Ingabe kufanele uthenge imoto exubile, ekadizili noma kagesi?
Namuhla kunezimoto eziningi ezixubile, udizili omsulwa nezimoto zikagesi. Basebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene, kodwa bonke basiza imvelo futhi bathuthukise i-MPG.
Ngaphezu kwezimoto ezijwayelekile zikaphethiloli, ungakhetha kwezinye izinketho zamandla okuhlanganisa ihybrid, udizili nogesi. Umbuzo omkhulu abanikazi bezimoto abaningi abawubuzayo ngowokuthi ngabe lezi zimoto ezihlukile zikaphethiloli zinenani elithe xaxa lokubuza. Ngokubheka ubuhle nobubi balezi zimoto ezihlukile zikaphethiloli, uzokwazi ukuthatha isinqumo sokuthi enye yalezi zimoto ilungele izidingo zakho ezithile.
Izimoto ezihlanganisiwe
Izimoto ezihlanganisiwe ziza nenjini kaphethiloli noma yedizili, kodwa futhi zisebenzisa omunye umthombo wamafutha njengendlela eyengeziwe yokusebenza. Uhlobo lwemoto eyi-hybrid lunquma ukonga uphethiloli wemoto.
Isebenza kanjani imoto eyi-hybrid. E-US, i-hybrid isebenzisa uphethiloli nogesi njengomthombo wamandla.
AmaHybrid asebenzisa iphakethe lebhethri kanye nenjini kagesi ehlanganiswe nenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi.
Ama-hybrids amaningi ayashaja ngenkathi ushayela, kodwa amaningi nawo adinga ukuthi uxhume ibhethri uma ungashayeli, ikakhulukazi ama-hybrid agcwele kanye namahybrids amaphakathi.
Amanye ama-hybrids aphinde asebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-"stop-start", obuvala injini kaphethiloli uma imoto imile.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa amanye ama-hybrids i-continuous variable transmission, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-CVT. Ukudluliswa okuguquguqukayo okuqhubekayo kuvumela ukuguquguquka okushelelayo, okuvumela injini ukuthi isebenze ngoguquko olunomnotho kakhulu ngomzuzu (RPM) ububanzi.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto ezi-hybrid. Izinhlobo ezihlukene zezimoto ezixubile zihlanganisa ama-hybrids agcwele, athambile nama-plug-in.
Lapho ukhetha i-hybrid, ungakhetha ezinhlotsheni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa okuxubile okugcwele, okuthambile, kanye ne-plug-in. Esinye isigaba sezimoto ezikhombisa ukusebenza kwe-hybrid ama-micro and oil hybrids.
Ama-hybrids aphelele ayinguqulo yokonga kakhulu yezimoto ezihlanganisiwe. Ama-hybrids agcwele angasebenza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene ezifana nochungechunge, imodi ehambisanayo, kanye nemodi kagesi wonke. Isibonelo se-hybrid egcwele iToyota Prius.
I-Mild hybrid ayongi njenge-hybrid egcwele, kodwa isahlinzeka ngokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphezulu kunemoto eqhathaniswa nophethiloli wonke. Ku-hybrid epholile, ibhethri nenjini eyisizayo zisebenza nenjini kaphethiloli ukuze imoto ihambe, kodwa azilokothi zilawule ngokugcwele. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu se-mild hybrid i-Honda Civic Hybrid's Integrated Motor Assist.
I-plug-in hybrid inebhethri elikhulu kunamanye ama-hybrid amaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-hybrid egcwele. Lo sayizi omkhulu udinga ukuthi uwaxhume phakathi kokugibela. Ama-plug-in hybrids angaphinda asebenze ngemodi kagesi wonke ibanga elithile lamamayela. I-Chevy Volt iyisibonelo esisodwa nje se-plug-in hybrid.
Izimoto ezincane nezixube kawoyela zisebenzisa kancane, uma zikhona, izinjini zikagesi ukushayela amasondo okushayela. I-micro-hybrid isebenzisa injini kagesi ukushayela amasistimu kagesi ebhodini, kodwa akukho okunye. Ingxubevange yemisipha isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze ishaje injini kagesi, inikeze amandla engeziwe okusebenzisa amasistimu emoto. Ku-micro-hybrid, i-Chevy Malibu enobuchwepheshe bokumisa i-stop-start iyisibonelo esihle. Ngokuqondene ne-beefy hybrid, ungazama i-Infiniti Q50 hybrid.
Izinzuzo Zokuba Nemoto Ehlanganisiwe. Ukuba nemoto eyihybrid kunezinzuzo zako.
Inzuzo enkulu yokuba nemoto eyi-hybrid wukuba kwayo nemvelo. Ukubambambili kwenjini eyi-hybrid kusho ukuthi imoto ihamba ngendlela ehlanzekile futhi ayingcolisi kangako.
Ukuhlanzeka kwemoto eyihybrid kusho ukuthi isebenzisa uphethiloli omncane ukuze isebenze futhi ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli wemoto.
Izimoto ezingama-Hybrid nazo ziyaziwa ngokugcina inani lazo lokudayiswa kabusha, okwenza kube lula ukubuyisela enye yemali esetshenziswe kuzo uma kamuva unquma ukuyithengisa futhi uthenge enye imoto.
Ububi Bokuba Nemoto EyiHybrid. Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo, izimoto ezi-hybrid nazo zinezinye izinkinga.
Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwehybrid nemoto ejwayelekile esebenzisa uphethiloli amandla enjini. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, amandla ahlanganisiwe ezinjini zikagesi nekaphethiloli emotweni eyingxubevange ngokuvamile angaphansi kwalawo enjini kaphethiloli eqhathaniswayo.
Okubi kakhulu ngezimoto eziwuhlobo oluxubile ukuthi zijwayele ukubiza ngaphezu kwezimoto ezisebenza ngophethroli. Ngenhlanhla, bavame ukugcina inani labo lokuthengisa kabusha, ukuze ukwazi ukubuyisela ezinye zezindleko zakho uma unquma ukuthengisa kamuva.
Okunye okubi ukwehliswa komthamo wokulayisha wemoto eyi-hybrid. Isikhala esiningi sempahla osithola kwezinye izinhlobo zezimoto sidliwa injini kagesi eyengeziwe, ibhethri, nezinye izici ezidingekayo emotweni eyingxubevange.
Izimoto zikadizili
Enye inketho, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-hybrid kanye nemoto kagesi, imoto esebenza ngodizili. Izinjini zikadizili zisebenza kahle kakhulu kunezinjini zikaphethiloli. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokucindezela izinjini eziningi zikadizili ezingafinyelela kuzo.
Iyini imoto kadizili? Ngokungafani nemoto eyihybrid noma kagesi, izimoto ezisebenza ngodizili zonga kakhulu kunezimoto ezisebenza ngophethiloli.
Izinjini zikadizili, nakuba zifana nezinjini zikaphethiloli, azisebenzisi ama-spark plug ukuhlanganisa ingxube kaphethiloli/yomoya. Kunalokho, iqala isebenzisa ukushisa ekucindezeleni umoya osegunjini ukuze ithungele uphethiloli wedizili, inike amandla injini. Injini kadizili ivamise ukuba nokuthuthukiswa kwamaphesenti angama-25 kuya kwangama-30 ekusebenzeni kahle kukaphethiloli kunenjini efanayo kaphethiloli.
Izinzuzo zokuba nemoto kadizili. Njengezinye izimoto zikaphethiloli, izimoto zikadizili zinezinzuzo ezithile ezizenza zikhange kulabo abangase bazithenge.
Njengoba sekushiwo, ukusebenza kahle kwabo kukaphethiloli kunikeza abanikazi ukunyuka komnotho ngamaphesenti angama-25-30 uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezisebenza ngophethiloli. Bangakwazi ngisho nokunikeza ukonga kukaphethiloli okungcono kunamanye ama-hybrid kaphethiloli-kagesi.
Ngaphandle kwenhlansi noma umsabalalisi, kodwa ngokuncika ekushiseni okukhiqizwa lapho umoya osesilinda ucindezelwa, imoto kadizili ayidingi ukushunwa komlilo.
Ukuqina kwenjini kadizili kusho ukuthi ihlala isikhathi eside kunezinjini eziningi zikaphethroli.
Izimoto zikadizili zivame ukuba ne-torque yenjini eningi, okuzinika amandla angaphezu kukaphethiloli.
Ububi bokuba nemoto kadizili. Nakuba udizili unezinzuzo eziningi, futhi unezinkinga ezimbalwa.
Njengamanje uphethiloli we-diesel ubiza kakhulu kunophethiloli. Nakuba lokhu kungase kushintshe esikhathini esizayo, lezi zindleko eziphezulu ngokuvamile zinciphisa inzuzo ephakeme yokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli izinjini zikadizili ezinazo kunezimoto ezisebenza ngophethiloli ezijwayelekile.
Izinjini zikaphethiloli zivame ukunikeza izimoto zazo isivinini kanye nokusebenza okungcono.
Ukulungisa kungabiza kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba izinjini eziningi zikadizili zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane kakhulu. Uma nje ulungisa imoto yakho okushejuliwe, kufanele ube nenani elincane lezinkinga.
Izimoto zikagesi
Izimoto zikagesi ziyindlela ekhangayo kunezinjini ezijwayelekile zikaphethiloli. Lokhu kudalwa ikakhulukazi ukuthi abathembeli kuphethroli njengomthombo wamandla, okubenza bahehe kubashayeli abakhathalela imvelo.
Iyini imoto kagesi? Imoto kagesi isebenza ngokuyinhloko ngogesi, kuyilapho ihybrid isebenza kukho kokubili uphethiloli nogesi.
Indlela imoto kagesi esebenza ngayo ukuthi phakathi nezikhathi zokushayela, uyixhuma emthonjeni wamandla ngepulaki eshaja ibhethri ukuze isetshenziswe ngenkathi ushayela.
Ngenkathi ushayela, imoto inikwa amandla amabhethri anika amandla ukuhanjiswa kukagesi.
Ukubhuleka kusiza ukushajwa kabusha ibhethri ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-regenerative braking.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto zikagesi. Lapho uthenga imoto kagesi, ngokuvamile unokukhetha okulinganiselwe, kodwa njengoba ubuchwepheshe busakazeka kakhulu, lindela ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa njengama-fuel cell ukuthi buqhubeke nokukhula ekudumeni nasekusetshenzisweni.
Imoto kagesi yebhethri noma i-BEV isebenza ngokuphelele ngamandla anikezwa ibhethri. Lawa mandla ashayela isitimela esisebenza ngogesi esisebenza ngaphandle kosizo lwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi udinga ukuwaxhuma phakathi kokugibela, ama-BEV amaningi asebenzisa i-regenerative braking ukuze ashaje amabhethri emoto ngenkathi ushayela. I-BMW i81's 3-mile range iyenza ibe yi-BEV enhle kakhulu.
Izimoto zikagesi zamaseli ziwubuchwepheshe obusha obususelwe kugesi okhiqizwa ekuphenduleni phakathi kwe-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo ukunika amandla imoto. Nakuba zintsha, phawula ukuthi izimoto ezithwala uphethiloli zizovame kakhulu esikhathini esizayo. IToyota Mirai ingenye yezimoto zokuqala ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bama-fuel cell.
Izinzuzo zokuba nemoto kagesi. Izimoto zikagesi zinezisusa ezinhle kulabo abazishayelayo.
Izimoto zikagesi zisebenza ngogesi ngokuphelele, zikongela isikhathi egalaji likaphethiloli.
Izimoto zikagesi nazo azikhiqizi igesi eyingozi, okungukuthi, aziwungcolisi umoya okuzungezile ngenkathi ushayela.
Enye inzuzo yokuba nemoto kagesi isidingo esiphansi sokuyinakekela.
Ububi bokuba nemoto kagesi Nakuba kunezinzuzo ezinkulu zokuba nemoto kagesi, kukhona nezinye ezimbi.
Enye yezingqinamba ezinkulu ukuthola indawo yokushajwa kude nasekhaya. Lokhu kuyinkinga uma usebenzisa izimoto zikagesi ohambweni olude, nakuba useduze kakhulu nasekhaya, lokhu akuyona inkinga enkulu.
Imali eyongiwe ekuthengeni uphethiloli ngezinye izikhathi isuswa yizindleko zikagesi zokushaja imoto phakathi nohambo.
Izimoto eziningi zikagesi zinebanga elilinganiselwe, ngokuvamile elingamamayela angu-50 kuya kwangu-100. Asethembe ukuthi okunye ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kungathuthukisa lolu hlu lokuqeqeshwa.
Izimoto zikagesi nazo zibiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezimoto ngenxa yobusha bobuchwepheshe, kodwa intengo kufanele iqhubeke yehla njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuke kakhulu futhi busabalala.
Isinqumo sokuthenga imoto exubile, udizili noma kagesi sincike kakhulu kubhajethi yakho nokuzibophezela ekuthuthukiseni imvelo. Ukwenyuka kokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli okuhlinzekwa yiziningi zalezi zimoto kuzifanele izindleko ezengeziwe ezingabiza lezi zimoto. Ngaphambi kokuthenga noma iyiphi imoto eyingxube esetshenzisiwe, udizili noma imoto kagesi, yiba nomunye womakhenika bethu abanolwazi enze ukuhlola kwemoto ngaphambi kokuthenga.
