Ibhuleki lokupaka - ukuthi lisebenza kanjani nokuthi lisebenza kanjani

Imoto empeleni amasondo athwala umshayeli nabagibeli, kukhona isiteringi esilawula lawa masondo, injini yokushayela kanye nebhuleki ukuze lime nokuyinto ehamba phambili kwezokuphepha. Hlukanisa phakathi kwesistimu yamabhuleki esebenzayo nensiza, okuyibhuleki lokupaka. Kwaziwa nangokuthi ibhuleki lesandla noma nje "ibhuleki lesandla". Ngezimoto zesimanje, igama elithi manual selivele liphenduke i-anachronism, njengoba abakhiqizi bezimoto abahamba phambili bedlulisela i-handbrake drive ku-electronic.

Ibhuleki lokupaka liklanyelwe, njengoba negama lisho, ukugcina imoto imile ngenkathi yokupaka (ima), ikakhulukazi uma umgwaqo noma indawo yokupaka inomthambeka. Kodwa-ke, leli bhuleki lisasetshenziswa njengesistimu yebhuleki ephuthumayo uma ibhuleki elisebenzayo lihluleka. Ake sizame ukuqonda ukwakheka kwesistimu yamabhuleki okupaka. ake sithole ukuthi kusebenza kanjani.

Okwakho: umsebenzi oyinhloko

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ngenhla, inhloso enkulu yebhuleki lesandla ukugcina imoto isendaweni lapho upaka isitobhi eside. Isetshenziswa njengengxenye yokulawula eyengeziwe yokushayela ngokweqile, njengesimo esiphuthumayo, njengethuluzi lokubhuleka ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Idizayini ye "handbrake" ijwayelekile - iyi-brake drive (ezimweni eziningi i-mechanical), kanye ne-brake mechanism.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamabhuleki

Ibhuleki lokupaka liyahluka ngohlobo lokushayela, lwezinhlobo eziyinhloko esiziqaphelayo:

• idrayivu yemishini (evame kakhulu);
• i-hydraulic (engavamile kakhulu;
• i-electromechanical EPB (inkinobho esikhundleni se-lever).

Ukusabalala kwenguqulo yemishini kungenxa yobulula bokuklama nokuthembeka okuphezulu. Ukuze uvule ibhuleki lokupaka, vele udonsele i-lever phezulu (ebheke kuwe). Kulo mzuzu, izintambo zeluliwe, izindlela zivimbela amasondo, okuholela ekumeni noma ekunciphiseni kwejubane. Ezimotweni ezintsha ezinemishini ecebile, inketho yesithathu iya ngokuya isetshenziswa, i-hydraulic ayijwayelekile futhi ithandwa kakhulu ngabalandeli bokushayela ngokweqile.

Kukhona futhi ukuhlukaniswa okunemibandela ezindleleni zokufakwa:

• Kukhona i-pedal (okungunyawo);
• Kukhona i-lever (ene-lever).

Njengomthetho, i-pedal "handbrake" isetshenziswa emishinini ene-othomathikhi yokudlulisela. Ifakwa yi-pedal yesithathu esikhundleni se-clutch pedal enyamalele.

Izindlela zamabhuleki nazo ziyehluka, futhi zimi kanje:

• ukuphuka kwesigubhu;
• cam;
• isikulufa;
• ukudluliswa (aka central).

Esimweni sokuqala, izintambo, ezinwebekayo, zisebenza emabhuloki, wona, acindezelwa ngokuqinile ngokumelene nesigubhu, ngaleyo ndlela kwenzeka i-braking. I-central parking brake ayivimbi amasondo, kodwa i-driveshaft. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona idrayivu kagesi ene-disc mechanism, eqhutshwa yi-motor kagesi.

Linjani ibhuleki lesandla

Umklamo webhuleki lokupaka uqukethe izingxenye ezintathu:

• Empeleni, umshini wamabhuleki osebenzisana namasondo noma injini;
• Shayela indlela eyenza ibhuleki lisebenze (i-lever, inkinobho, i-pedal);
• Amakhebula noma imigqa ye-hydraulic.

Kuhlelo lwe-handbrake, njengomthetho, intambo eyodwa noma ezintathu zisetshenziswa, inguqulo yekhebula lezintambo ezintathu ithandwa kakhulu futhi inokwethenjelwa. Isistimu inezintambo ezimbili zangemuva, eyodwa ngaphambili. Kulokhu, izintambo ezimbili zangemuva ziya kumshini wokubhuleka, eyangaphambili ixhumana ne-lever.

Ukuqiniswa noma ukuxhumeka kwezintambo kwenziwa ngezinto ze-handbrake kusetshenziswa amathiphu akhethekile aguquguqukayo. Ngokulandelayo, kukhona amantongomane okulungisa ezintanjeni, ongashintsha ngazo ubude bekhebula ngokwalo. Kukhona nesiphethu esibuyayo ohlelweni, esibuyisela umshini endaweni yawo yasekuqaleni ngemva kokukhishwa kwebhuleki lesandla. Intwasahlobo ebuyayo ifakwe kumshini wamabhuleki ngokwawo, kusilinganisi noma kukhebula exhunywe ku-lever.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

I-brake icushiwe (imoto ifakwe "ibhuleki lesandla") ngokuhambisa i-lever endaweni ephakeme eqondile kuze kube yilapho ukuchofoza isici se-latch. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izintambo, ezinwebekayo, cindezela ama-pads afakwe emasondweni angemuva ngokuqinile kumadubhu. Amasondo avinjwe ngale ndlela aholela ekubhrekeni.

Ukuze ukhulule umshini ku-handbrake, kuyadingeka ukucindezela inkinobho ebambe i-latch, yehlisa i-lever endaweni yokuqala phansi (elele phansi).

Disc amabhuleki

Izimoto ezinamabhuleki ediski nxazonke zinebhuleki lesandla elinomehluko omncane. Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• i-screw brake;
• cam;
• ukuphuka kwesigubhu.

Inketho yokuqala isetshenziswa kuma-single-piston brake systems. Ipiston ilawulwa isikulufu esikhethekile esifakwe kuso. Iyazungeza, ishayelwa ikhebula ne-lever. I-piston ihamba eduze kwentambo, ihamba phakathi, icindezela ama-pads ngokumelene ne-brake disc.

Umshini wekhamera ulula, unomshini ophusha osebenza ku-piston. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhamera inokuxhumana okuqinile ne-lever (nayo ikhebula). I-pushrod ihamba kanye nepiston njengoba ikhamera ijikeleza. Indlela yesigubhu isetshenziswa kuma-multi-piston systems.

Indlela yokusebenza kahle

Ngokushesha ngemva kokungena emotweni, kuyadingeka ukuhlola indawo ye-handbrake lever. Kufanele futhi uyihlole ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuqala, awukwazi ukugibela ibhuleki lesandla, njengoba lokhu kuholela ekulayishweni kwenjini nokuguga ngokushesha kwezakhi zesistimu yebhuleki (amadiski, amaphedi).

Ngokuqondene nokubeka imoto kwi-handbrake ngenkathi yasebusika, ochwepheshe abakhuthazi ukwenza lokhu, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekuvinjweni kwamasondo kanye nokungakwazi ukuhamba. Iqhwa elincibilikile, ukungcola okunamathela emasondweni kungaqhwa ebusuku, amaphedi aqhwaze kuma-disc noma isigubhu. Uma usebenzisa amandla, ungalimaza uhlelo, udinga ukufudumala amasondo nge-steam, amanzi abilayo noma ngokucophelela nge-blowtorch.

Ezimotweni ezifakwe othomathikhi, ibhuleki yokupaka kufanele isetshenziswe, naphezu kokuba khona kwemodi "yokupaka" ebhokisini. Lokhu kuzonciphisa umthwalo emshinini wokukhiya i-shaft, futhi kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ibanjwe ngokuqinile, ngezinye izikhathi endaweni elinganiselwe ungangena ngephutha emotweni engumakhelwane.

Isifingqo

Isistimu yokubhuleka, ikakhulukazi ibhuleki lokupaka, idlala indima ebalulekile futhi ingenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zemoto. Kuyadingeka ukugcina yonke into ihlelekile, lokhu kuzokwandisa ukuphepha kokusebenza kwemoto yakho, kunciphise ingozi yengozi. Isistimu yamabhuleki okupaka kufanele ihlolwe futhi inikezwe isevisi njalo, njengamanye amasistimu abalulekile.