I-Constant Velocity Joint (ngokuhlanganyela kwe-CV)

Ama-hinges (avamise ukubizwa nge-hokokinetic hinge (kusuka kwenye i-gr. Ὁμός "alinganayo / alinganayo" kanye ne "motion", "isivinini"), eng. Ama-Constant-velocity- ama-CV joints) avumela i-shaft ukuthi idlulise amandla nge-angle eguquguqukayo, ngejubane lokujikeleza njalo ngaphandle kokungezwani okukhulu noma ukushaya. Zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili. 

Izinqola zivikelwe nge-bushing yenjoloba, evame ukugcwala i-molybdenum grease (iqukethe ama-3-5% MoS2). Endabeni yokuqhekeka emkhonweni, amanzi angena ngaphakathi aholela ekuphenduleni kwe-MoS2 (2) H2O MoO2 (2) H2S, ngoba i-molybdenum dioxide inethonya elinamandla elibi. 

История 

I-cardan shaft, enye yezindlela zokuqala zokudlulisa amandla phakathi kwemiphini emibili nge-engeli, yasungulwa nguGerolamo Cardano ngekhulu le-16. Ayikwazanga ukugcina ijubane eliqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokujikeleza futhi yathuthukiswa nguRobert Hooke ngekhulu le-17, owaphakamisa ukuxhumana kokuqala kwejubane njalo, okubandakanya imiphini emibili yomphehli eyenziwe ngama-degree angama-90 ukuqeda ukushintshashintsha kwejubane. Manje lokhu sikubiza nge-gimbal ephindwe kabili. 

Izimila zikagesi zakuqala 

Amasistimu okushayela ngamasondo angaphambili asetshenziswa kuma-axle angaphambili e-Citroën Traction Avant kanye ne-Land Rover kanye nezimoto ezifanayo ezidonsa ngamasondo amane zisebenzisa amajoyinti atholakala endaweni yonke esikhundleni samajoyinti esivinini esingaguquki. Kulula ukuzenza, zingaba namandla ngendlela emangalisayo, futhi zisasetshenziselwa ukunikeza uxhumano oluguquguqukayo kwamanye ama-shaft okushayela lapho kungekho khona ukunyakaza okusheshayo. Kodwa-ke, ziba "ezimangelengele" futhi kube nzima ukuzungeza lapho zisebenza ngama-engeli aphezulu. 

Amajoyinti okuqala anama-angular velocities alinganayo 

Njengoba izinhlelo ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili zithandwa kakhulu nezimoto ezifana neBMC Mini zisebenzisa ama-compact transverse motors, ububi be-front-wheel drive buya ngokusobala. Ngokuya ngomklamo obunelungelo lobunikazi ngu-Alfred H. Rsepp ngo-1927 (i-Tracta hinge, eyaklanywa ngu-Pierre Fenay for Tracta, yayinelungelo lobunikazi ngo-1926), amahenjisi ejubane aqhubekayo axazulula eziningi zalezi zinkinga. Banikela ngokudluliswa kwamandla okushelelayo yize kunama-engeli amaningi okugoba. 

Ukuxhumeka kwendlela

Umcengezi weRzeppa 

Ihingi yeRzeppa (eyasungulwa ngu-Alfred H. Rserra ngo-1926) iqukethe umzimba oyindilinga onemisele engaphandle eyisithupha egobolondweni elingaphandle lesifazane. Indawo ngayinye ihola ibhola elilodwa. I-shaft yokufaka ingena maphakathi negiya lenkanyezi enkulu lensimbi elihlala ngaphakathi kwekheji eliyisiyingi. Iseli liyindilinga, kepha linamaphethelo avulekile, futhi imvamisa linemigodi eyisithupha ezungeze umjikelezo walo. Leli kheji kanye namagiya kufakwa enkomishini emicu okufakwe kuyo ishafu elinezintambo. Amabhola ayisithupha amakhulu ensimbi ahlala ngaphakathi kwezimbobo zezinkomishi futhi angena emigodini yezinyoni efakwe emifuleni ye-sprocket. Umphini wokukhipha inkomishi udlula esondweni lamasondo futhi uvikeleke nge-shaft nut. Le nhlanganisela ingamelana nezinguquko ezinkulu ze-engela lapho amasondo angaphambili ezungeziswa ngohlelo lokuqondisa; amabhokisi ajwayelekile eRzeppa angashintshwa ngama-degree angama-6-45 kanti amanye angashintshwa ngama-degree angama-48.

Umnyango weminwe emithathu

Lawa majoyinti asetshenziswa ekugcineni kwangaphakathi kwemishini yokushayela imoto. Ithuthukiswe nguMichel Orijn, uGlaenzer Spicer waseFrance. Ihinge linehlathi elineminwe emithathu elinezimbobo zokuya kushafti, futhi ezithupheni kukhona izihlahla ezimile ezimise okwemiphongolo kumabheringi enaliti. Ziza ngenkomishi eneziteshi ezintathu ezifanayo ezixhunywe kumehluko. Njengoba ukunyakaza ku-eksisi eyodwa kuphela, lolu hlelo olulula lusebenza kahle. Ziphinde zivumele ukunyakaza kwe-axial "dipping" ye-shaft ukuze i-motor inyakaze neminye imiphumela ingacindezeli ama-bearings. Amanani ajwayelekile ukunyakaza kwe-axial shaft okungu-50 mm kanye nokuchezuka kwe-angular kwama-degree angu-26. Ihinge ayinalo ibanga elingama-angular njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi zamahinji, kodwa ngokuvamile ishibhile futhi lisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokushayela amasondo angemuva noma ngaphakathi ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili lapho ibanga lokunyakaza elidingekayo lincane.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ngabe ijoint ye-velocity engashintshi isebenza kanjani? I-torque ivela ekuhlukeni ngokusebenzisa ama-shaft axhunywe ngamahinge. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-shafts womabili, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-engeli, azungeza ngesivinini esifanayo.

Ayini ama-CV joints? Ibhola (inguqulo ye-serial esebenza kahle kakhulu), i-tripoid (amarola ayindilinga, hhayi amabhola), ibhangqwe (amahinji ohlobo lwe-cardan, ahlala isikhathi eside), ikhamera (esetshenziswa ezimotweni ezisindayo).