithathu54dB
Umsindo u-50 km / h ngegiya lesithathu54dB
Umsindo u-90 km / h ngegiya lesithathu64dB
Umsindo u-90 km / h ngegiya lesithathu62dB
Umsindo u-90 km / h ngegiya lesithathu60dB
Umsindo u-130 km / h ngegiya lesithathu66dB
Umsindo u-130 km / h ngegiya lesithathu64dB
Idling umsindo: 36dB
Amaphutha wokuhlola: okungenakuphikwa

Isilinganiso esewonke (309/420)

  • I-Meriva iyimoto yomndeni enhle, entsha futhi eqanjiwe. Ukungabaza mayelana nokusebenziseka komnyango osusiwe kungaqedwa, ngoba akubi kakhulu kunama-classic.

  • Ngaphandle (13/15)

    Kuphela okulengayo okulengayo okuxegayo nokukhubazeka kwizimpawu zenjoloba ezungeze umnyango kuphazamisa, ngaphandle kwalokho iMeriva entsha ibukeka iyintsha futhi yinhle.

  • Ngaphakathi (97/140)

    Ngeke kube khona isikhala esanele somgibeli wesihlanu, ezine zizohamba ziqinile. Okungikhathaza kakhulu ukusethwa kwamashintshi kukhonsoli yesikhungo.

  • Injini, ukudluliswa (50


    / 40

    Injini ephilayo, ethule futhi esheshayo, kepha hhayi njengonga uphethiloli njengoba kuthenjisiwe. Isigwedlo sokushintsha sihamba kahle singene ngakwesokudla ngamagiya.

  • Ukusebenza kokushayela (57


    / 95

    I-chassis ize incike emndenini iye ekusebenzeni kwezemidlalo.

  • Ukusebenza (22/35)

    "Amahhashi" ayi-120 anele ukuhambisa umndeni wabane ngokushesha, futhi ukuguquguquka kukhulu ngokwanele ngokwevolumu.

  • Ukuphepha (37/45)

    Ama-airbags angaphambili nawasemaceleni, ama-airbags amakhethini, i-ESP (ayishintsheki), izivimbelo zekhanda ezisebenzayo kanye nabazibophezelayo bebhande langaphambili.

  • Umnotho

    Ukufeza ukusetshenziswa okulingene kukaphethiloli, udinga ukuba nobungane kakhulu ne-pedator ye-accelerator. Imishini enjalo ayisashibhile, kepha inani liyaqhathaniswa nezimbangi. Iminyaka emibili isiyonke, iwaranti yokuvimbela ukugqwala yeminyaka engu-12.

Siyadumisa futhi sithuke

ukubukeka kwangaphandle

emisha

ethule, ezolile, enamandla ngokwanele injini

ukungena kwebhentshi emuva

i-engeli enkulu yokuvula umnyango

umuzwa wobubanzi

isiqu esiqinile, esiguquguqukayo

ubuciko

ingaphakathi elinempilo

dexterity

ukuzinza

ukuvimbela umsindo

okhalweni oluphakeme (ukwenza izinto obala)

izinkinobho eziningi kakhulu kukhonsoli yesikhungo

i-chassis eqinile (engathandeki)

ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli

ukungabonakali kahle ngenxa yensika ebanzi ye-B (ukubuka eceleni)

amaphakethe amancane kakhulu ngemuva kwezihlalo zangaphambili

okunye ukungalungi ekukhiqizeni kokugcina (izimpawu zeminyango)

ipulasitiki ezacile, evulekile ku-B-pillar

akukho kukhanya esibukweni esambulela

Inkinobho yokujikeleza yokulawula ikhompyutha ekubhodi

Umbhalo odukisayo othi "turbo" isidlali somculo asinankumbulo

Engeza amazwana