Izindleko zokushayela ngogesi

Kubiza malini ukushayela ngogesi? Impendulo yalo mbuzo oyinhloko izonikezwa kulesi sihloko. Ukunaka okukhethekile kuzokhokhwa ezindlekweni ezihlukahlukene zokushaja nezindleko ezihambisanayo. Izindleko zekhilomitha ngalinye nazo zizoqhathaniswa nezindleko zikaphethiloli. Esihlokweni sezindleko zemoto kagesi, sixoxa ejwayelekile isikweletu sezindleko.

Ukubhukha okuncane kusengaphambili, okungenzeka kungenasidingo: amanani abonisiwe angashintsha. Ngakho hlola iwebhusayithi yeqembu elifanele ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi unamanani amanje.

Izindleko zokukhokha zendlu

Ungakwazi ukumane uxhume imoto yakho kagesi ekhaya. Ngokombono wamanani, lena inketho eqondakala kakhulu: uvele ukhokhe intela yakho kagesi evamile. Inani eliqondile lenkokhelo lincike kumphakeli, kodwa ngokwesilinganiso cishe 0,22 € kWh ngayinye (ihora le-kilowatt). Uma ukhokhisa imali eningi ngangokunokwenzeka ekhaya, unezindleko eziphansi kakhulu lapho ushaja imoto kagesi.

Lena akuyona indlela yokushaja eshesha kakhulu, kodwa ungayishintsha ngokuthenga isiteshi sakho sokushaja noma ibhokisi lodonga. Ukushaja ekhaya kungashibhe nakakhulu uma uzikhiqizela owakho ugesi usebenzisa ama-solar panel. Kulesi simo, unenzuzo enkulu kakhulu yezomnotho kusukela ekushayeleni ngogesi.

Izindleko zesiteshi sakho sokushaja

Ukuthi ukhokha malini esiteshini sakho sokushaja kuncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene: umhlinzeki, uhlobo lokuxhuma, kanye nenani lamandla isiteshi sokushaja esingalenza. Kuphinde kube nendaba ukuthi ukhetha "isiteshi sokushaja esihlakaniphile" noma cha. Isiteshi sokushaja esilula siqala kuma-euro angama-200. Isiteshi sokushaja sezigaba ezintathu esithuthukisiwe esinokuxhumana okukabili singabiza u-€ 2.500 noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho amanani angahluka kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwezindleko zesiteshi sokushaja ngokwaso, kungase kube nezindleko ezengeziwe zokusetha nokusetha ekhaya. Ungafunda kabanzi ngalokhu esihlokweni sokuthenga isiteshi sakho sokushaja.

Izindleko zeziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi

Izinto ziba nzima eziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zeziteshi zokushaja nabahlinzeki abahlukene. Izindleko zingahluka kuye ngendawo nesikhathi. Ngokungeziwe enanini nge-kWh ngayinye, ngezinye izikhathi uphinda ukhokhe izindleko zokubhalisa kanye / noma inani lokuqala ngeseshini ngayinye.

Imali yokugibela eziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi incike kakhulu kumaqembu amabili:

• umphathi wesiteshi sokushaja, owaziwa nangokuthi yi-Charching Point Operator noma i-CPO; futhi:
• umhlinzeki wesevisi, owaziwa nangokuthi umnikezeli wesevisi yeselula noma i-MSP.

Owokuqala unesibopho sokufakwa nokusebenza ngendlela efanele kwesiteshi sokushaja. Owesibili unesibopho sekhadi lokukhokha olidingayo ukuze usebenzise indawo yokushaja. Umehluko ungenziwa phakathi kweziteshi zokushaja ezivamile namashaja asheshayo abiza kakhulu.

Iziteshi zokushaja ezijwayelekile

U-Allego ungomunye wabaqhubi abakhulu beziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi eNetherlands. Bakhokhisa imali evamile engu-€0,37 kWh ezindaweni eziningi zokushaja ezivamile. Kwabanye omasipala lesi sibalo siphansi. Nge-NewMotion (ingxenye ye-Shell) ukhokha u-€0,34 nge-kWh ezindaweni eziningi zokushaja. Abanye banesilinganiso esiphansi - ama-euro angu-0,25 kW / h. Intengo cishe 0,36 € kWh ngayinye kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezijwayelekile zokushaja zomphakathi.

Izinga nalo lincike ekhadini lakho lokukhokha. Ngokuvamile uvele ukhokhe i-CPO (isilinganiso somphathi), isibonelo, ngekhadi lokukhokha le-ANWB. Nokho, kwezinye izimo kuyengezwa imali eyengeziwe. I-plug surfing, isibonelo, ingeza u-10% kulokhu. Abanye abahlinzeki baphinde bakhokhise amanani okuqalisa. Isibonelo, i-ANWB ikhokhisa u-€0,28 ngeseshini ngayinye, kuyilapho i-Eneco ikhokhisa u-€0,61.

Ukufaka isicelo sekhadi lokukhokha kumahhala kumaqembu amaningi. Kwa-Plugsurfing ukhokha u-€ 9,95 kanye kanye no-€ 6,95 e-Elbizz. Abahlinzeki abaningi abafana ne-Newmotion, i-Vattenfall ne-ANWB nabo abakhokhisi noma yiziphi izimali zokubhaliselwe. Emaqenjini abenza lokhu, lokhu kuvamise ukuba phakathi kwama-euro amathathu namane ngenyanga, nakuba kukhona ukuhluka okukhuphukayo nokwehlayo.

Kwesinye isikhathi inhlawulo nayo izokhokhiswa. Le nhlawulo ihloselwe ukuvimbela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ijamu yesiteshi sokushaja". Uma ume isikhathi eside kakhulu ngemva kokuba imoto yakho isikhokhisiwe, uzokhokhiswa inhlawulo. Isibonelo, eVattenfall ingu-€ 0,20 ngehora uma kuthengwa ngaphansi kuka-1 kWh ngehora. Umasipala wase-Arnhem ukhokhisa u-€ 1,20 ngehora. Lokhu kuqala ngemva kwemizuzu engu-120 imoto isishajwe.

Ama-snelladers

Ngaphezu kweziteshi zokushaja ezijwayelekile, kukhona namashaja asheshayo. Zishaja ngokushesha kakhulu kuneziteshi zokushaja ezijwayelekile. Imoto enebhethri engu-50 kWh ingashajwa kufika ku-80% ngemizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu. Yebo, kufanele ukhokhe kakhulu ngalokhu futhi.

I-Fasted iyi-opharetha yeshaja esheshayo enkulu kunazo zonke e-Netherlands. bayakhokhisa 0,59 € kWh ngayinye... Ngobulungu begolide obungu-€ 11,99 ngenyanga, ukhokha u-€ 0,35 kWh ngayinye. I-Allego iphinde inikeze amashaja asheshayo ngaphezu kweziteshi zokushaja ezivamile. Bayakukhokhisa 0,69 € kWh ngayinye.

Bese kulandela i-Ionity, okuwukubambisana phakathi kweMercedes, BMW, Volkswagen, Ford neHyundai, phakathi kwezinye. Ekuqaleni babekhokhisa inani eliphansi lama-euro ayi-8 ngeseshini yokushaja ngayinye. Kodwa-ke, ukushaja okusheshayo manje kubiza kakhulu e-Ionity, ngesivinini 0,79 € kWh ngayinye... Kushibhile ngokubhalisile. Isibonelo, abanikazi be-Audi bangakhokhisa imali yanyanga zonke engu-€ 17,95 ngenani elingu-€ 0,33 kWh ngayinye.

I-Tesla ingenye indaba ngoba banamadivayisi wabo wokushaja okusheshayo akhethekile: i-Tesla Supercharger. Ukushaja ishibhile kakhulu kunamanye amadivaysi ashaja ngokushesha ngoba kungenziwa vele 0,25 € kWh ngayinye... I-Tesla, ngamazwi ayo, ayihlosile ukwenza inzuzo lapha ngakho-ke ingasebenzisa izinga eliphansi kangaka.

Kuze kube ngu-2017, ukushaja kuma-Supercharger bekungenamkhawulo futhi kumahhala kubo bonke abashayeli be-Tesla. Ngemva kwalokho, abanikazi bathola imalimboleko yamahhala engu-400 kWh isikhathi esithile. Kusukela ngo-2019, ukushaja kwamahhala okungenamkhawulo kubuyile. Nokho, lokhu kusebenza kuphela ku-Model S noma ku-Model X futhi kuphela kubanikazi bokuqala. Ngawo wonke amamodeli, ungathola u-1.500 km wezindleko ezingeziwe zamahhala ngohlelo lokudlulisela. Lolu hlelo lusho ukuthi abanikazi be-Tesla bathola ikhodi lapho beyithenga futhi bangabelana ngayo nabanye. Labo abathenga imoto besebenzisa ikhodi yakho bazothola ikhredithi ye-Supercharge yamahhala.

Ukungaqiniseki

Kunokuningi ukungaqiniseki mayelana namanani entengo. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuqonda izindleko eziqondile zokushayela ngogesi. Iziteshi zokushaja ngokuvamile azibonisi isivinini, njengoba kwenzeka ngepompo yegesi. Lokho ogcina ukukhokhela ibhethri elishajiwe kuncike ezintweni eziningi: uhlobo lwesiteshi sokushaja, indawo yesiteshi sokushaja, ukuthi simatasatasa kangakanani, umhlinzeki, uhlobo lokubhalisa, njll. isimo sesiphithiphithi.

Izindleko zokukhokha phesheya

Kuthiwani ngezindleko zokushaja imoto kagesi phesheya? Okokuqala, ungasebenzisa amakhadi amaningi okukhokha kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Amakhadi okukhokha e-Newmotion / Shell Recharge avame kakhulu eYurophu. Amanye amakhadi okukhokha amaningi nawo ayasekelwa emazweni amaningi ase-Europe, ngaphandle kwaseMpumalanga Yurophu. Ukuthi izwe lamukela amakhadi okukhokha akusho ukuthi linokufakwa okuhle. Ikhadi lokukhokha le-MoveMove lisebenza kuphela e-Netherlands, kuyilapho ikhadi lokukhokha le-Justplugin lisebenza kuphela e-Netherlands nase-Belgium.

Kunzima ukusho lutho mayelana namanani. Awekho amanani acacile phesheya futhi. Amanani angaba phezulu noma aphansi kunase-Netherlands. Uma ezweni lakithi icishe ihlale ibalwa nge-kWh ngayinye, eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe ivame ukubalwa ngomzuzu. Khona-ke amanani angakhuphuka kakhulu ezimotweni ezingakhokhisi ngokushesha.

Kutuswa ukwazi kusengaphambili ukuthi kubiza malini ukukhokhisa endaweni ethile ukuze ugweme izimanga (ezingemnandi). Ukulungiselela ngokuvamile kubalulekile ekuhambeni amabanga amade ngemoto kagesi.

ukusetshenziswa

Izindleko zokushayela ngogesi nazo zincike ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli wemoto. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenjini kaphethiloli, injini kagesi, ngokwencazelo, isebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, izimoto zikagesi zingashayela isikhathi eside kakhulu ngenani elifanayo lamandla.

Izinga lokugeleza elimenyezelwe umenzi lilinganiswa ngendlela ye-WLTP. Indlela ye-NEDC yayijwayele ukuba yizinga, kodwa yashintshwa ngoba yayingenangqondo kakhulu. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nomehluko phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili esihlokweni sobubanzi bemoto kagesi. Nakuba izilinganiso ze-WLTP zingokoqobo kunezilinganiso ze-NEDC, empeleni ukusetshenziswa kuvame ukuba phezulu kancane. Nokho, lena indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqhathanisa izimoto zikagesi njengoba kuyindlela evamile.

Ngokwezilinganiso ze-WLTP, isilinganiso semoto kagesi njengamanje idla cishe u-15,5 kWh ngekhilomitha elingu-100. Akumangalisi ukuthi kukhona ubudlelwano phakathi kwesisindo somshini nokusetshenziswa. Izinhlobo ezintathu zeVolkswagen e-Up, Skoda Citigo E neSeat Mii Electric ziphakathi kwezimoto zikagesi ezonga kakhulu futhi zidla u-12,7 kWh ngebanga elingu-100 km. Nokho, akuzona kuphela izimoto ezincane zedolobha ezonga kakhulu. I-3 Standard Range Plus nayo yenza kahle kakhulu njengoba ifinyelela ku-12,0 kWh ngebanga lika-100 km.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-spectrum kukhona amaSUV amakhulu. Isibonelo, i-Audi e-Tron idla u-22,4 kWh ngekhilomitha elingu-100, kanti iJaguar I-Pace idla u-21,2. IPorsche Taycan Turbo S - 26,9 kWh ngebanga elingu-100 km.

Izindleko zikagesi ziqhathaniswa nezindleko zikaphethiloli

Kuhle ukwazi ukuthi yimalini ebiza ugesi nge-kilowatt-hora, kodwa lawo manani aqhathaniswa kanjani nezintengo zikaphethiloli? Ukulinganisa izindleko zokushayela ngogesi, siqhathanisa izindleko zikagesi nophethiloli. Kulesi siqhathaniso, ake sicabange ukuthi intengo kaphethiloli ingu-€ 1,65 ilitha nge-€ 95. Uma imoto ishayela oku-1 kokungu-15, lokho kusho ukuthi ukhokha u-€ 0,11 ngekhilomitha.

Ukhokha malini ngemoto kagesi eyisilinganiso ngekhilomitha ngalinye likagesi? Sicabanga ukuthi amandla asetshenziswayo angu-15,5 kWh ngebanga elingu-100 km. Lokho kungu-0,155 kWh ngekhilomitha. Uma ukhokhisa ekhaya, ukhokha cishe u-€ 0,22 kWh ngayinye. Ngakho uthola u-€ 0,034 ngekhilomitha. Lokhu ishibhile kakhulu kunezindleko zikaphethiloli ngekhilomitha yemoto emaphakathi.

Akuwona wonke umuntu onesiteshi sakhe sokushaja, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu onekhono lokusishaja ekhaya. Esiteshini sokushaja somphakathi, ngokuvamile ukhokha u-€ 0,36 kWh ngayinye, njengoba kushiwo ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko. Ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla ka-15,5 kWh ngekhilomitha elingu-100, izindleko zizoba ngu-0,056 euros. Isewuhhafu wentengo kaphethiloli.

Ukushaja ngokushesha kubiza kakhulu. Uma sicabanga ukuthi intela ingu-€ 0,69 kWh ngayinye, uthola inani elingu-€ 0,11 ngekhilomitha. Lokhu kukubeka ezingeni nemoto kaphethiloli. Ukuvama kokushaja okusheshayo kuncike, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ekutheni yiziphi izinketho zokushaja ezitholakala ekhaya nokuthi mangaki amakhilomitha owahambayo ngosuku. Kukhona abashayeli bezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi abadinga ukuyisebenzisa kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa kukhona nabashayeli bezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi abashaja ngokushesha cishe zonke izinsuku.

Isibonelo: igalofu vs i-e-galofu

Ake sithathe nesibonelo esithile sezimoto ezimbili ezifanayo: iVolkswagen e-Golf kanye neGolf 1.5 TSI. I-e-golf inamandla angu-136. I-1.5 TSI enamandla angu-130 hp inketho kaphethiloli eseduze ngokwezici. Ngokomkhiqizi, le Golf ishayela okungu-1 kokungu-20. Ngenani likaphethiloli elingu-1,65 euros, lokhu kungu-0,083 euros ngekhilomitha.

I-E-golf idla u-13,2 kWh ngekhilomitha. Uma sicabanga ukuthi inkokhiso yasekhaya ingu-€ 0,22 kWh ngayinye, izindleko zikagesi ngu-€ 0,029 ngekhilomitha. Ngakho-ke ishibhile kakhulu. Uma ukhokhisa kuphela ngeziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi ngo-€ 0,36 kWh ngayinye, izindleko ngekhilomitha ngalinye ngu-€ 0,048, okusecishe kube ingxenye yezindleko zikaphethiloli ngekhilomitha.

Ingakanani inzuzo yokugcina yezindleko zokushayela ngogesi incike ezintweni ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa, indlela yokushaja kanye nenani lamakhilomitha ahanjiwe.

Ezinye izindleko

Ngakho, mayelana nezindleko zikagesi, imoto kagesi iyakhanga ngokwezimali. Izimoto zikagesi zinenani lezinye izinzuzo zezezimali kanye nokubi. Ekugcineni, sizozibheka ngokushesha. Inguqulo enwetshiwe yalokhu ingatholakala esihlokweni sezindleko zemoto kagesi.

Izindleko

Umphumela owaziwayo ngezimoto zikagesi ukuthi ziyabiza ukuzithenga. Lokhu kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ibhethri kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibizayo ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni kwayo. Izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ziye zishibhe futhi ziyanda izinhlobo ezibonakala esigabeni esingezansi. Kodwa-ke, inani lokuthenga lisephezulu kakhulu kunemoto eqhathaniswa nophethiloli noma udizili.

insiza

Mayelana nezindleko zokunakekela, izimoto zikagesi ziphinde zibe nenzuzo. Isitimela esisebenza ngogesi asiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi sijwayele ukuguga futhi sidabuke kunenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Amathayi angaguga ngokushesha ngenxa yesisindo esiphezulu netorque. Amabhuleki emoto kagesi asagqwalile, kodwa agqoke kancane kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imoto kagesi ngokuvamile ingabhuleka enjini kagesi.

intela yomgwaqo

Abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi akudingeki bakhokhe intela yomgwaqo. Lokhu kusebenza kuze kube okungenani u-2024. Ngo-2025, ingxenye yesine yentela yomgwaqo kufanele ikhokhwe, futhi kusukela ngo-2026, inani eliphelele. Kodwa-ke, nakuba lokhu kusengabalwa phakathi kwezinzuzo zemoto kagesi.

Amamitha

Inani eliyinsalela lazo zombili izimoto zikagesi nelikaphethiloli lisangaqiniseki. Okulindelekile ezimotweni zikagesi kuhle. Emotweni enengxenye engu-C, inani eliyinsalela eminyakeni emihlanu lisazoba phakathi kuka-40% no-47,5% yenani elisha, ngokocwaningo lwe-ING. Imoto kaphethiloli evela esigabeni esifanayo izogcina u-35% kuya ku-42% yenani layo elisha.

Umshuwalense

Ngenxa yomshwalense, izindleko zokushayela ngokudonsa ugesi ziphinde zibe phezulu kancane. Ngokuvamile, kubiza kakhulu umshuwalense wemoto kagesi. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kubangelwa iqiniso elilula lokuthi zibiza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zokulungisa ziphakeme. Lokhu kubonakala ezindlekweni zomshwalense.

I-athikili yezindleko zemoto kagesi idingida amaphuzu angenhla ngokuningiliziwe. Kuzophinda kubalwe, ngokusekelwe ezibonelweni ezimbalwa, ukuthi imoto kagesi ifaneleka ngaphansi komugqa.

isiphetho

Nakuba sike sathinta kafushane ezinye izindleko ze-EV, lesi sihloko sigxile ezindlekweni zokushaja. Ziningi izinto okumele zihlanganiswe kulokhu. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukunikeza impendulo ecacile embuzweni: yimalini imoto kagesi? Yiqiniso, ungabona amanani aphakathi. Uma ukhokhisa kakhulu ekhaya, izindleko zisobala kakhulu. Futhi kuyindlela eshibhe kakhulu: ugesi ubiza cishe u-€ 0,22 kWh ngayinye. Uma une-driveway, qiniseka ukuthi unesiteshi sakho sokushaja.

Ukushaja eziteshini zokushaja zomphakathi kubiza kakhulu, kufinyelela ku-€ 0,36 kWh ngayinye. Noma kunjalo, uthola okuncane kakhulu ngekhilomitha kunemoto kaphethiloli eqhathaniswa nayo. Ngakho-ke, izimoto zikagesi ziyathakazelisa, ikakhulukazi uma ushayela amakhilomitha amaningi, nakuba ukushaja okusheshayo kusadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe kaningi. Ngokushaja okusheshayo, izindleko ngekhilomitha ngalinye ziseduze nalezo zikaphethiloli.

Nokho, empeleni, kuzoba inhlanganisela yokushaja ekhaya, ukushaja esiteshini sokushaja somphakathi, nokushaja ngeshaja esheshayo. Ukuthi uwina kangakanani kuya ngezilinganiso kule mix. Kodwa-ke, iqiniso lokuthi izindleko zikagesi zizoba ngaphansi kakhulu kunezindleko zikaphethiloli zingashiwo ngokuqinisekile.