Amathayi. Kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Meyi 2021 amalebula amasha. Asho ukuthini?
Kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Meyi 2021, izimfuneko ezintsha zase-Europe zamalebula nokumaka amathayi zizoqala ukusebenza. Amathayi ebhasi naweloli nawo azohambisana nemithetho emisha.
Amathayi ngeke esasetshenziswa kumakilasi ka-F no-G ngenxa yokungaguquki nokubamba okumanzi, ngakho isikali esisha sihlanganisa kuphela amakilasi angu-5 (A kuya ku-E). Izimpawu zamandla amasha zibonisa kangcono ukuthi ukonga uphethiloli kusebenza kuzo zombili i-ICE nezimoto zikagesi. Phansi, ikilasi lomsindo lihlale liboniswa ngenani lezinga lomsindo wangaphandle kuma-decibel. Ngokomthethonqubo omusha, ngaphezu kwelebula evamile, kuzoba nebheji yokubamba emigwaqweni eneqhwa kanye / noma ezimweni ezinzima zeqhwa. Lokhu kunikeza abathengi isamba sezinketho zamalebula ezi-4.
– I-Energy Efficiency Label ihlinzeka ngesigaba esicacile nesamukelwe ngokujwayelekile sokusebenza kwamasondo ngokuya ngokukwazi ukumelana nokugingqika, ukubhuleka okumanzi nomsindo osendaweni. Bazosiza abathengi ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho bethenga amathayi, njengoba kulula ukwahlulela ngamapharamitha amathathu. Lawa amapharamitha akhethiwe kuphela, eyodwa ngayinye ngokuya ngokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ibanga lokubhuleka nokunethezeka. Umshayeli ocophelelayo lapho ethenga amathayi kufanele ahlole nezivivinyo zamasondo ezinosayizi ofanayo noma ofana kakhulu nalowo amfunayo lapho azoqhathanisa khona.
futhi, phakathi kwezinye izinto: amabanga amabhuleki emigwaqweni eyomile naseqhweni (uma ebusika noma amathayi esizini yonke), ukubamba amakhona kanye nokumelana ne-hydroplaning. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanelekile ukukhuluma nochwepheshe wesevisi osebenza ngamasondo, kusho u-Piotr Sarnecki, oyi-CEO ye-Polish Tire Industry Association (PZPO).
Bheka futhi: Ingozi noma ukushayisana. Indlela yokuziphatha emgwaqeni?
Ilebula entsha inezigaba ezintathu ezifanayo njengangaphambili: ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli, ukubamba okumanzi kanye namazinga omsindo. Kodwa-ke, amabheji ekilasi lokubamba okumanzi kanye nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli ashintshiwe ukuze afane namalebula ezinto zikagesi zasekhaya. Amakilasi angenalutho asusiwe futhi isikali simakwe A kuya ku-E. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isigaba somsindo oncike ku-decibel sinikezwa ngendlela entsha, kusetshenziswa izinhlamvu A kuya ku-C.
Ilebula entsha ifaka phakathi izithombe zezithombe ezengeziwe zokwazisa mayelana nokukhuphuka kwamasondo eqhweni kanye/noma eqhweni (qaphela: isithombe esiphathelene nokubambelela eqhweni sisebenza kuphela kumathayi emoto yabagibeli). Zikhombisa ukuthi isondo lingasetshenziswa ezimeni ezithile zasebusika. Amalebula angase angabi nazimpawu, kuye ngokuthi imodeli yesondo, iqhwa kuphela, iqhwa kuphela, noma kokubili.
– Uphawu lokubamba eqhweni lodwa lisho isondo elakhelwe izimakethe zaseScandinavia naseFinnish, elinenhlanganisela yenjoloba ethambile ngisho nangaphezu kwamathayi avamile asebusika, ejwayele izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu kanye nezinkathi ezinde zeqhwa neqhwa emigwaqweni. Amathayi anjalo emigwaqweni eyomile noma emanzi emazingeni okushisa acishe abe ngu-0 degrees C nangaphezulu (okuvame ukuba njalo ekwindla nasebusika e-Central Europe) azokhombisa ukubamba okuncane kanye namabanga amade okubhuleka, ukwanda komsindo nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ngakho-ke, awakwazi ukufaka amathayi avamile asebusika namathayi esizini yonke aklanyelwe ubusika bethu,” kusho uPiotr Sarnetsky.
Ikhodi ye-QR eskenayo nayo yengeziwe kumalebula amasha - ukuze kufinyelelwe ngokushesha ku-European Product Database (EPREL), lapho ishidi lolwazi lomkhiqizo elilandekayo kanye nelebula lamasondo kutholakala khona. Ububanzi belebula yamasondo buzonwetshwa ukuze bufake amathayi amaloli nawebhasi, okuze kube manje kuphela amakilasi amalebula okudingeka aboniswe ekukhangiseni nasezintweni zokukhangisa zobuchwepheshe.
Inhloso yalezi zinguquko ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha, ezempilo, ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kanye nemvelo kwezokuthutha emgwaqeni ngokunikeza abasebenzisi bokugcina ulwazi oluhlosiwe, oluthembekile noluqhathanisekayo mayelana namathayi, okubavumela ukuba bakhethe amathayi asebenzisa uphethiloli osebenza kahle kakhulu, ukuphepha okukhulu emgwaqeni kanye nokunciphisa amazinga omsindo.
Izimpawu ezintsha zeqhwa neqhwa zikwenza kube lula kumsebenzisi wokugcina ukuthola nokuthenga amathayi aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile izifunda ezinezimo ezinzima zasebusika ezifana ne-Central and Eastern Europe, amazwe aseNordic noma izintaba.
Ilebula ebuyekeziwe iphinde isho umthelela omncane kwezemvelo. Ihlose ukusiza umsebenzisi wokugcina ukuthi akhethe amathayi ayongayo futhi ngenxa yalokho anciphise ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 yemoto endaweni ezungezile. Ulwazi olumayelana namazinga omsindo luzosiza ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa komsindo ohlobene nethrafikhi. Ngokukhetha amathayi ekilasi eliphezulu kakhulu mayelana nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzokwehliswa kube ngu-45 TWh ngonyaka. Lokhu kuhambisana nokonga cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-15 we-CO2 ekhishwayo ngonyaka. Lesi isici esibalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Nokho, lokhu kubaluleke nakakhulu kubashayeli be-EV kanye ne-PHEV (plug-in hybrid).
Bheka futhi: Electric Fiat 500
