Amaqhawe ezenhlalo: iSkoda Octavia yokuqala

Ukusuka kwamabhomu aseSoviet nawaseMelika kuya ekuthekelweni okuphumelela kakhulu kweCzechoslovakia yamakhomanisi

Kuze kube yiMpi Yezwe Yesibili, iCzechoslovakia yayinenye yezimboni zezimoto ezithuthuke kakhulu emhlabeni - enendathane yabakhiqizi, amamodeli kanye nengcebo engathandeki yezixazululo zayo zobuchwepheshe nezokuklama.

Vele, kube nezinguquko ezinkulu ngemuva kwempi. Okokuqala, ngo-Ephreli nangoMeyi 1945, amabhomu e-Allied acekela phansi amafektri eSkoda ePilsen naseMlada Boleslav.

Lesi sithombe sefayela sibonisa i-US 324th Bomber Squadron isendleleni eya emsebenzini wayo wokugcina wempi, ukuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu kwemboni ye-Skoda e-Pilsen.

Nakuba ngaleso sikhathi bakhiqizela amaJalimane izikhali zempi, lezi zitshalo ezimbili zisasebenza kuze kube manje, njengoba ziseduze ngokuyingozi nezindawo ezinabantu abaningi futhi ingozi yokulimala kwabantu iphezulu. Entwasahlobo ka-1945, impi yayizophela, futhi kwacaca ukuthi imikhiqizo yezimboni ezimbili ngeke ikwazi ukufinyelela phambili. Isinqumo sokuhlasela uPilsen ngo-Ephreli 25 singokwepolitiki - ukuze izimoto nemishini ingangeni ezandleni zamasosha aseSoviet. Kwashona abasebenzi basefekthri abayisithupha kuphela ePilsen, kodwa kwaqhuma amabhomu ngephutha acekela phansi izindlu ezingama-335 kwashona abanye abangu-67.

Isitshalo saseMladá Boleslav saqhunyiswa ngamabhomu yiSoviet Petlyakov Pe-2, cishe usuku ngemva kokuphela kwempi.

Okubi nakakhulu ukuqhunyiswa kwebhomu kukaMlada Boleslav okwenziwa yiSoviet Air Force ngoMeyi 9 - cishe usuku ngemuva kokuzinikela kweJalimane. Idolobha liyindawo ebalulekile yezokuthutha futhi amasosha amaningi aseJalimane abuthene lapha. Isizathu sokuhlasela siwukungathobeli imigomo yokuzinikela. Kwafa abantu abangu-500, abangu-150 kubo kwakungabantu baseCzechoslovakia, imboni yeSkoda yawa.

Nakhu ukuthi isitshalo esiseMlada Boleslav sasinakekela kanjani amabhomu aseSoviet. Isithombe esivela eCzech State Archives.

Naphezu komonakalo, i-Skoda yakwazi ukuvuselela ukukhiqiza ngokushesha ngokuhlanganisa i-Popular 995 yangaphambi kwempi. Futhi ngo-1947, lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-Moskvich-400 (cishe i-Opel Kadett yemodeli ka-1938) iqala e-USSR, amaCzech ayelungile. ukuphendula ngemodeli yabo yokuqala yangemva kwempi - i-Skoda 1101 Tudor.

Eqinisweni, lena akuyona imodeli entsha ngokuphelele, kodwa nje imoto yesimanje kusukela kuma-30s. Iqhutshwa yinjini engu-1.1 litre enamandla angama-32 (uma kuqhathaniswa, injini yeMuscovite ikhiqiza amandla amahhashi angama-23 kuphela ngevolumu efanayo).

1101 Tudor - imodeli yokuqala yangemva kwempi ye-Skoda

Ushintsho olubaluleke kakhulu ku-Tudor lusemklamo - osenamaphiko aphumayo, hhayi umklamo we-pontoon, kodwa namanje kakhulu kunesimanje kunamamodeli angaphambi kwempi.

I-Tudor ayiyona imodeli enkulu: izinto zokusetshenziswa ziyashoda, futhi eCzechoslovakia yezenhlalakahle kakade (ngemuva kuka-1948), isakhamuzi esivamile asikwazi ngisho nokuphupha imoto yaso. Ngo-1952, isibonelo, kwabhaliswa izimoto ezizimele ezingu-53 kuphela. Ingxenye yomkhiqizo iya ebuthweni kuhulumeni nezikhulu zeqembu, kodwa ingxenye yengonyama - efika ku-90% - ithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ukuze inikeze umbuso imali eguqukayo. Yingakho i-Skoda 1101-1102 inezinguquko eziningi: i-convertible, i-wagon yeminyango emithathu ngisho ne-roadster.

ISkoda 1200. Izakhamizi ezijwayelekile zaseCzechoslovakia azikwazi ukuyithenga, noma ngabe zinamandla.

Ngo-1952, i-Skoda 1200 yanezelwa ohlwini - imodeli yokuqala enomzimba wensimbi, kuyilapho uTudor ayenayo ingxenye yokhuni. Injini isivele ikhiqiza amahhashi angu-36, futhi ku-Skoda 1201 - amahhashi angu-45. Izinguqulo zenqola yesiteshi engu-1202 ekhiqizwa e-Vrahlabi ithunyelwa kuyo yonke ikamu lezenhlalakahle, kuhlanganise neBulgaria, njenge-ambulensi. Akekho e-Eastern Bloc osekhiqize lolu hlobo lwemoto okwamanje.

ISkoda 1202 Combi njenge ambulensi. Futhi zingeniswe eBulgaria, yize singakwazanga ukuthola izibalo eziqondile. Abanye babo basasebenza ezibhedlela zesifunda ngawo-80.

Engxenyeni yesibili yawo-50, ngemva kokuwa kweStalinism kanye nenkolo yobuntu, ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwaqala eCzechoslovakia, kokubili okungokomoya nezimboni. Ukukhanya kwayo okukhanyayo ku-Skoda kuyimodeli entsha ye-440. Ekuqaleni yayibizwa ngokuthi i-Spartak, kodwa yabe ishiya igama. - akubonakali kunezinguquko kakhulu kubathengi abangase baseNtshonalanga. Uchungechunge lokuqala luxhaswe yinjini eyaziwayo engu-1.1-horsepower 40-litre, ilandelwe yi-445 1.2-litre 45-horsepower variant. Lena imoto yokuqala ebizwa ngeSkoda Octavia.

ISkoda 440 Spartak. Kodwa-ke, igama le-Thracian gladiator lasuswa ngokushesha ukuze abathengi ngemuva kwe- "Iron Curtain" bangayitholi futhi "njengekhomanisi". I-CSFR Ilangazelela Imali Engaguquguquki

Futhi, amaCzech agxile ekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe ahlinzeka ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene - kukhona i-sedan, kukhona inqola yesiteshi enezicabha ezintathu, kukhona ngisho ne-roadster esezingeni eliphezulu ethambile futhi eqinile ebizwa ngokuthi i-Felicia. Nazo ziyizinhlobo zezemidlalo ezingama-twin-carb - injini engu-1.1 litre ikhipha amandla angu-50, kanti engu-1.2-litre yenza angu-55.

Skoda Octavia, 1955 ukukhululwa

Ekuqaleni kwawo-60, isitshalo eMladá Boleslav sakhiwe kabusha ngokuphelele futhi saqala ukukhiqiza imodeli entsha ngokuphelele enenjini yangemuva - Skoda 1000 MB (kusuka kuMlada Boleslav, nakuba в Ngomlando wezimoto waseBulgaria, yaziwa nangokuthi "abamhlophe abayi-1000".). Kodwa injini yangemuva kanye nenqola yesiteshi akuyona inhlanganisela enhle kakhulu, ngakho ukukhiqizwa kwe-Skoda Octavia Combi kwaqhubeka kuze kube sekuqaleni kwawo-70.