Iziqalo zizoqala!
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenjini ludinga ukuqaliswa kwamandla angaphandle. Ukuze ufeze lo msebenzi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa idivayisi eyengeziwe ezoqala ngokuthembekile ngisho neyunithi yokushayela enkulu kakhulu njalo. Ezimotweni, lo msebenzi wenziwa isiqalisi, okuyimoto ye-DC. Ngaphezu kwalokho ifakwe amagiya nezinhlelo zokulawula.
Isebenza kanjani?
Isiqalisi siyithuluzi elincanyana kodwa elihlakaniphile elinqoba ukumelana kwe-shaft lapho liqalwa ngetorque ephansi ngokuqhathaniswa. Idivayisi yokuqala ifakwe isondo elincane legiya (okuthiwa igiya), okuthi lapho injini "iqalisiwe", ixhumane ne-mesh ekhethekile ezungeze isiyingi se-flywheel noma i-torque converter. Ngenxa yesivinini esikhulu sokuqalisa esiguqulelwe ku-torque, i-crankshaft iyakwazi ukuzungeziswa futhi injini ingaqalwa.
Ugesi kuya kuMechanical
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu se-starter yi-DC motor, equkethe i-rotor ne-stator ene-windings, kanye ne-commutator ne-carbon brushes. I-stator windings yakha insimu kazibuthe. Ngemuva kokuthi ama-windings anikwe amandla amandla aqondile avela ebhethri, okwamanje iqondiswe ku-commutator ngokusebenzisa amabhulashi ekhabhoni. Khona-ke i-current igeleza ku-rotor windings, idale insimu yamagnetic. Izinkambu kazibuthe eziphambene ze-stator ne-rotor zibangela ukuthi lezi ziphenduke. Iziqalisi ziyehluka komunye nomunye ngokwamandla kanye namakhono okuqala okushayela osayizi abahlukene. Amadivayisi anamandla aphansi aklanyelwe izimoto ezincane nezithuthuthu asebenzisa odonsa unomphela ku-stator windings, futhi esimweni seziqalisi ezinkulu, ama-electromagnets.
Nge-gearbox yejubane elilodwa
Ngakho, injini isivele isebenza. Kodwa-ke, umbuzo obalulekile usazoxazululwa: kanjani manje ukuvikela isiqalisi ekusheshiseni njalo ngedrayivu esebenzayo kakade? Igiya elishiwo ngenhla (igiya) lishayelwa yileli elibizwa nge-freewheel, elaziwa ngokuthi yi-bendx. Ivikela ijubane elingaphezu kwejubane, ikuvumela ukuthi uvule futhi uvale igiya lokuqalisa ngokuhlanganyela eduze kwesiyingi se-flywheel. Isebenza kanjani? Ngemva kokuvulwa komlilo, igiya lihanjiswa yi-T-bar ekhethekile ukuze lizibandakanye eduze komjikelezo we-flywheel. Ngokulandelayo, ngemva kokuqala injini, amandla ayacishwa. Iringi ibuyela endaweni yayo yokuqala, ikhulula igiya ekuhlanganyeleni.
I-Relay, okungukuthi i-electromagnetic switchkushisa
Futhi ekugcineni, amagama ambalwa mayelana nendlela yokuletha okwamanje ku-starter, noma kunalokho kumawindi ayo abaluleke kakhulu. Uma ivuliwe, i-current igeleza iye ku-relay, bese iba kumawindi amabili: ukuhlehlisa nokubamba. Ngosizo lwe-electromagnetic, i-T-beam ivuliwe, ehambisana negiya ngokuzibandakanya eduze komjikelezo we-flywheel. Umnyombo ku-solenoid edluliselwe ucindezelwa koxhumana nabo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, injini yokuqalisa iyaqalwa. Ukunikezwa kwamandla okujikajika kokudonsela ngaphakathi kuvaliwe (igiya selivele "lixhunyiwe" ukuze libe nenetha elizungeza isiyingi se-flywheel), futhi amandla ayaqhubeka nokugeleza endaweni yokuvala ukubamba kuze kube yilapho injini yemoto iqala. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo futhi kulokhu kuphenduka, i-current iyayeka ukugeleza futhi i-Taurus ibuyela endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni.
