Edubula isithuli

Dubula i-muffler can emishinini ene-carburetor ne-injection ICE. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokumangalisayo, i-muffler ngokwayo ayihlangene nayo. Iwumthombo womsindo kuphela, futhi izizathu zokuvela kwemisindo ephezulu zilele ezingxenyeni ezihluke ngokuphelele zemoto.

Imvamisa, izimbangela zama-pops ku-muffler ziyi ukuwohloka kwesistimu yokushisa, ukunikezwa kwamafutha noma uhlelo lokusabalalisa igesi. Okulandelayo, sizobona ukuthi singayiqeda kanjani inkinga lapho idubula ipayipi le-exhaust, futhi yini okokuqala okudingeka uyinake uma kwenzeka "ukuqhuma".

Kungani edubula i-muffler

isizathu esiyisisekelo sokuthi injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ivutha ku-silencer uphethiloli ongashile, eyangena exhaust system yavutha kuwo. Uma kuphuma uphethiloli omningi, i-pop izoba phezulu kakhulu, futhi kwezinye izimo kungase kube nochungechunge lonke "lokudubula". Ngokulandelayo, uphethiloli ungangena ohlelweni lwe-exhaust ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Lokhu kungaba ukuwohloka kwe-carburetor, isikhathi, uhlelo lokuthungela, izinzwa ezihlukahlukene (emishini yokujova) njalonjalo.

Isimo lapho sidubula epayipini lokukhipha singenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene. Isibonelo, lapho uphefumula, ngesivinini esingenzi lutho senjini evuthayo yangaphakathi noma lapho ukhipha igesi. ngokuvamile, lapho iphuma, ikhishwa epayipini lokuqeda intuthu eningi. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kuphinde kuhambisane nezimpawu ezengeziwe - ukulahlekelwa amandla e-ICE, ukungenzi lutho okuntantayo, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Sizohlaziya ukuze sihlaziye izizathu zokuthi kungani idubula isithuli, kanye nezindlela zokuqeda ukuqhekeka.

Isihlungi somoya esivalekile

Izihlungi zomoya

Esinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani kukhona ushaya izandla umzwilili, ingxube kaphethiloli eyakhiwe ngokungalungile. Ukuyidala, udinga uphethiloli kanye nenani elithile lomoya. Ingena enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngohlelo oluqukethe isihlungi somoya endaweni yokungena. Uma ivalekile, ayivumeli umoya owanele ukuba udlule ngokwayo, ngakho-ke uhlobo "lwendlala ye-oxygen" yenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi iyatholakala. Ngenxa yalokho, uphethiloli ayishi ngokuphelele, kanti enye igeleza ingene eqoqweni bese ingena exhaust system. Lapho, uphethiloli uyashisa futhi uyaqhuma. Ngenxa yalokhu, uhlobo lukakotini lutholakala ku-muffler.

Ukuqeda imbangela yalesi simo kulula. isidingo hlola isimo sesihlungi somoya bese uyibuyisela uma kunesidingo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma ungazange uguqule isihlungi isikhathi eside, futhi ngokuvumelana nemithethonqubo, inqubo enjalo isivele idinga ukwenziwa. Lena inkinga elula, kungani idubula isithulisi. Siqhubekela phambili.

Ayishuniwe i-carburetor

imoto carburetor

Ngokuvamile isizathu sokuthi injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ivutha ku-muffler i-carburetor engalungiswanga kahle. Umsebenzi wawo ukwakha ingxube ye-fuel-air, ebese ifakwa enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Uma isethwe ukuze ingxube igcwaliswe nge-petroli, isimo esifana nalesi esichazwe ngenhla senziwa. Indlela yokuphuma lapha ukuhlola nokulungisa "i-carb".

Isinyathelo sokuqala uku hlola izinga likaphethiloli ekamelweni lapho okuntanta khona kunwetshiwe. noma iyiphi i-carburetor ilungiswa ngayinye futhi inezinga layo. Kodwa-ke, uma ikhava yayo isusiwe, khona-ke i-float kufanele iguqe ngezinga lesembozo. Uma kungenjalo, lungisa izinga. futhi kufanele hlola ubuqotho be-float. Uma yonakalisiwe, khona-ke uphethiloli ungangena kuwo, okuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ubonisa ngokungalungile izinga.

Isizathu sokuthi i-carburetor idubula ku-muffler kungase kube amajethi. Akhiwe ngendlela engalungile noma avaleleke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma i-air jet inganikezi umoya owanele, khona-ke kukhona i-supersaturation yengxube ngophethiloli nomphumela ochazwe ngenhla. Ngokuvamile ukuwohloka okunjalo kubonakala lapho injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ishintsha isuka kokungenzi lutho iye kwanda, noma ngokukhuphuka okubukhali kwejubane (ukusheshisa). udinga ukuhlola isimo samajethi futhi, uma kunesidingo, uwahlanze.

Isilinganiso somoya/samafutha	Incazelo	Amazwana
6/1 - 7/1	Ingxube ecebile kakhulu. Iziphazamiso zokubasa.	Ingxube ecebile. Ukuvutha isikhathi eside, izinga lokushisa eliphansi.
7/1 - 12/1	Ingxube ecetshiswe kabusha.
12/1 - 13/1	Ingxube ecebile. Amandla aphezulu.
13/1 - 14,7/1	Ingxube ecebile kabi.	Ingxube evamile.
14,7/1	Isilinganiso esiphelele samakhemikhali.
14,7/1 - 16/1	Ingxube engenawo amandla.
16/1 - 18/1	Ingxube embi. Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu.	Ingxube embi. Ukuvutha okusheshayo, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
18/1 - 20/1	Ingxube embi kakhulu.
20/1 - 22/1	Ingxube ethambile kakhulu. Iziphazamiso zokubasa.

Isistimu yokubasa enesici

Futhi, isizathu esisodwa sokuthi uphethiloli awushisi ngokuphelele futhi ukuvela kwepayipi lokukhipha kuzwakala kungase kube ukushisa okusethiwe ngokungalungile. okungukuthi, uma ukuthungela kuphuzile, bese kuvela ku-muffler ngokungenzi lutho futhi isivinini esikhulu asinakugwemeka. Leli qiniso kulula kakhulu ukulichaza. Isimo senzeka lapho inhlansi ibonakala ngesikhathi lapho i-valve yokuhlinzeka isivele ivuleke ngokugcwele, ngenxa yalokho ingxenye yamafutha ayinaso isikhathi sokushisa, kodwa ingena ezinhlobonhlobo. KODWA uma ukuthungela "kusenesikhathi"bese "ukudubula" kuzoba kusihlungi somoya.

Ukuthungela sekwephuzile kungabangela hhayi kuphela ukuphuma ku-muffler, kodwa futhi nokuvutha kwe-valve yokuthatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ungaqinisi kakhulu ngokulungiswa kokushisa.

Ihlola ama-spark plug

futhi, inhlansi ebuthakathaka ingaba imbangela yokushiswa okungaphelele kukaphethiloli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kuwumphumela welinye lamaqiniso:

• Oxhumana nabo ababi ezintanjeni zamandla kagesi aphezulu. kudingeka zibuyekezwe futhi zihlanzwe uma kunesidingo. kufanele futhi uhlole ukungabikho kokungena ku-"mass".
• ukwephulwa komsebenzi wokusabalalisa... Kuyelulekwa futhi ukuhlola umsebenzi wayo.
• Ingasebenzi ngokwengxenye inhlansi plug. Uma okungenani eyodwa yazo isiqedile insiza yayo, lokhu kuthinta amandla enhlansi ewakhiphayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, akuwona wonke uphethiloli oshayo futhi. Hlola bese ushintsha ama-spark plug uma kudingeka.

Sebenzisa amakhandlela anesilinganiso sokukhanya esifanele. Lokhu kuzonikeza amandla enhlansi adingekayo futhi anele ukushisa wonke uphethiloli.

Igebe le-thermal elingalungile

Igebe elishisayo - leli yibanga lapho izingxenye ngazinye zenjini evuthayo zangaphakathi zikhuphuka ngevolumu lapho zishiswa. okungukuthi, iphakathi kwama-valve lifters kanye ne-camshaft lobes. igebe elishisayo elibekwe ngendlela engafanele kungesinye sezizathu okungenzeka ukuthi lidubula isithulisi.

Ubufakazi obungaqondile bokwenyuka kwegebe elishisayo bungase bukhule umsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo, kanye nokuncipha kwamandla ayo. Uma igebe liyancipha, lokhu kungaholela eqinisweni lokuthi amagesi azodubula embhobho wokukhipha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-valve engavaliwe ngokuphelele ivumela uphethiloli ukuba udlulele endaweni eningi, lapho ingena khona ohlelweni lwe-exhaust.

Ukuvunyelwa okushisayo kwama-valve ekhanda le-cylinder kungalungiswa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuqedwe le nkinga, kwanele ukulungisa ama-valve. Le nqubo ihlale yenziwa enjinini ebandayo.

Isikhathi esinephutha

ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi ngokuvamile kufana nezinkinga zokuthungela. okungukuthi, i-valve yokukhipha umoya iyavuleka ngesikhathi lapho uphethiloli nawo ungakasha. Ngakho-ke, ingena ohlelweni lokukhipha umoya, okuholela kuma-pop asevele ajwayelekile ku-muffler.

Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi

Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lwesikhathi:

• Isikhathi sokugqoka ibhande. Uphawu lwalokhu kwephuka ukubonakala kweminye imisindo yensimbi noma imisindo lapho injini evuthayo yangaphakathi isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi. Kulesi simo, udinga ukuvuselela ibhande futhi, uma kunesidingo, qinisa noma ubeke esikhundleni. Ungafunda ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu endabeni ehambisanayo.
• Ukugqokwa kwe-pulley enamazinyo. Kulokhu, udinga ukuyibuyisela.
• Ukuhluleka kwe-valve ingxenye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zimbozwa nge-soot (ikakhulukazi lapho zigcwalisa imoto ngophethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi), okuholela ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza komshini. Futhi ngenxa yokulengiswa kwama-valve springs, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ishisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuhlola ama-valve. Uma uthola ama-roughness amancane noma ukugoba ebusweni babo, khona-ke kulokhu, ukugaya kuyinqubo ephoqelekile. Uma imihuzuko ibalulekile, idinga ukupholishwa noma kushintshwe ama-valve.

Imvamisa, ngesikhathi esinephutha, kuvela ama-muffler lapho injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ifudunyezwa. Uma injini yomlilo yangaphakathi "ibanda", ayikho. Lobu futhi ubufakazi obungaqondile becala lesikhathi. Nokho, ukuze uthole ukucaciswa okunembile, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka.

Izinkinga ngezimoto ezijovwe

Ngokwezibalo, inkinga yokudubula ku-muffler ivame ukubhekana nabanikazi bezimoto ze-carburetor. Nokho, kungase kwenzeke nangemoto yomjovo. Nokho, izizathu zokushaya izandla zihlukile.

Emishinini enjalo, i-ECU ilawula ukusebenza kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngokusekelwe kulwazi oluvela kuzinzwa eziningi. Futhi uma omunye wabo enikeza ulwazi olungamanga, lokhu kuholela ekulawuleni okungalungile kwezimoto. Isibonelo, uma inzwa yokungenisa umoya inephutha, lokhu kuzoholela ekwakhekeni okungalungile kwengxube kaphethiloli. Kufanele futhi uhlole inzwa yokuma kwe-crankshaft. Uma inikeza ulwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwezinyo elilodwa, khona-ke lokhu kuzoholela ekusebenzeni okungalungile kwesistimu. Inzwa ye-throttle position, inzwa yehholo nezinye izakhi zingase "zihluleke".

Isinyathelo sokuqala okufanele usithathe yenza ukuhlola ngekhompyutha imoto yakho. Izobonisa ukuthi iyiphi inzwa noma ingxenye ye-ICE enezinkinga. Uma idubula isithulisi, kuyatuseka ukuthi uhlole umjovo usebenzisa i-computer diagnostics.

Izizathu ezengeziwe

Kukhona nezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani ipayipi le-exhaust lidubula. Lokhu kubandakanya:

• Shaya izandla ngesivinini senjini engenzi lutho kungenzeka ngezizathu ezimbili - ukwephulwa kokuqina komthamo wokudla, kanye nesistimu yokungenzi lutho evalekile.
• Uphethiloli wezinga eliphansi noma uphethiloli we-octane ophansi. Zama ukufaka uphethiloli eziteshini zikaphethiloli ezithenjwayo futhi usebenzise uphethiloli otuswe umenzi wemoto yakho.
• Izintambo ze-spark plug ezishintshiwe. Uma, lapho ushintsha noma ubheka amakhandlela, uxube izintambo ezixhunywe kuzo, lokhu kuzoba yimbangela engenzeka yama-pop. Kulesi simo, imoto ingase ingaqali futhi "idubule" ku-muffler.
• Uma imoto yakho inakho umnotho - hlola umsebenzi wakhe. Ngokuvamile ukuwohloka kwalesi nodi nakho kuyimbangela "yokudubula".
• ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini i-air damper. Hlola le nto futhi ulungise uma kudingeka.
• Esinye sezizathu lapho edubula isithuli lapho ukhipha igesi, kulele eqinisweni lokuthi ipayipi lokukhipha i-muffler ("ibhulukwe") ayiboshiwe kahle ku-exhaust eningi. Hlola ukuqina kokuxhumana, vala uma kunesidingo.
• futhi enye imbangela engaba yi-pop ukusebenza okuphezulu ama-injection kaphethiloli ("ukugeleza"). Banikeza uphethiloli omningi, ongenaso isikhathi sokushisa ngokuphelele, okuholela ekubukeni "kwesibhamu". Kukhona indlela elula yokuhlola. udinga ukuzama ukuqala ngesivinini esiphezulu senjini (nge-gas pedal depressed) (okuthiwa imodi yokuhlanza). Uma kuvela ama-pop ngalesi sikhathi, kusho ukuthi okungenani umbhobho owodwa uyavuza.
• Emishinini yokujova, ukushisa sekwephuzile futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ama-pop, kungabangelwa "ukukhathala" knock inzwa. Ingase futhi iphendule emsindweni ongaphandle okwenzeka enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ukusebenza kwenzwa kufanele kuhlolwe kusetshenziswa ukuxilongwa kwekhompyutha.
• Uma uma ukhulula igesi, idubula isithulisi, khona-ke esinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu zalokhu "ukushiswa" kwama-valve okukhipha. ama-pop angaphinde avele lapho wehla entabeni ngegiya. Wahlole futhi uwahlanze.
• Uma imoto yakho isebenzisa isistimu yokuthungela othintana naye, kuzomele uhlole igebe koxhumana nabo. Izinkinga zokuthungela, njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla, kungase kube isizathu sokuthi akuwona wonke uphethiloli oshiswayo.
• Ukuvuza kwesistimu yokukhipha igesi. Kulokhu, ama-pop angawodwa ngokuvamile avela lapho igesi ikhishwa. Okokuqala, hlola ama-gaskets lapho kuhlangana khona amapayipi (i-catalyst, i-resonator, i-muffler).

Futhi, lapho ukudubula kwenzeka futhi i-traction iwohloka, kunconywa ukuthi uhlole ukucindezela kukaphethiloli ohlelweni, kanye nokucindezelwa (ukuqina kokuvuza kwamasilinda), futhi ubuyekeze ikhoyili yokuthungela.

i-muffler condensate

базовая причина образования конденсата в глушителе – разность температур окружающего воздуха и глушителя. Его образование в авто с рабочим катализатором является естественным явлением. Хуже если его нет, но и чрезмерное количество вредит коррозией. Есть п Подробнее

 

Njengoba ubona, kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani i-silencer idubula. Ngakho-ke, sikweluleka ukuthi uqale ukuxilonga nge ukuvuza ukuhlolwa amasistimu wokuqeda. Yenza ukucwaninga kokuxhumana okuboshiwe kanye nama-gaskets phakathi kwezinto zayo ezingazodwana. Lokhu kuzokongela isikhathi nemali. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma ama-pops asatshalaliswa lapho ukhipha igesi noma lapho wehla entabeni ngegiya (uma ubhuleka injini).

Uma ukubuyekezwa akuzange kunikeze imiphumela emihle, kufanele uhlole ukusebenza kwe-carburetor, ama-valve nezinye izingxenye ezichazwe ngenhla. Leli sheke liwusizo uma lidubula isithulisi. uma ucindezela igesi.

Ushaya izandla ezimotweni ezine-LPG

Ngeshwa, le nkinga ayizange idlule imoto esebenzisa i-liquefied gas njengophethiloli. Ngokwezibalo, imvamisa ibhekene nabanikazi bezimoto ezinenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi efakwe uphethiloli kanye ne-HBO yesizukulwane sesithathu.

Ama-Pops on gas angasatshalaliswa kokubili ku-multifold intake system kanye ne-exhaust system (okungukuthi, ku-muffler). Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zalokhu:

• Akukho ukunikezwa kwegesi okuzinzile nekwanele. Lokhu kungenxa yokusetha okungalungile kwesinciphisi segesi noma ukuvala isihlungi somoya. Ezimotweni zomjovo, inzwa yokugeleza komoya enkulu (MAF) ingaba yimbangela. "Ama-Glitches" emsebenzini wakhe aholela ekusebenzeni okungalungile kwe-electronics. Okusho ukuthi, sithola ingxube yegesi ephelile noma ecebile, ngenxa yalokho kuvela ama-pops.
• I-engeli yokubasa engalungile. Kulokhu, isimo sifana naleso esichazwe ngenhla. Uma ukuthungela kuphuzile, i-muffler "slams", uma kusenesikhathi, umthamo wokungenisa noma isihlungi.

Gada isimo se-HBO yakho nezilungiselelo zayo. Ungakushalazeli ukwenzeka kwezinkinga. Uma kungenjalo, awukwazi ukubhekana nokulungiswa okubizayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nokushiswa okuzenzakalelayo kweyunithi yamandla emoto.

isiphetho

Ukuphuma kwepayipi lokukhipha - izimpawu ngokungagxeki, kodwa "isifo" esingajabulisi. Ngaphezu kokubonakaliswa kwangaphandle, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi kanye nesistimu yokukhipha igesi iyancipha, kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kukaphethiloli, okuholela ekumosheni imali okungadingekile kumnikazi wemoto. futhi, uma inkinga inganakwa isikhathi eside, i-valve, ipayipi yokukhipha umoya, i-resonator noma i-muffler ingashisa. Ngokuvamile, ngokuwohloka okunjalo umshini ungasetshenziswanokho-ke, kutuswa ukuba ukulungiswa kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ungakwazi noma ungafuni ukuzenza ngokwakho, xhumana nesiteshi sesevisi ukuze uthole usizo.