Ukunciphisa kanye neqiniso

Ukukhathazeka ngemvelo kuhlobene kakhulu nemboni yezimoto. Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kanye nezinjini zokushuna ukuze zibe nezindinganiso eziqinile zaseYurophu kubangele abakhiqizi bezimoto abaningi ukuba bakhiphe izinwele zabo emakhanda abo. Omunye umkhiqizi wenjini waze wakhohlisa ngokulanda isofthiwe yenjini eyayisebenza ngendlela ehlukile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa eziteshini zokuxilonga futhi ngokuhlukile ngesikhathi sokushayela okuvamile, okwabangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwenkampani.

Abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo eminingi, okuhlanganisa i-Fiat, i-Skoda, i-Renault, i-Ford, baqhubekela phambili ekwehliseni izinga lokunciphisa umoya okhishwayo. Ukwehlisa kuhlotshaniswa nokuncipha kwamandla enjini, futhi ukulingana kwamandla (ukuze kufane namandla ezimoto ezinkulu) kufinyelelwa ngokungezwa kwama-turbocharger, umjovo kaphethiloli oqondile kanye nesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo.

Ake sicabange ukuthi lolu shintsho lusilungele ngempela yini? Abakhiqizi baziqhayisa ngokusetshenziswa kancane kukaphethiloli kanye netorque ephezulu ngenxa yokusebenzisa i-turbocharger. Ungabethemba?

Phambilini, abantu bakadizili babazi kahle ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba ne-turbocharger. Okokuqala, lapho uqala i-turbocharger, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kukhuphuka ngokushesha. Okwesibili, lesi esinye isici esingaholela ezindlekweni ezinkulu uma sisetshenziswa ngokungalungile.

Abantu baseMelika sebevele bafakazele ekuhlolweni kwabo ukuthi izimoto ezincane ezine-turbocharged azikho ukonga kakhulu ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile futhi zisheshisa kakhulu kunezimoto ezinamayunithi amakhulu afiselekayo ngokwemvelo.

Lapho uthenga imoto, ubheka ikhathalogu kanye nengxenye yokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, empeleni uyakhohliswa. Idatha yekhathalogi yokusha ikalwa elabhorethri, hhayi emgwaqeni.

Ukudonsa amandla enjini kukuthinta kanjani ukuguga kwayo?

Kungashiwo ukuthi izimoto ezihambe amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha ngaphandle kokulungiswa okukhulu, ngeshwa azisakhiqizwa. Yonke imoto kufanele ibhidlike ukuze umenzi enze imali ngezingxenye kanye nokunakekelwa. Ngiyesaba, nokho, ukuthi ukunika amandla izinjini nokudweba i-110 hp. yezinjini 1.2 ngokuqinisekile ngeke kwenyuse impilo yenjini. Akudingekile ukuba sikhathazeke ngalokhu uma sisebenzisa imoto enewaranti, kodwa kuthiwani uma iphela?

Isibonelo esilula izinjini zezithuthuthu. Lapho, ngisho ngaphandle kwe-turbocharger, ifinyelela ku-180 hp. nge-1 litre lamandla - lokhu kuyinto evamile. Kodwa-ke, sicela uqaphele ukuthi izithuthuthu azinawo amamayela aphezulu. Izinjini ezintsha ezifakwe kuzo mancane amathuba okuthi zifinyelele ku-100 km. Uma befika phakathi, kusazoba kuningi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, singabheka izimoto zaseMelika. Zinezinjini ezishisekelayo ngokwemvelo zokufuduka okukhulu namandla aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa. Omunye angase azibuze ukuthi akukona yini ukuqondana nje ukuthi bahamba amabanga amade, uma kubhekwa amabanga amaMelika awahambayo lapho eya emsebenzini.

Uma sesinqume ukuthenga imoto ene-turbocharged, kufanele siyisebenzise kanjani i-turbocharger?

I-turbocharger iyidivayisi enembe kakhulu. I-rotor yayo ijikeleza ngokuphenduka okungafika kwangu-250 ngomzuzu.

Ukuze i-turbocharger isikhonze isikhathi eside futhi ngaphandle kokwehluleka, kufanele ukhumbule imithetho embalwa.

1. Kufanele sinakekele inani elifanele lamafutha.
2. Amafutha akufanele aqukathe ukungcola, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuwushintsha ngesikhathi esifanele ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto.
3. Qaphela isimo sohlelo lokungenisa umoya ukuze umzimba wangaphandle ungangeni kuwo.
4. Gwema ukucisha kungazelelwe kwemoto futhi uvumele i-turbine ukuthi iphole. Isibonelo, vumela injini isebenze imizuzu embalwa ngesikhathi sekhefu emzileni lapho i-turbine yayisebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma i-turbocharger yonakele?

Ukwehluleka kwe-turbocharger ezimweni eziningi kubangelwa ukusebenza okungalungile kwenjini noma enye yezingxenye zayo. Akuvamile ukuthi kwenzeke ukuthi ihluleke ngenxa yokusebenza okungalungile noma ukugqoka.

Uma ihluleka ngemva kwewaranti yomkhiqizi, sibhekene nokukhetha: ukuthenga entsha noma ukuvuselela kabusha. Isixazululo sokugcina sizobe sishibhile, kodwa sizosebenza kahle?

Ukuvuselelwa kwe-turbocharger kuhlanganisa ukuyihlakaza ibe izingxenye, ukuyihlanza kahle kumadivayisi akhethekile, bese ishintsha ama-bearings, izindandatho nama-o-rings. Ishafti elimele noma isondo lokucindezela kufanele kushintshwe. Isigaba esibaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisa i-rotor, bese uhlola ikhwalithi ye-turbocharger.

Kuvela ukuthi ukuvuselelwa kwe-turbocharger kulingana nokuthenga entsha, ngoba zonke izakhi zayo zihlolwe futhi zishintshwe. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isikhiqizi se-turbocharger sibe nezinto ezifanele futhi sisebenze nezingxenye zangempela. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukunaka ukuthi bayahlinzeka yini ngesiqinisekiso sezinsizakalo zabo.

Ngeke siguqule izikhathi. Kuncike kithina ukuthi iyiphi imoto esiyikhethayo, ingabe izoba namandla amancane namandla amakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa? Noma mhlawumbe thatha engenayo i-turbocharger? Izimoto zikagesi cishe zizobusa esikhathini esizayo noma kunjalo 😉

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