Inkululeko, isivinini, i-electronic humidification

Ngehaba elincane, izintatheli zibhala nge-Estonia encane njengezwe, ngosizo lobuchwepheshe besimanje, eliye laqeda i-bureaucracy, empeleni lidala isimo sedijithali. Nakuba futhi sazi ngokuqedwa kwamaphepha (1) ngokwethula izixazululo ze-inthanethi, ukuqinisekiswa kwedijithali namasiginesha kagesi avela e-Poland, i-Estonia iye yahamba phambili kakhulu.

Imiyalelo yemithi? E-Estonia, sebene-inthanethi isikhathi eside. Ingabe iHholo Ledolobha? Akukho mbuzo wokuma emigqeni. Ukubhaliswa kanye nokususwa ekubhalisweni kwemoto? Ku-inthanethi ngokuphelele. I-Estonia idale inkundla eyodwa yazo zonke izindaba ezisemthethweni ngokusekelwe ekuqinisekiseni ubuqiniso be-elekthronikhi namasignesha edijithali.

Nokho, ngisho nase-Estonia kunezinto ezingeke zenziwe nge-elekthronikhi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa umshado, isehlukaniso, nokudluliselwa kwempahla. Hhayi ngoba ngokwezobuchwepheshe akunakwenzeka. Uhulumeni wamane wanquma ukuthi kulawa macala kwakudingekile ukuba uvele mathupha phambi kwesikhulu esithile.

I-Digital Estonia ihlezi ishintsha ngokungeza izinsiza ezintsha ze-e. Kusukela entwasahlobo yalo nyaka, isibonelo, abazali bomntwana osanda kuzalwa akudingeki benze lutho ukuze bambhalise njengesakhamuzi esisha - bangangeni ohlelweni, noma bagcwalise amafomu e-inthanethi, noma baqinisekise noma yini nge-EDS. . Inzalo yabo ifakwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kurejista yabantu futhi bathola i-imeyili yokwamukela isakhamuzi esisha.

Marten Kajevac, esinye seziphathimandla ezibaluleke kakhulu zokwenza ama-digital, siphinde sigcizelela ukuthi umgomo kahulumeni wase-Estonia uwukwenza uhlelo oluzosekela izakhamuzi ngaphandle kokuzithiya ngokungadingekile. Njengoba echaza, ukusebenza kwesikhathi esizayo kwalesi "simo esingabonakali" kungase, isibonelo, kufane nokuthi lapho kuzalwa i-Estonian entsha, akukho mzali okufanele "ahlele noma yini" - akukho ikhefu lokubeletha, akukho izinzuzo zomphakathi ezivela kumasipala, akukho ndawo. enkulisa noma enkulisa.enkulisa. Konke lokhu kufanele "kwenzeka" ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele.

Ukwethembana kudlala indima enkulu ekwakheni izwe elinjalo ledijithali, elingelona i-bureaucratic. Abantu base-Estonia bazizwa bengcono kakhulu ngezwe labo kunabantu abaningi emhlabeni, nakuba izinhlelo zabo zingaphansi kwemisebenzi yangaphandle, ikakhulukazi evela eRussia.

Isipiliyoni esibi se-cyberattack enkulu abahlangabezane nayo ngo-2007 mhlawumbe iyinkumbulo ehlukumezayo, kodwa futhi yisifundo abafunde lukhulu kuso. Ngemuva kokuthi sebethuthukise izindlela zokuphepha nezindlela zokuvikela ezidijithali, abasasabi kangako ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-inthanethi.

Ababesabi nohulumeni wabo njengeminye imiphakathi eminingi, noma kunjalo uNkulunkulu ubagcina eqaphile. Izakhamizi zase-Estonia zingahlala ziqapha idatha yazo ku-inthanethi futhi zihlole ukuthi ziyafinyelela futhi kanjani ezikhungweni zikahulumeni noma izinkampani ezizimele.

UBlockchain ubukele i-Estonia

I-axis yesistimu ye-e-estonia (2) isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile i-X-Road, isistimu yokushintshisana ngolwazi ehlukaniselwe indawo exhumanisa izizindalwazi ezihlukahlukene. Lo mgogodla womphakathi wesistimu yedijithali yase-Estonia utholakala vimba () ibizwa KSI, leyo . Lolu chungechunge ngezinye izikhathi lusetshenziswa ezinye izinhlangano ezifana noMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-US.

- kusho abamele iziphathimandla zase-Estonia. -

Ukusetshenziswa kweleja esabalalisiwe engakwazi ukususwa noma ukuhlelwa kuwukhiye wokuphumelela kwesistimu ye-X-Road. Lokhu kunikeza izakhamizi zase-Estonia ukulawula okwengeziwe kudatha yazo, kuyilapho kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kweziphathimandla ezimaphakathi.

Isibonelo, othisha bangafaka amamaki kurejista yomunye umuntu, kodwa abakwazi ukufinyelela amarekhodi abo okwelashwa ohlelweni. Izinqubo zokuhlunga eziqinile nemikhawulo zikhona. Uma othile ebuka noma emukela omunye umuntu ngaphandle kwemvume, angase abekwe icala ngaphansi komthetho wase-Estonia. Lokhu kuyasebenza nasezikhulwini zikahulumeni.

Kunoma yikuphi, leyo esetshenziswa e-Estonia ibhekwa ochwepheshe abaningi njengombono omuhle wokulwa ne-bureaucracy. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-blockchain ebethelwe kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwenqubo yokusabalalisa.

impumelelo, isibonelo sheshisa ukuqoqwa kwemibhalo kusukela enanini elikhulu lama-ejensi kahulumeni angenazo izinhlelo ezihambisanayo noma ubudlelwano obuseduze benhlangano. Ungase ukuthande lokhu thuthukisa izinqubo ze-siled ne-cumbersomenjengokunikwa kwelayisensi nokubhaliswa. Ukushintshisana ngolwazi phakathi kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni kanye nemboni ezimele - ezinkonzweni zokweseka, izinkokhelo zomshwalense, ucwaningo lwezokwelapha noma ukumela, emisebenzini yezizwe ngezizwe - ithuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yezinsizakalo zezakhamizi.

Udadewabo wezikhulu, mubi kakhulu kunentokazi engazali ephethe amadeski namaphepha, inkohlakalo. Sekuyisikhathi eside kwaziwa ukuthi i-blockchain nayo ingaba nomthelela ekunciphiseni kwayo. Inkontileka ehlakaniphile ejwayelekile ukucacauma emzonda ngokuphelele, khona-ke okungenani unciphisa kakhulu ikhono lokufihla ukuthengiselana okusolisayo.

Idatha yase-Estonia kusukela ekwindla edlule ibonisa ukuthi cishe u-100% wamakhadi omazisi kulelo zwe awudijithali, futhi amaphesenti afanayo akhishwa ngencwadi kadokotela. Ububanzi bezinsizakalo ezinikezwa inhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe nengqalasizinda yokhiye womphakathi () sebubanzi kakhulu. Amasevisi ayisisekelo afaka: ngiyavota - ivoti, isevisi yentela kagesi - kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala nehhovisi lentela, Ibhizinisi le-elekthronikhi - ezindabeni ezihlobene nokuqhutshwa kwebhizinisi, noma ithikithi le-e - ukuthengisa amathikithi. Abantu base-Estonia bangavota benoma yikuphi emhlabeni, basayine ngedijithali futhi bathumele ngokuvikelekile amadokhumenti, ukubuyiselwa kwentela yefayela, njll. Imali eyongiwe kusukela ekusebenziseni uhlelo ilinganiselwa kokuthi 2% CLC.

600 ukuqalisa VPs

Nokho, ochwepheshe abaningi baphawula ukuthi lokho okusebenzayo ezweni elincane, elihlelekile nelididiyelwe akudingekile ukuba kusebenze emazweni amakhulu njengePoland, ingasaphathwa eyemidondoshiya ehlukahlukene nenjenge-United States noma iNdiya.

Amazwe amaningi athatha amaphrojekthi kahulumeni wedijithali. Kokubili ePoland nasemhlabeni kukhona futhi abambalwa babo kulokhu. izinhlelo ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni. Isibonelo iphrojekthi (3), eyakhiwe cishe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule futhi ephathelene, ikakhulukazi, ukucinga izixazululo zezinkinga zobuchwepheshe nezokuxhumana ezihlobene nokusebenza kweziphathimandla namahhovisi.

Abanye "ochwepheshe" bangase baphikisane ngokuqiniseka okungaguquki ukuthi ukulawulwa kwe-bureaucracy akunakugwenywa futhi kuyadingeka ekusebenzeni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinhlangano eziyinkimbinkimbi ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Nokho, akunakuphikwa ukuthi ukukhula kwayo okukhulu emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule kuholele emiphumeleni emibi eqinile kuwo wonke umnotho.

Isibonelo, uGary Hamel noMichelle Zanini babhala ngakho esihlokweni esanyatheliswa ku-Harvard Business Review yangonyaka odlule. Babika ukuthi phakathi kuka-1948 no-2004, ukukhiqizwa kwemisebenzi okungezona ezezimali e-U.S. kukhuphuke ngesilinganiso esingu-2,5% ngonyaka, kodwa kamuva kwaba nesilinganiso esingu-1,1% kuphela. Ababhali bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu akuzenzekelanga. I-Bureocracy iba buhlungu ikakhulukazi ezinkampanini ezinkulu eziphethe umnotho wase-US. Njengamanje, ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabasebenzi base-US basebenza emabhizinisini aqashe abantu abangaphezu kwaba-5. ngokwesilinganiso kufika kumazinga ayisishiyagalombili okuphatha.

Iziqalo zaseMelika azikho ngaphansi kwe-bureaucracy, kodwa naphezu kwe-hype yabezindaba, azinakho ukubaluleka okukhulu kwezomnotho kuleli zwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba bekhula, nabo ngokwabo baba izisulu zeziphathimandla. Ababhali banikeza isibonelo senkampani ye-IT ekhula ngokushesha, lapho ukuthengiswa kwayo konyaka kufinyelela ku-$ 4 billion, yakwazi "ukukhula" amaphini omongameli angamakhulu ayisithupha. Njengesibonelo esiphikisayo, u-Hamel no-Zanini bachaza kabanzi ukusebenza komkhiqizi wezinto zikagesi zaseShayina kanye nezasekhaya i-Haier, egwema ukuphatha ngokuhlelekile nangokuphumelelayo. Abaphathi bakhe basebenzise izixazululo zenhlangano ezingajwayelekile kanye nesibopho esiphelele sawo wonke amashumi ezinkulungwane zabasebenzi ngqo ekhasimendeni.

Yebo, izikhundla zezikhulu ziyingxenye yezikhundla eziyingozi. i-automation eqhubekayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nezinye izingcweti, ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi asikuphathi ngokuzisola okuncane. Kusalindelekile ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izwe lethu lizofana ne-e-Estonia, futhi lingafani neRiphabhulikhi ye-bureaucratic ebambelele ezikhundleni zayo.