Ukushaya ikhwela enjinini ebandayo

Ikhwelo emakhazeni kungabangelwa izizathu ezilandelayo - ukushelela kwebhande lokushayela lamayunithi agibelekele, ukuncipha kwenani lokuthambisa kumabheringi ngamanye noma ama-roller wezakhi zeyunithi yamandla. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezingavamile kakhulu, isibonelo, ukungcola okungena emifudlaneni ye-generator pulley. Ngokuvamile, ukuqeda ikhwela injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ebandayo, kwanele ukwenza ezinye izinto ezikhohlisayo, kunokuthenga ibhande noma i-roller entsha.

Kungani kuzwakala umlozi kumakhaza

Kukhona izizathu ezine eziyinhloko, ngenxa yokuthi ikhwela livela ngesikhathi sokuqala kwamakhaza. Zicabange ngokulandelana ukusuka kokujwayelekile kuya kokuthi "exotic".

Inkinga yebhande le-alternator

Isizathu esivame kakhulu esenza kuzwakale ikhwela uma kuqaliswa injini evuthayo emakhazeni siwukuthi ibhande le-alternator lishibilika enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto. Ngokulandelayo, lokhu kungabangelwa esinye sezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ukungezwani kwebhande okubuthakathaka. Ngokuvamile, ibhande le-alternator alinawo amazinyo, njengebhande lesikhathi, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kwayo okuhambisanayo ne-pulley kuqinisekiswa kuphela ukungezwani okwanele. Lapho amandla ahambisanayo ebuthakathaka, isimo siphakama lapho i-pulley ye-generator ijikeleza ngesivinini esithile se-angular, kodwa ibhande elikulo liyashelela futhi "alihambisani" nalo. Lokhu kudala ukungqubuzana phakathi kwendawo engaphakathi yebhande kanye nengaphandle le-pulley, okuvame ukuphumela emisindweni yokushaya ikhwela. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ngokungezwani okubuthakathaka, ikhwelo lingenzeka hhayi kuphela lapho uqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, kodwa futhi nokwanda okubukhali kwejubane lenjini, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi sokugeleza kwegesi. Uma kunjalo, hlola ukushuba kwebhande.
• Ukugqokwa kwamabhande. Njenganoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yemoto, ibhande alternator kancane kancane iguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okungukuthi, iraba yayo iba buthuntu, futhi ngokufanele, ibhande ngokwalo ulahlekelwa nokunwebeka. Lokhu ngokwemvelo kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi, ngisho nokushuba okufanele, ayikwazi "ukuxhuma" ku-pulley ukuze idlulise i-torque. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa aphansi, lapho irabha eyomile kakade nayo iba yiqhwa. Ngakho-ke, lapho uqalisa injini evuthayo yangaphakathi emakhazeni, kuzwakala ikhwela elifushane, elinyamalalayo njengoba injini nebhande le-alternator lifudumala.
• Ukubonakala kokungcola emifudlaneni ye-alternator pulley. Ngokuvamile, ikhwelo ngaphansi kwe-hood kumakhaza ayiveli ngenxa yesizathu esihlobene ngokuqondile nebhande, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ukungcola kuqoqa emifudlaneni ye-pulley ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ibhande lishelele endaweni yalo yokusebenza, futhi lihambisana nemisindo yokushaya amakhwela.

Indlela yokuqeda ikhwela lebhande le-alternator

Kungani ibhande le-alternator lishaya ikhwelo nokuthi lingabhekana kanjani nalo. Izizathu eziyisi-5 eziyisisekelo zokushaywa kwebhande lokunamathisela (ibhande le-alternator, ibhande lokuqondisa lamandla, iphampu, i-compressor air conditioning). Izimbangela zokushaywa kwebhande kanye namathiphu okuliqeda. Imininingwane eyengeziwe

 

Ukucabanga okufanayo kuyasebenza kwamanye amabhande asetshenziswa emotweni. okungukuthi, ibhande le-air conditioning kanye nebhande lokuqondisa lamandla. Uma ziyekwa isikhathi eside zingenzi lutho emazingeni okushisa abandayo, zingakwazi ukuminza futhi zenze imisindo yokushaya amakhwela zize zifudumale ngenxa yomsebenzi wazo. Ngokufanayo, bangashaya ikhwela ngenxa yokungezwani okubuthakathaka kanye / noma ngenxa yokugqoka kwabo okuqinile.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, esimweni sezulu esibandayo, amafutha ku-generator shaft bearing angajiya kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ukushelela kwebhande kungenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala, njengoba injini evuthayo yangaphakathi idinga ukusebenzisa amandla engeziwe ukuze ijikeleze umshini wokuphehla ugesi. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuba i-lubricant ithola ukungaguquguquki koketshezi, ibhande lihlehla, futhi, ngokufanele, imisindo yokushaya ikhwela, iyanyamalala.

futhi, ezimweni ezingavamile, ibhande lingase lishaye ikhwela futhi lishelele ngenxa yokuthi umswakama uyancipha endaweni yawo yangaphakathi (eduze nama-pulleys okushayela). Isibonelo, lapho imoto ipakwe isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwezimo zomswakama ophezulu kakhulu (esikhungweni sokugeza izimoto, esimweni sezulu esishisayo solwandle). Kulokhu, ngemva kokuqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, umswakama uzohwamuka ngokwemvelo futhi ikhwela liyonyamalala.

Njengomswakama, uketshezi lwezinqubo ezihlukahlukene lungangena ebhandeni. Isibonelo, amafutha, i-antifreeze, i-brake fluid. Kulokhu, ubude bekhwela buzoxhomeka ekutheni kungakanani uketshezi olutholakala ebhandeni, nokuthi luzosuswa ngokushesha kangakanani ebusweni balo. Kulokhu, ngaphezu kokuhlola isimo sebhande nokungezwani kwalo, kubalulekile ukuxilonga ukuthi kungani lokhu noma lelo ketshezi lingena ebhandeni. Futhi wenze ukulungisa okufanele. Zizoncika kumbangela.

I-Idle roller egugile

Emishinini efakwe i-tension roller, nguye ongaba umthombo wekhwela "elibandayo". okungukuthi, i-roller bear, ehluleka kancane kancane. ingaphinda futhi ishaye ikhwela noma iqhume ngesivinini esithile senjini. Ukuxilongwa kwamarola kufanele kuqale ngokubheka ukushuba kwesimo. Ngokuvamile, i-roller iqala ukushaya ikhwela lapho ibhande lokushayela noma ibhande lesikhathi lingaphansi- noma, ngokuphambene, licindezeleke kakhulu. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukuqinisa ngokweqile ibhande kuyingozi kuma-bearings ama-roller nama-pulleys ahlanganiswe ibhande elicacisiwe.

futhi udinga ukuhlola isimo sayo esijwayelekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukudiliza i-roller esihlalweni sayo. ngokulandelayo udinga ukuhlola ukuguga kwayo kanye nokukhululeka kokujikeleza kokuthwala. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlola i-roller (i-bearing) yokudlala, nasezindizeni ezahlukene. Kanye nokuxilongwa kwe-roller, udinga ukuhlola isimo samabhande.

Ukuhluleka kwephampu yamanzi

Iphampu, noma elinye igama lephampu yamanzi, nayo ingenza ikhwela uma injini ibanda. Kwezinye izimoto ezindala, iphampu ishayelwa ibhande elengeziwe elisuka ku-crankshaft pulley. Ezimotweni zesimanje, iphotha ne-timing belt. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile ezimotweni ezindala, ibhande le-pump drive lingakwazi futhi ukwelula nokushelela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umthombo owengeziwe wemisindo engathandeki ungaba i-pulley yepompo egugile. Ibhande lizoshelela phezu kwalo bese lishaya ikhwela.

Ngokuvamile, lapho ibhande lishisa, ikhwelo liyanyamalala, ngoba uma ibhande linganwetshiwe kakhulu, liyeka ukushelela futhi, ngokufanele, imisindo yokukhala izohamba njengoba iyunithi yamandla ishisa.

Ngokufanayo, njengejeneretha, igrisi ethwalayo ingajiya empompini yamanzi, noma igeze ngokuphelele nge-antifreeze emgodini wayo osebenzayo. Kulokhu, kuzoba nekhwela elincane uma kuqaliswa injini evuthayo yangaphakathi kubanda. Kodwa-ke, uma kungekho lubrication nhlobo, khona-ke imisindo yokushaya ikhwela ngokuvamile izozwakala hhayi emakhazeni kuphela, kodwa futhi ngenkathi imoto ihamba emgwaqweni.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi uma ikhwela livela njalo, futhi hhayi kuphela "kumakhaza", khona-ke kukhona amathuba aphezulu okuhluleka kwama-generator, i-pump, kanye nezakhi zomoya. Ngakho-ke, kulokhu, ama-bearings nawo kufanele ahlolwe.

Ngaphandle kwezizathu ezinjalo ezicacile nezichazekayo zekhwelo ngaphansi kwe-hood endaweni ebandayo, kungase kube nokungahambisani ngokuphelele nokusebenza kwebhande kanye nezinqubo ezijikelezayo. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, lapho ufudumeza injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ku-VAZ izimoto (okungukuthi, i-Lada Granta), kungase kube necala elingavamile njenge-resonance ye-crankshaft position sensor. Ngakho-ke, inzwa (efushanisiwe njenge-DPKV) ikhipha umsindo we-high-frequency squeaking phakathi kwezingxenye zayo zangaphakathi, kanye nomzimba wenjini. Lokhu kungenxa yokwakheka kwenzwa.

Ungayiqeda kanjani ikhwela uma uqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi

Izindlela zokuqeda zizoncika kuyona kanye imbangela yempempe lapho uqala injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ebandayo. Ngakho ungase udinge:

1. Adonse ibhande.
2. Hlanza imifudlana ku-crankshaft pulley noma i-generator.
3. Faka esikhundleni ingxenye ehlulekile, okungenzeka kube yipompo, i-roller, i-bearing.
4. buyisela ihhanisi.

Njengoba, ngokusho kwezibalo, ibhande le-alternator livame "icala", ukuxilongwa kufanele kuqalwe ngakho. Kunconywa ukwenza isheke elifanele njalo nge-15 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20 noma ngaphezulu. Ngokuvamile, i-V-belt isetshenziselwa i-generator. Lapho uhlola, udinga ukunaka ukuba khona kwemifantu endaweni yayo yangaphakathi (imifudlana) lapho ibhande ligobile. Uma kukhona imifantu, ibhande lidinga ukushintshwa. Ibanga elilinganiselwe lemoto elinconyiwe lokushintsha ibhande le-alternator licishe libe ngama-40 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi impilo yebhande elithile iphinde ithinteke ukushuba kwalo.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi ukungezwani kwebhande kukhululiwe, kufanele kuqiniswe. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa irola efanele noma ibhawodi yokulungisa (kuye ngokuthi umklamo wemoto ethile kanye nenjini yayo evuthayo yangaphakathi). Uma indlela yokucindezela inganikezwanga, khona-ke kulokhu kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni sebhande eleluliwe ngelisha.

ukuze unqume ukuthi ibhande noma i-roller ishaya ikhwela, njengoba imisindo abayenzayo ifana kakhulu komunye nomunye, ungasebenzisa ama-aerosol akhethekile okuzivikela - izithambisa zenjoloba. Imvamisa, lokhu kusetshenziselwa ama-conditioner amabhande, i-silicone grease engavamile noma ikhambi elidumile le-WD-40. okungukuthi, kuyadingeka ukufafaza i-aerosol eshiwo endaweni yangaphandle yebhande. Uma igqokile, yeluliwe futhi / noma yomile kakhulu, isilinganiso esinjalo sesikhashana sizovumela isikhashana ukuqeda ikhwela.

Ngakho-ke, uma ikhambi lisiza, kusho ukuthi ibhande eligugile "liyicala" lemisindo engathandeki. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi isilinganiso esibonisiwe asizange sisize, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi i-roller inecala, okungukuthi, ukuthwala kwayo. Ngokufanelekile, ukuqinisekiswa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.

Lapho uqinisa ibhande elidala noma uqinisa ibhande elisha, awudingi ukushiseka kakhulu futhi ubeke amandla aphezulu kakhulu. Uma kungenjalo, umthwalo wokuthwala i-generator kanye ne-tension roller izokwanda, okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwabo ngokushesha.

Abanye abashayeli, esikhundleni sokushintsha amabhande abonisiwe (kokubili i-air conditioner kanye ne-generator), sebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile - izithambisa zenjoloba noma izithuthukisi ze-friction (kukhona i-rosin ekubunjweni). Nokho, njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, amathuluzi anjalo angasetshenziswa kuphela njengesixazululo sesikhashana senkinga. Uma ibhande linamamayela abalulekile, kungcono ukulishintsha libe elisha.

Uma uhlola ibhande, qaphela imigodi yama-pulleys. Ungabi nobuvila kakhulu ukususa ibhande futhi uhambe eduze kwe-HF pulley kanye nejeneretha ngebhulashi lensimbi, kanye nesicoci se-brake ukuze ugeze konke ukungcola.

Uma kuvela ukuthi kwakungelona ibhande elalishaya ikhwela, kodwa i-roller, kwakufanelekile ukuyishintsha. Lapho i-squeak ivela kuma-bearings wepompo noma i-clutch overrunning ye-generator, ingxenye nayo ingaphansi kokushintshwa.

Kodwa uma i-squeak ikhishwa yi-DPKV e-resonant, njengoba kwenzeka kumaFrets, khona-ke kwanele ukubeka i-gasket encane ngaphansi kwayo ngokuhambisana nobukhulu benzwa. Ngakho-ke, ukusika i-gasket encane ye-foil, uyifake phakathi kwayo nendlu yangaphakathi yenjini yomlilo. Kuye ngobukhulu begebe, i-gasket izoba nezingqimba ezintathu kuya kwezine ze-foil. umsebenzi oyisisekelo we-gasket ukuhlinzeka ngamandla omshini kunzwa kusukela phezulu kuya phansi.

Lapho wenza umsebenzi ofanayo kwezinye izimoto, ubukhulu be-gasket kanye nendawo yokufaka yayo kungase kuhluke. Ukuze uthole ukuthi i-gasket kufanele ifakwe kuphi, udinga ukucindezela ngokuzenzakalelayo indawo yenzwa ye-crankshaft ngesithupha sakho. Okusho ukuthi, ungacindezela kokubili kusuka phezulu kuya phansi, futhi kusukela phansi kuya phezulu, noma emaceleni. Ngakho-ke, ungathola indawo lapho umsindo uzonyamalala khona ngokuphelele noma uthule kakhulu.