Ama-hydraulic lifter angqongqoza ekushiseni

Kaningi ama-hydraulic lifters angqongqoza ekushiseni ngenxa yekhwalithi ephansi noma uwoyela wenjini endala, isihlungi sikawoyela esivalekile, ukusebenza kabi kwepompo likawoyela, uwoyela onganele, noma ukwehluleka kwemishini. Ngakho-ke, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe lapho bengqongqoza ukuhlola izinga nesimo samafutha enjini enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, kanye nesihlungi sikawoyela. Isihlungi esinesici noma esivalekile siphazamisa ukuhamba kwe-lubricant eziteshini zikawoyela.

Imvamisa, ama-hydraulic lifters (ama-colloquially - hydraulics) aqale aqale angqongqoze "ashisayo". Uma ama-hydraulics ehlanganisiwe noma iziteshi zikawoyela zivaliwe kuzo, khona-ke zizoqala ukungqongqoza ngokushesha, futhi ngemva kokufudumala, umsindo ungase unciphise, njengoba ungatholi ukugcoba ngenani elifanele. Kulokhu, ukushintshwa kwabo kuphela kuzosiza. Kodwa, lapho ukungqongqoza kwenzeka imizuzu embalwa ngemva kokuqala nokufudumala injini, inkinga ingaxazululwa kalula uma imbangela ingekho empompini yamafutha.

Izimpawu zokushayisa iziphakamisi ezidonsa amanzi lapho kushisa

Kubaluleke kakhulu kumuntu othanda imoto ukuthi azi ukuthi aqonde kanjani ukuthi kungqongqoza isiphakamisi esisodwa noma ngaphezulu esinama-hydraulic. Phela, ukungqongqoza kwakhe kungadideka kalula neminye imisindo uma kwenzeka kuba nezinkinga ngephinikhodi, i-crankshaft liners, i-camshaft noma ezinye izingxenye ngaphakathi kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi.

Ukungqongqoza kwama-hydraulic lifters lapho kushisa kungatholwa ngokuvula ihood. Imisindo izoqala ukuvela ngaphansi kwekhava yevalvu. Ithoni yomsindo icacile, isici somthelela wezingxenye zensimbi ngokumelene nomunye. Abanye bawuqhathanisa nomsindo owenziwa intethe. Kuyini isici - ukungqongqoza kusuka kuzinxephezelo ezinephutha kwenzeka ngokuphindwe kabili kunemvamisa yokuguquguquka kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngokunjalo, ngokwenyuka noma ukwehla kwejubane lenjini, umsindo ongqongqozayo ovela kumahydraulics uzoziphatha ngendlela efanele. Ngaphansi kokukhishwa kwegesi, imisindo izozwakala, njengokungathi ama-valve akho awalungiswanga.

Izimbangela zokungqongqoza kwama-hydraulic lifter lapho kushisa

Ezimweni eziningi, kungase kube nesizathu esisodwa kwezimbili, yingakho ama-hydraulic lifters engqongqoza kulokhu okushisayo - i-viscosity yamafutha afudumele iphansi kakhulu noma ingcindezi yawo ayanele. Lokhu kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene.

• Izinga lamafutha aphansi. Lesi yisizathu esivame kakhulu esenza ukuthi iziphakamisi ezisebenza ngama-hydraulic zingqongqoze zishise. Uma kungekho uketshezi olwanele lokugcoba ku-crankcase, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi iziphakamisi ze-hydraulic zizosebenza "zomile", ngaphandle kwamafutha, futhi, ngokufanele, zizongqongqoza. Kodwa-ke, ukuchichima kukawoyela nakho kuyingozi kuma-hydraulic lifters. Kulokhu, kuvela amagwebu e-lubricating fluid, okuholela ekuvuthweni kwesistimu, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenza okungalungile kwe-compensators ye-hydraulic.
• Isihlungi sikawoyela esivalekile. Uma lesi sici singashintshwanga isikhathi eside, khona-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukumbozwa kwamafomu okungcola kuwo, okuvimbela ukunyakaza okujwayelekile kwamafutha ngesistimu.
• i-viscosity ekhethwe ngokungalungile. Ngokuvamile abashayeli banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi kungani ama-hydraulic lifters engqongqoza ekushiseni ngemuva kokushintshwa kukawoyela. Ezimweni eziningi, inkinga ingenxa nje ye-viscosity ekhethiwe ngokungalungile yamafutha, noma kuvele ukuthi ikhwalithi embi. Ayikho into efana nokuthi abaphakamisi be-hydraulic bathanda uhlobo oluthile lwamafutha, kanti abanye abakwenzi, udinga nje ukukhetha ngendlela efanele. Uma amafutha amancane kakhulu, khona-ke kungase kungabi khona ingcindezi eyanele yokugcwalisa ngokuphelele i-hydraulic. Futhi uma ingesezingeni eliphansi, ivele ilahlekelwe izici zayo zokusebenza ngokushesha. Ukushintsha amafutha kuzosiza ukuxazulula inkinga, futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi kanye namafutha, udinga ukushintsha isihlungi samafutha.
• iphampu kawoyela engalungile. ngokuvamile lesi sizathu sijwayelekile ezimotweni ezinamamayela aphezulu, lapho iphampu imane iguge futhi ayikwazi ukudala ingcindezi efanele ohlelweni lokuthambisa lwe-ICE.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo zamafutha. Izithasiselo eziningi zikawoyela zenza imisebenzi emibili - zishintsha i-viscosity yamafutha (zinciphise noma zikhulise), futhi zishintshe nombuso wokushisa wamafutha. Esimweni sokuqala, uma isithasiselo sehlise i-viscosity kawoyela, futhi ama-hydraulic lifters asevele aguge ngokwanele, izimo ziyavela lapho ama-hydraulic engqongqoza enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngokuqondene nombuso wokushisa, uwoyela usebenza ngokunembile "ukushisa", futhi isengezo singashintsha lesi sakhiwo. Kanjalo, ngemva kokuthela isithasiselo emafutheni, iziphakamisi ezidonsa amanzi zingakwazi ukungqongqoza lapho kungekho ngcindezi eyanele yokuphusha uwoyela kuzo. Ngokuvamile ngenxa yamafutha amancane kakhulu.
• Izinkinga kupheya ye-plunger. Ngokuphuka okunjalo, uwoyela ugeleza uphume emgodini ngaphansi kwe-plunger, okungukuthi phakathi komkhono we-plunger kanye ne-plunger ngokwayo. Ngenxa yalokho, isinxephezelo se-hydraulic asinaso isikhathi sokukhetha igebe lokusebenza. Lokhu kwehluleka kungenzeka ngenxa yokuguga noma ukuvinjwa. i-valve yebhola ku-plunger pair. Ibhola ngokwalo, intwasahlobo, indawo yokusebenza (isiteshi) ingase iguge. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke kuphela ukushintshwa kwama-hydraulic lifters kuzosiza.

Okufanele ukwenze uma iziphakamisi ezidonsa amanzi zingqongqoza kushisa

Ukuqeda ukungqongqoza kuzosiza kuphela ukuthola nokuqeda imbangela yako. Okuzokwenzeka ngokulandelayo kuzoncika esimweni.

Okokuqala, udinga hlola izinga lamafutha ku-crankcase. Kuzoncika kuyo ukuthi izojikeleza kanjani emiseleni kawoyela. futhi kufanelekile ukuqiniseka umfutho wamafutha owanelenoma isibani samafutha singakhanyiswa.

Izinga elingalungile kanye nokucindezela kukawoyela wenjini ngeke kuthinte ukusebenza kweziphakamisi ze-hydraulic kuphela, kodwa nokusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi iyonke!

Injini ngayinye evuthayo yangaphakathi inokucindezela kwayo kawoyela osebenzayo futhi incike ekwakhiweni kwayo (okuzocaciswa emibhalweni), noma kunjalo, kukholelwa ukuthi lapho ingenzi lutho ingcindezi kufanele ibe ngu-1,6 ... 2,0 bar. Ngesivinini esikhulu - kufika ku-5 ... 7 ibha. Uma kungekho ukucindezela okunjalo, udinga ukuhlola iphampu yamafutha. Kungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlanjululwa kwamafutha, ukusebenza kwawo kuyehla. Ngokuvamile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ingcindezi, sona kanye isizathu asiqedwa, lapho ama-hydraulic engqongqoza ekushiseni, abashayeli bagcwalisa uwoyela omkhulu uma beshintsha. Kodwa akufanele ukwenze ngokweqile ngalokhu, ngoba uwoyela awugqinsi kunzima ukupompa ngohlelo. Yini engabangela indlala kawoyela?

Ngaphezu kwalokho, akufanelekile ukusheshisa ngesinqumo sepompo ngokwayo. ukwehluleka kwephampu kawoyela kungabangelwa izizathu ezihlukahlukene - ukuguga kwezingxenye, ukuphuka kwe-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi, ukuguga kwezindawo zokusebenza zezingxenye, nokusebenza kwayo kungase konakalise ngokuvaleka okuyisisekelo kwemeshi esamukela uwoyela. Ungabona uma kukhona ukungcola kugridi ngokukhipha i-pan. Kodwa, ngisho nomsebenzi onjalo, akufanele ugijime. Ingangcoliswa kuphela uma isimo sikawoyela singesihle noma ukuhlanzwa okungaphumelelanga kwesistimu kawoyela kwenziwe.

Hlola isimo samafutha. Ngisho noma uyishintsha ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo, ingase ingasebenziseki ngaphambi kwesikhathi esimisiwe (ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zokusebenza kwemoto, noma kubanjwe umgunyathi). Uma kutholwa i-plaque ne-slag, ngokuvamile akucaci ukuthi yini okufanele yenziwe uma iziphakamisi ezisebenza ngogesi zingqongqoza kushisa. Kutuswa ukuhlanza uhlelo lwamafutha, ngoba, cishe, iziteshi zamafutha zingavaleka. ukuze uhlole ukuthi isiphi isimo amafutha, kwanele ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuncane kokudonsa.

Imvamisa, inkinga ixazululwa ngokwesisekelo - vele ushintshe isihlungi samafutha namafutha. Noma sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha iziphakamisi ze-hydraulic.

Ungawabheka kanjani ama-hydraulic lifters

Ungahlola ama-hydraulic lifter usebenzisa enye yezindlela ezintathu:

1. Ngosizo lwe-stethoscope yemishini. Nokho, le ndlela kufanelekile kuphela abashayeli abanolwazi abakwazi "ukulalela" injini amandla omlilo yangaphakathi. Ngokuwusebenzisa ezindaweni ezihlukene zendawo yeziphakamisi ezidonsa amanzi, ungakwazi ukuqhathanisa imisindo evela lapho.
2. Ngama-test probes. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ama-probes okulawula akhethekile anobukhulu obungu-0,1 kuya ku-0,5 mm. Ngakho-ke, enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, usebenzisa ama-probes, udinga ukuhlola ibanga phakathi kwesinxephezelo se-hydraulic nekhamera. Uma ibanga elihambisanayo likhulu kuno-0,5 mm noma ngaphansi kuka-0,1 mm, khona-ke i-hydraulic ehloliwe ayifanelekile futhi kufanele ishintshwe.
3. Indlela yokuhlehlisa. Lena indlela yokuqinisekisa elula nejwayeleke kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukuze isetshenziswe, iziphakamisi ze-hydraulic kufanele zikhishwe enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuzama ukucindezela induku ephakathi yesinxephezelo ngaphakathi ngebha yokhuni noma i-screwdriver. Uma isinxephezelo sisesimweni esihle futhi sisesimweni esivamile noma esivamile, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzokwenzeka ukuthi umane usiphushe ngomunwe. Ngokuphambene, isiqu sesinxephezelo esinephutha sizowela kalula ngaphakathi.

Indlela yokugcina yokuqinisekisa nayo ingenziwa ngaphandle kokukhipha ama-hydraulics enjini yangaphakathi yomlilo, noma kunjalo, lokhu ngeke kube lula ukwenza futhi umphumela ngeke ube sobala kangako. Ngokuvamile iziphakamisi ezingama-hydraulic ezihlulekile zithathelwa indawo ezintsha, kodwa ezimweni ezingavamile ungazama ukuzibuyisela ngokuyishayela. enye inketho ukuhlanza nokulungisa isinxephezelo se-hydraulic. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukulungisa nokuhlanza ama-hydraulic akuvamile ukusiza, kodwa kusafanele ukuzama ukukubuyisela. Uma unquma ukushintsha, kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni sesethi yonke, ngaphandle kwalokho isimo sizoziphinda maduzane, kodwa namanye ama-hydraulics.

Uma ushayela nge-knocking hydraulic lifters izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu, khona-ke lapho ususa ikhava ye-valve, kungenzeka ukuthi kuzoba nama-burrs avela kuma-rocker (izingalo ze-rocker) "kumbhede" we-camshaft ngokwawo, kusukela ngezansi. Ngakho-ke, kukuwe ukuthi unqume ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukushayela ngomsindo wama-hydraulic lifters.

isiphetho

Into yokuqala okumele uyenze uma uzwa umsindo weziphakamisi ezidonsa amanzi ukuhlola izinga nesimo samafutha enjini. Futhi hlola isihlungi samafutha. Ngokuvamile, ukuguqulwa kwamafutha okuhambisana nesihlungi kusindisa ekungqongqozeni, futhi okungcono kakhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwamafutha ashisayo. Uma ukuguqulwa kwamafutha kungazange kusize, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi inkinga ikhona kupompo yamafutha, noma kuma-compensator ngokwabo.