Ikhasi lekhalenda: Disemba 31 - Januwari 6

Sikumema ekuhlaziyeni izenzakalo emlandweni wemboni yezimoto, isikhumbuzo esiba kuleli sonto.

Disemba 31.12.1953, XNUMX | Yakha i-prototype yokuqala ye-Siren

Ngo-November 1951, kwaqala ukukhiqizwa imoto yokuqala ngemva kwempi "Warsaw". Kwakuyimoto enkulu, ebizayo eyayingaklanyelwe ukuthwala i-Kowalski evamile. Ezingeni likahulumeni, isidingo sokwenza umklamo omncane, osebenza ngenjini encane kaphethiloli, engaqhutshwa ososayensi, izintatheli, nabaholi bezinyunyana saqashelwa ngokushesha.

Yebo, ngo-1953 kwaqala umsebenzi ku-Sirena, okwakucatshangwa okuyisisekelo kwakuwukusebenzisa izakhi eziningi ze-Warsaw ngangokunokwenzeka: amasondo, ama-brake discs, ama-shock absorbers, isistimu yokuqondisa, i-trim yangaphakathi nezibani.

Kuphinde kwavunyelwana ngokuthi le moto ibe namasondo angaphambili, injini enamasondo amabili, i-trunk enkulu futhi ihlalisa abantu abane kuya kwabahlanu. Ekuqaleni kwakuhlelwe ukwakha imoto ohlakeni lwamapulangwe olufakwe amapuleti esikhumba. Ngakho-ke ama-prototypes okuqala ambalwa okuqala adalwa, eyokuqala eyayilungile ngo-December 4, 5.

Ngonyaka olandelayo, ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi kwaqhubeka. Ekugcineni, kwanqunywa ukusebenzisa umzimba weshidi lensimbi. Ngo-1956, imibhalo ephelele yokukhiqiza isivele ilungisiwe, futhi ngo-1957, izimoto eziyikhulu zokuqala zahlanganiswa. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial kwaqala ngo-1958 futhi kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngoJuni 1983.

1.01.1975 | Isisekelo se-Iveco

I-Iveco, namuhla engomunye wabakhiqizi bamaloli "Big Seven", iyinkampani encane kakhulu. Yadalwa kuphela ngo-1975, i.e. emashumini ambalwa eminyaka ngemva kweDAF yokuqala, Renault, Mercedes kanye Scania amaloli.

Ukube i-Iveco yayidalwe kusukela ekuqaleni, phakathi nesikhathi, lapho inkinga kawoyela idlanga, bekungeke kube lula. Ngenhlanhla, umkhiqizo wadalwa ngokuhlukile kancane. Ngaphansi kokusekelwa kwe-Fiat, izinkampani eziningana zihlanganisiwe: i-Fiat, i-Lancia, i-OM, i-Unic kanye nesigaba saseJalimane saseMagirus-Deutz.

Ukunikezwa kwe-Iveco kwase kuphelele, kusukela kumaveni namaloli amancane kuya kogandaganda namaloli alungiselelwe ukuthuthukiswa okukhethekile. Ngo-1978, i-Iveco Daily yasungulwa futhi kuze kube namuhla ingenye yamaveni abaluleke kakhulu emakethe yaseYurophu.

Januwari 2.01.2014, XNUMX | IFiat ithatha iCrysler

NgoJanuwari 2, 2014, i-Fiat yamemezela isinyathelo esilandelayo ekuthengeni i-Chrysler, eyaqala ngo-2009. Ekuqaleni, i-Fiat yathola amaphesenti angu-20 omkhiqizo waseMelika, futhi ingxenye enkulu yatholwa ngo-2012. AmaNtaliyane awazange agcine lapho. Ukuthengwa okuphelele kwe-Chrysler kwenzeka ngoJanuwari 2, 2014, lapho amaphesenti asele angama-41,5 amasheya athengiwe ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3,65. Lokhu kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthola ukukhathazeka okusha. I-Fiat Chrysler Automobiles yasungulwa ngo-Okthoba 12, 2014. Uqede unyaka wakhe wokuqala esebenza njengoba kudayiswe izimoto ezingu-4,6 million.

Januwari 3.01.1926, XNUMX | Ukuzalwa komkhiqizo wePontiac

Maphakathi nendawo, iphothifoliyo yakwaGeneral Motors yayinenani elibalulekile lemikhiqizo. Kwakukhona i-Chevrolet, i-Oldsmobile, i-Cadillac, i-GMC, i-Oakland, i-LaSalle futhi, yebo, i-Buick, lapho umlando wokukhathazeka waqala khona. I-General Motors Board yanquma ukwakha uhlobo lwePontiac, oluqanjwe ngomholi waseNdiya owalwa namaNgisi. Le nkampani bekufanele ibe enye eshibhile kunezimoto zase-Oakland.

Inkinga yezomnotho ngasekupheleni kwawo-1931 yaletha izinguquko kule nhlangano. I-Oakland yavalwa ngalowo nyaka, futhi uPontiac wasondelana kakhulu neChevrolet, okwakungase kwehlise izindleko zokukhiqiza.

IPontiac isineminyaka eminingi iyimoto yokushayela ethule, kanti ngokobuchwepheshe ibingahlukile kweyakwaChevrolet, njengoba ibiqala ukusebenza.

Le nkampani yaqhubeka kwaze kwaba yinkinga yezomnotho elandelayo, eyanciphisa kakhulu iGeneral Motors. Ngo-2009, ukukhiqizwa kuyekwa.

4.01.2011 | Ukuvalwa komkhiqizo weMercury

Ngemva kokuba indodana kaHenry Ford u-Edsel ethathe izintambo, kwaba nezinguquko eziningana. Ngo-1922, abakwaFord bathenga iLincoln ukuze bancintisane nezimoto zokuncintisana ezihlonishwayo. Bekudingeka futhi uhlobo oluphakathi kweFord eshibhile neLincoln ebizayo. Kulokhu, kwanqunywa ukwakha inkampani entsha. I-Mercury yasungulwa ngo-1938. Ngenxa yezizathu zempi, isiqalo asizange sijabule, kodwa ngemva kokuphela kokusebenza eYurophu nasePacific, intuthuko yaqala.

Lezi zimoto bezimba eqolo uma ziqhathaniswa nezakwaFord ebezisekelwe kuzo, kodwa zinemishini engcono nezinjini ezinamandla kancane. Ukulungiswa kwesitayela nakho kwenziwa, kodwa ngokwezobuchwepheshe iMercury yayisekelwe kwiFord eshibhile. Ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo kwaqhubeka eminyakeni eyalandela, futhi ukwehla okukhulu akuzange kwenzeke kuze kube yinkulungwane entsha yeminyaka, lapho isabelo semakethe sehla njalo ngonyaka.

Ngo-2000, kwathengiswa izinkulungwane ezingama-359. izimoto; ngo-2005 kwakukhona kakade 195 ayizinkulungwane. ed. Ngonyaka wokugcina womsebenzi, umphumela wehlela ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-93. izimoto, ezibalelwa ku-1% wemakethe. Ukuqedwa ngokusemthethweni komkhiqizo kwenzeka ngoJanuwari 4, 2011.

Januwari 5.01.1996, XNUMX | IGeneral Motors imemezele ukuqala kokuthengiswa kwemoto yayo yokuqala kagesi

Imoto yokuqala kagesi yakwaGeneral Motors, i-EV1, izungezwe uzungu lwezinkampani zikawoyela ezivimbe ukuthuthukiswa kwalo msebenzi.

NgoJanuwari 5, 1996, iGeneral Motors yamemezela ukuthi izokwethula imoto yayo kagesi ngawo lowo nyaka. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lena kwakuyimoto enophawu lweGeneral Motors, ngokungafani nezinye izimoto eqenjini, ezazinamalogo emikhiqizo edalwe noma etholwe yiGM. I-EV1 bekufanele ibe ukukhombisa ukusungulwa kwakho konke ukukhathazeka.

Umsebenzi wemodeli waqala ngasekupheleni kwawo-1990. Imoto yomqondo wokuqala yaboniswa ngo-1994, futhi ama-prototypes avela ngo-1996. Ekwindla ka-2003, iGeneral Motors yamemezela uhlelo lokuqashisa eCalifornia nase-Arizona oluqhubeke kwaze kwaba ngu-1117. Amayunithi angama-2003 emodeli akhiqiziwe futhi athola ukubuyekezwa okuhle kwabasebenzisi. Ongaziwa kwaba ukuphela kohlelo lonyaka kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwemishini.

Januwari 6.01.1973, 770 | IMercedes-Benz XNUMXK ithengiswe ngenani elirekhodiwe

I-Mercedes-Benz 770K iyimoto yaseJalimane ephambili kakhulu ngesikhathi sayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo imoto yesigungu sika-Adolf Hitler kanye nabalingani abaseduze bomholi we-Third Reich. Ayibanga nje kuphela nokubukeka okubabazekayo kanye nesiphetho esihle kakhulu, kodwa futhi injini enhle kakhulu ene-displacement engaphezu kwamalitha angu-7.6, eyakhiqiza i-150 hp, ngisho ne-230 hp ihlangene ne-compressor.

Le moto ngqo yathengiswa endalini ngoJanuwari 1973 njengemoto ka-Adolf Hitler. Indali iphele ngenani eliyirekhodi lika-$153. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakuyinani elikhulu kunawo wonke owake wasetshenziswa ekuthengeni imoto.

Njengemoto yokuphatha, le moto yayinomzimba oqinisiwe kanye nesitezi esiwugqinsi esingu-5,5-6 mm namawindi awugqinsi angu-40 mm. Izikhali zandisa isisindo saba amathani angu-4 futhi zehlisa isivinini esiphezulu saba ngu-170 km/h.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngesonto ngemva kokuthengwa kwerekhodi, kwavela ukuthi umsebenzisi wayenguMongameli waseFinland, hhayi uHitler. Lokho akuzange kumvimbe ekushayeni irekhodi lakhe elilandelayo ngesikhathi umthengi enquma ukulidayisa ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha nje kuphela.