Zingaki izimoto emhlabeni ezinenkanyezi kuphawu
Okuqukethwe
Lo mkhiqizo udume kakhulu ngenxa yamahlaya i-Smokey kanye ne-Bandit, equkethe imodeli ye-Trans AM. Ngemva kokukhishwa kwefilimu, izimoto zePontiac zikleliswe izinyanga eziyisithupha kusengaphambili.
Abakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto zakwamanye amazwe banebheji yenkanyezi ezimotweni zabo. Kodwa umlando wama-logo nezincazelo zawo ziyehluka. Abanye bamataniswa negama lomkhiqizo, umsebenzi wabanye wukugqamisa imoto nokwenza ikhumbuleke.
I-Mercedes-Benz (Germany)
Izimoto zakwaMercedes-Benz zikhiqizwa yinkampani yaseJalimane iDaimler AG. Ingenye yabakhiqizi abathathu abakhulu baseJalimane abakhiqiza izimoto ze-premium.
Umlando wenkampani waqala ngo-Okthoba 1, 1883, lapho uKarl Benz esungula uhlobo lweBenz & Cie. Le nkampani yakha inqola enamasondo amathathu ezishayelayo enenjini kaphethiloli, yase iqala ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezinamasondo amane.
I-logo ngesimo senkanyezi enamaphuzu amathathu embuthanweni yavela ngo-1906. Yayifanekisela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo emhlabeni, emoyeni nasolwandle. Abaqambi bashintsha ukuma nombala izikhathi eziningana, kodwa abazange bathinte ukubukeka kwenkanyezi. Ibheji lokugcina lalihlobise izimoto ngo-1926 ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kwe-Benz & Cie kanye ne-Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft, eyayivame ukuqhudelana. Kusukela lapho, akakashintshi.
Imoto yakwaMercedes-Benz
Igama lavela ngo-1900, lapho usomabhizinisi wase-Austria u-Emil Jellinek eyala ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zomjaho ezingu-36 ezinenjini eqinisiwe yakwaDaimler. Ngaphambilini, wabamba iqhaza emijahweni futhi wakhetha igama lendodakazi yakhe, uMercedes, njengegama lokuqamba.
Imiqhudelwano ibe yimpumelelo. Ngakho-ke, usomabhizinisi ubeke umbandela wenkampani: ukubiza izimoto ezintsha "Mercedes". Sinqume ukungaphikisani neklayenti, ngoba umyalo omkhulu kangaka ube yimpumelelo enkulu. Kusukela lapho, ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kwezinkampani, izimoto ezintsha ziye zakhiqizwa ngaphansi kohlobo lweMercedes-Benz.
Ngo-1998, imoto enenkanyezi efanekisweni yayo yasindisa uMongameli waseGeorgia u-Eduard Shevardnadze emzamweni wokubulala. Ubeshayela imodeli ye-S600.
I-Subaru (Japan)
I-automaker yaseJapane enkulu kunazo zonke iyingxenye ye-Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd, eyasungulwa ngo-1915 ukuze icwaninge amathuluzi ezindiza. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-35, inkampani yahlakazwa yaba yiminyango engu-12. Abanye babo bahlangana futhi bakhulula imoto yokuqala ye-Subaru 1500 enesakhiwo somzimba we-monocoque. Abathengi bayifanise nesinambuzane ngenxa yezibuko eziyindilinga ezibuka ngemuva ezitholakala ngenhla kwe-hood. Zazibukeka njengezimpondo zezinambuzane.
Okungaphumelelanga kakhulu kwakuyimodeli ye-Tribeca. Ithole ukugxekwa kakhulu ngenxa ye-grille yayo engajwayelekile kanti yayekwa ngo-2014. Iminyaka eminingana manje, i-Subaru Outback station wagon, i-Subaru Impreza sedan kanye ne-Subaru Forester crossover bekulokhu kungumholi wezokuthengisa eRussia iminyaka eminingana.
Umshini we-Subaru
Ilogo yenkampani ihlotshaniswa negama. Igama elithi Subaru lisho "iqoqo lenkanyezi yePleiades kumlaza weTaurus". Umkhiqizo uthole leli gama ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kwezigaba ezimbalwa. Ngo-1953, abaklami benza uphawu ngendlela ye-oval yesiliva enezinkanyezi eziyisithupha ezidlulele ngaphesheya kwemiphetho yayo. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-5, ibheji yaba igolide bese njalo ukushintsha isimo nombala.
I-Chrysler (USA)
Le nkampani yavela ngo-1924 futhi ngokushesha yaba enkulu kunazo zonke eMelika ngokuhlangana noMaxwell noWillys-Overland. Kusukela ngo-2014, umkhiqizo ubulokhu ulawula ngokugcwele i-Italian automaker Fiat ngemuva kokuqothuka. Amaveni amancane e-Pacifica nawe-Town&Country, i-Stratus convertible, i-PT Cruiser hatchback abe amamodeli adumile namamodeli aqashelwa ngobuningi.
Imoto yokuqala yale nkampani ifakwe i-hydraulic braking system. Kwabe sekulandela iChrysler 300 eyayiqopha umlando ku-230 km/h ngaleso sikhathi. Izimoto seziwine imijaho kumathrekhi amaringi izikhathi eziningi.
Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, inkampani yagxila kuphrojekthi yomshini onenjini ye-turbine yegesi futhi ngo-1962 yaqala ukulinga ngesibindi. Kwanqunywa ukunikela ngamamodeli e-Chrysler Turbine Car angama-50 kubantu baseMelika ukuze bahlolwe. Isimo esiyinhloko ukuba khona kwelayisensi yokushayela kanye nemoto yakho. Abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingu-30 baba nesithakazelo.
Ngenxa yokukhethwa, izakhamuzi zezwe zathola i-Chrysler Turbine Car izinyanga ezingu-3 ezinombandela wokukhokha uphethiloli. Inkampani yanxephezela ngokulungiswa kanye nemicimbi enomshwalense. Abantu baseMelika bashintsha phakathi kwabo, ngakho bangaphezu kuka-200 abantu ababambe iqhaza ezivivinyweni.
Imoto kaChrysler
Ngo-1966, imiphumela yamenyezelwa, futhi kwavela ulwazi emaphephandabeni mayelana nekhono lemoto ukushayela ngisho nebhotela lamantongomane ne-tequila. Ngemva kwalokho, inkampani yaqhubeka nokucwaninga. Kodwa ukuze kwethulwe inqwaba yamamodeli, kwakudingeka izimali eziqinile, inkampani eyayingenazo.
Iphrojekthi yaphela, kodwa uChrysler waqhubeka nokukhiqiza izimoto futhi ngo-2016 watshala imali eningi ekukhiqizeni ama-hybrids ngophethiloli owodwa nezinjini ezimbili zikagesi.
I-Polestar (Sweden/China)
Uhlobo lwePolestar lwasungulwa umshayeli wemijaho waseSweden u-Jan Nilsson ngo-1996. Ilogo yenkampani iyinkanyezi esiliva enamaphoyinti amane.
Ngo-2015, isigxobo esigcwele sadluliselwa kwaVolvo. Ngokubambisana, sikwazile ukucwenga uhlelo lukaphethiloli lwezimoto futhi silwethule ezimotweni zezemidlalo ezawina imijaho emqhudelwaneni waseSweden ngo-2017. Izinhlobo zomjaho zeVolvo C30 zasheshe zangena emakethe, futhi kwasetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuphumelelayo ekuklanyweni kwezimoto zezentengiselwano.
Umshini wePolestar
Ngo-2018, lo mkhiqizo wakhulula i-Polestar 1 coupe yezemidlalo, eyaba yimbangi ye-Tesla Model 3 eyaziwa kakhulu futhi yahamba nge-160 km ngaphandle kokushaja. Le nkampani yathatha imodeli yeVolvo S60 njengesisekelo. Kodwa umehluko wawuyi-spoiler othomathikhi kanye nophahla oluqinile lwengilazi.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2020, i-Polestar 2 kagesi yaphuma emgqeni womhlangano ngophahla lwe-panoramic, abasizi be-elekthronikhi, isondo lokuqondisa elisebenzayo nokulawula izwi. Imali eyodwa yanele u-500 km. Imoto enebheji yenkanyezi bekuzoba imodeli yokuqala yomkhiqizo ekhiqizwe ngobuningi. Kodwa ekwindla, inkampani yakhumbula konke ukusatshalaliswa kwawo ngenxa yesiphambeko ohlelweni lokuphakelwa kukagesi.
I-Western Star (USA)
I-Western Star yavulwa ngo-1967 njengengxenye ye-Daimler Trucks North America, umkhiqizi omkhulu waseMelika. Lo mkhiqizo ngokushesha waba yimpumelelo naphezu kokuwa kokuthengisa. Ngo-1981, iVolvo Trucks yathenga isiteki esigcwele, okwathi ngemva kwalokho amaloli anekhebhu ephezulu ngaphezu kwenjini aqala ukungena emakethe ngenjongo yaseNyakatho Melika.
Umshini we-Western Star
Namuhla, inkampani ihlinzeka izimakethe ngezinsimbi ezisindayo zesigaba 8 ezinamandla okuthwala amathani angaphezu kuka-15: 4700, 4800, 4900, 5700, 6900. Zihlukile ngokubukeka, indawo ye-asi elawulwayo, amandla enjini, uhlobo lwebhokisi likagiya, ukunethezeka kwe indawo yokulala.
I-Venucia (China)
Ngo-2010, i-Dongfeng ne-Nissan yethula ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zaseVenucia. Lolu hlobo lunophawu lwenkanyezi enamaphuzu amahlanu ezimotweni zalo. Zifanekisela inhlonipho, izindinganiso, izifiso ezinhle kakhulu, impumelelo, amaphupho. Namuhla, umkhiqizo ukhiqiza ama-sedans kagesi nama-hatchbacks.
Imoto yaseVenucia
E-China, i-Venucia R50 (efana ne-Nissan Tiida) kanye ne-Venucia Star hybrid enenjini ye-turbo kanye ne-superstructure kagesi zithandwa kakhulu. Ngo-Ephreli 2020, inkampani yavula ukuthengiswa kwangaphambili kwe-crossover ye-Venucia XING (ehunyushwe kusukela ku-Chinese ngokuthi "inkanyezi"). Imoto iwukuthuthukiswa okuzimele ngokuphelele komkhiqizo. Mayelana nobukhulu, incintisana neHyundai Santa Fe eyaziwayo. Le modeli ifakwe i-panoramic sunroof, amasondo anemibala emibili, i-intelligent system, i-digital instrument panel.
I-JAC (China)
I-JAC yaziwa njengomphakeli wamaloli nezimoto zezentengiselwano. Yasungulwa ngo-1999 futhi namuhla ingenye yezimboni ezinkulu zezimoto zaseShayina ezi-5 eziphezulu. I-JAC ithumela ngaphandle amabhasi, ama-forklift, amaloli eRussia.
Ngo-2001, umenzi wangena esivumelwaneni nabakwaHyundai futhi waqala ukunikeza imakethe ikhophi yemodeli ye-H1 ebizwa ngokuthi i-Refine. Ngaphansi kohlobo lwe-JAC, kwaphuma izinhlobo zikagesi zamaloli akhululwe ngaphambilini. Kwethulwa ama-heavyweight afinyelela ku-370 km. Ngokusho kwabaphathi benkampani, ukuguga kwebhethri kungu-1 million km.
Umshini we-JAC
Lo mkhiqizo uphinde ukhiqize izimoto zikagesi zabagibeli. Imodeli edume kakhulu yi-JAC iEV7s. Ikhokhiswa ngehora elingu-1 esiteshini esikhethekile futhi ngo-7 kusuka kunethiwekhi yasendlini.
Ekuqaleni, ilogo yenkampani yayiyindilinga enenkanyezi enamaphuzu amahlanu. Kodwa ngemva kokwakhiwa kabusha, i-grille yezimoto ihlotshiswe nge-oval empunga enegama lomkhiqizo ngezinhlamvu ezinkulu.
I-Pontiac (USA)
IPontiac yakhiqiza izimoto kusukela ngo-1926 kuya ku-2009 futhi yayiyingxenye yenkampani yaseMelika iGeneral Motors. Yasungulwa ngokuthi "umfowabo omncane" wase-Oakland.
Uphawu lwePontiac lwaqanjwa ngomholi wesizwe samaNdiya. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni, i-grille yezimoto yayihlotshiswe nge-logo ngesimo sekhanda laseNdiya. Kodwa ngo-1956, umcibisholo obomvu obheke phansi waba uphawu. Ngaphakathi kunenkanyezi esiliva yokuhlonipha iPontiac Silver Streak edumile yango-1948.
Imoto yePontiac
Le nkampani yayisonqenqemeni lokuqothuka izikhathi eziningana. Okokuqala ngenxa Yokuwohloka Okukhulu Kwezomnotho, kwase kuba ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II. Kodwa ngo-1956, abaphathi bashintsha futhi amamodeli wesabelomali anomklamo onolaka avela emakethe.
I-Englon (China)
I-Englon iwuhlobo oluncane lwe-Geely futhi kusukela ngo-2010 ibikhiqiza izimoto ngesitayela sendabuko saseBrithani. Ahlotshiswe nge-logo enencazelo ye-heraldic. Isithonjana senziwa ngendlela yombuthano ohlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili. Ngakwesobunxele, kungemuva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kunezinkanyezi ezi-5, futhi ngakwesokudla, isibalo sowesifazane ophuzi.
Umshini we-Englon
E-China, imodeli yamatekisi i-TX5 idumile ngendlela yekhebhu yakudala enophahla lwengilazi ye-panoramic. Ngaphakathi kunembobo yokushaja umakhalekhukhwini kanye nerutha ye-Wi-Fi. Yaziwa nangokuthi i-crossover SX7. Imoto enezinkanyezi emfanekisweni ifakwe isikrini esikhulu sohlelo lwemultimedia nezinto eziningi ezifana nensimbi.
I-Askam (Turkey)
Inkampani ezimele i-Askam yavela ngo-1962, kodwa u-60% wamasheya ayo kwakungekaChrysler. Umkhiqizi wamukele bonke ubuchwepheshe bomlingani wakhe futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-2 amaloli "American" Fargo kanye neDeSoto anophawu lwenkanyezi enamaphoyinti amane angena emakethe. Bahehe umklamo ogqamile one-motif yasempumalanga.
Umshini we-Askam
Ukusebenzisana kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-1978. Khona-ke inkampani yaqhubeka nokukhiqiza amaloli, kodwa ngezindleko zezimali kazwelonke ngokuphelele. Kwakukhona ogandaganda bamaloli, amaloli angama-flatbed. Nokho, cishe kwakungekho okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
I-Berkeley (England)
Umlando womkhiqizo waqala ngo-1956, lapho umklami u-Lawrence Bond no-Berkeley Coachworks bangena ekuhlanganyeleni. Izimoto zezemidlalo zebhajethi ezinezinjini zezithuthuthu zavela emakethe. Ayehlotshiswe ngophawu oluyindilinga enegama lomkhiqizo, izinkanyezi ezi-5 kanye nohlamvu B phakathi.
Berkeley
Ekuqaleni, inkampani yaba yimpumelelo emangalisayo futhi yaqhudelana neMini eyayidumile ngaleso sikhathi. Inkampani ekhiqiza izimoto ezaziwayo iFord isiphenduke uphathina. Kodwa ngemva kweminyaka emi-4, uBerkeley waphelelwa yimali futhi wazibiza ngokuthi ucwile.
I-Facel Vega (France)
Inkampani yaseFrance yakhiqiza izimoto kusukela ngo-1954 kuya ku-1964. Ekuqaleni, wenza imizimba yezimoto zakwamanye amazwe, kodwa ikhanda likaJean Daninos lanquma ukugxila ekuthuthukiseni izimoto futhi lakhulula imodeli ye-FVS eneminyango emithathu. Lo mkhiqizo waqanjwa ngenkanyezi iVega (Vega) kumlaza weLyra.
Ngo-1956, inkampani yethula i-Facel Vega Excellence ethuthukisiwe eParis. Yayinezicabha ezine ngaphandle kwensika engu-B eyayivuleleka komunye nomunye. Kwaba lula ukusebenzisa umshini, kodwa umklamo wabonakala untekenteke.
Umshini we-Facel Vega
Enye imodeli yaziwa kakhulu - i-Facel Vega HK500. Udeshibhodi wakhe wawenziwa ngokhuni. Abaqambi bathuthukise uphawu lwemoto - izinkanyezi ezizungeze indilinga emnyama nephuzi enezinhlamvu ezimbili zomkhiqizo.
Ngo-1964, uJean Daninos wavala inkampani. Isizathu esihle kwaba ukwehla okukhulu ekuthengisweni ngenxa yokukhululwa kwemoto entsha ezingxenyeni zasekhaya. Imoto yaseFrance yabonakala ingathembekile, abathengi baqala ukukhononda. Kodwa namuhla kukhona futhi inkulumo mayelana ukuvuselelwa brand.
